• Title/Summary/Keyword: Response Consistency

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Improvement of transmission-line-based fault locating for typical traveling-wave accelerator with constant-gradient structures

  • T.N. Hu;Y.F. Zeng;K. Peng;H. Hu;H.M. Wang;K.F. Liu
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.56 no.6
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    • pp.2011-2018
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    • 2024
  • Since RF breakdown is one of the primary limitations to improving the performances of RF accelerators, extensive efforts have been dedicated to locating the breakdowns. However, most existing methods rely on specialized techniques, resulting in high financial burdens. Although the method based on transient response of transmission line (TL) is suitable for facilities with sporadic recoverable breakdowns, practical operations are susceptible to notable errors. This study revisits the fundamental theories of lossless TL and investigates the wave process to understand the characteristics of the reversed pulse induced by the breakdowns. By utilizing steadystate response of the TL and employing phasor method, we derive analytical formulas to determine the exact location of breakdowns within the faulty cell for constant-gradient TW accelerator. Furthermore, the derived formulas demonstrate their independence from RF phase, thereby distinguishing them from traditional phasebased methods. Additionally, experimental validations are conducted at the HUST injector, and the results confirm the consistency of the analysis. Thus, the proposed method represents a promising improvement over the TL-based approaches and serves as a valuable complement to current techniques. Importantly, this method demonstrates particular advantages for constructed TW accelerators seeking to achieve a balance among high performance, low costs, and compact layouts.

Content Analysis of Crisis Response Communication Strategies along Crisis Stages for Match-fixing Case in K-League (프로축구 승부조작 사건에 대한 프로축구연맹의 위기단계별 위기대응 커뮤니케이션 전략 분석)

  • Bang, Shinwoong;Hwang, Sunhwan
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.390-402
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    • 2014
  • This study, based upon the Sturges' crisis stages, examines the crisis response communication strategies of Korea Professional Football League(KPFL) for the K-league match-fixing case as well as the frequency of related news articles and the source of information. To explore the crisis response communication strategies the Korea Professional Football League used, a total of 118 news articles were analyzed using the content analysis and frequency analysis. The unit of analysis for crisis response communication strategies is sentence. The frequency of news articles based upon the crisis stages shows highest rate at the acute crisis stage. The source of information for news reports shows that KPFL was one of the major sources of the news reports. KPFL's crisis response communication strategy throughout all stages of the crisis stage shows that corrective action strategy was used highest ratio. In particular, the crisis response communication strategy between team, player and KPFL was shown lack of consistency throughout all crisis stages. Implication and future research direction for the results are discussed.

An Analysis on Reliabilities of Scoring Methods and Rubric Ratings Number for Performance Assessments of Middle School Students' Science Investigation Activities (중학생 과학탐구활동 수행평가 시 채점 방식 및 척도의 수에 따른 신뢰도 분석)

  • Kim, Hyung-Jun;Yoo, June-Hee
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.275-290
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    • 2010
  • In this study, reliabilities of holistic scoring method and analytic scoring method were analyzed in performance assessments of middle school students' science investigation activity. Reliabilities of 2, 3, and 4~7-level rubric ratings for analytic scoring methods were compared to figure out optimized numbers of rubric ratings. Two trained raters rated four activity sheets of 60 students by two rating methods and three kinds of rubric ratings. Internal consistency reliabilities of holistic scoring methods were higher than those of analytic scoring methods, while intrarater reliabilities of analytic scoring were higher than those of holistic scoring methods. Internal consistency reliabilities and intra-rater reliabilities of 3-level rubric rating showed similar patterns of 4~7-level rubric ratings. But students' discriminations, item difficulties and item-response curves showed that the 3-level rubric ratings was reliable. These results suggest that holistic scoring method could be adapted to increase internal consistency reliabilities with improvement in intra-rater reliabilities by rater's conferences. Also, the 3-level rubric rating would be enough for good reliability in case of adapting analytic scoring methods.

Response Characteristics of Perceived Stress Response Inventory in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Disorder (상부 위장관 장애 환자에서의 스트레스반응 지각척도의 반응특성)

  • Suh, Yong-Woo;Cho, In-Hee;Shin, Kwang-Chel;Chung, Yong-Kyoon
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.172-180
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    • 2000
  • Objectives : We investigated the characteristics of perceived stress response and relationship between some variables of gastrointestinal symptoms(esp., dyspepsia) and subscales of perceived stress response inventory(PSRI) in patients with upper gastointestinal disorder when they perceived stress. Methods : 84 patients with upper gastrointestinal disorder(gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer etc.) and 94 normal controls completed the PSRI developed by Korean psychiatrists. The patient group performed the questionnaire including some variables of gastrointestinal symptoms. Results : Internal consistency was statistically significant in all subscales of PSRI. The patient group was significantly higher at total score of PSRI, general somatic symptom subscale score, specific somatic symptom score than control group. As the result of stepwise regression analysis for relationship between some variables of gastrointestinal symptoms ans subscales of PSRI, specific somatic symptom subsclae closely related with illness duration, past illness history and severity of symptom, and the lowered cognitive function & general negative thinking subscale related with the existence of emotional distress. Conclusion : Patients with upper gastrointestinal disorder showed stronger perceived stress response than control group and they experiences somatic symptoms related to autonomic nervous system and/or gastrointestinal symtoms rather than emotional, cognitive, behavioral symtoms when they perceived stress. They also responded to stress as they expeirenced specific somatic symtom when they had long illness duration, past illness history, and high severity of symptom and the existence of emotional distress could develop lowered congnitive function and general negative thinking.

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Response Analysis of Data Acquired by Marine Loop Electromagnetic System Using Three-Dimensional Modeling Based on Integral Equation (적분방정식 기반의 3차원 모델링을 이용한 소형 루프형 해양 전자탐사 자료의 반응 분석)

  • Ko, Hwicheol;Park, In Hwa;Lee, Seong Kon
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.21-27
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    • 2014
  • We analyzed response patterns of test field data acquired with new small loop electromagnetic (EM) system using three-dimensional (3D) electromagnetic modeling code. The size and shape of a conductor was adopted as experimental parameters for EM modeling to understand influencing factors of the response patterns due to a metallic object on the seafloor. Obtaining the responses for four models of difference sizes and shapes through 3D EM modeling, we confirmed that the shape of the object have a more critical factor on the response pattern than size. We also calculated "ppm" values with respect to different altitudes of the sensor and source frequencies. The modeling results show that the consistency of sensor altitude is important and imaginary part of ppm response is more sensitive than real part. We also visualized the contour map of the real and imaginary part of ppm value as a function of frequency and altitude so that we can estimate proper altitude for source frequency band of our survey system. The results of this paper are anticipated to give proper parameters in survey construction for seafloor massive sulfide deposit.

Stochastic response of suspension bridges for various spatial variability models

  • Adanur, Suleyman;Altunisik, Ahmet C.;Soyluk, Kurtulus;Dumanoglu, A. Aydin
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.1001-1018
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this paper is to compare the structural responses obtained from the stochastic analysis of a suspension bridge subjected to uniform and partially correlated seismic ground motions, using different spatial correlation functions commonly used in the earthquake engineering. The spatial correlation function employed in this study consists of a term that characterizes the loss of coherency. To account for the spatial variability of ground motions, the widely used four loss of coherency models in the literature has been taken into account in this study. Because each of these models has its own characteristics, it is intended to determine the sensitivity of a suspension bridge due to these losses of coherency models which represent the spatial variability of ground motions. Bosporus Suspension Bridge connects Europe to Asia in Istanbul is selected as a numerical example. The bridge has steel towers that are flexible, inclined hangers and a steel box-deck of 1074 m main span, with side spans of 231 and 255 m on the European and Asian sides, respectively. For the ground motion the filtered white noise model is considered and applied in the vertical direction, the intensity parameter of this model is obtained by using the S16E component of Pacoima Dam record of 1971 San Fernando earthquake. An analytically simple model called as filtered white noise ground motion model is chosen to represent the earthquake ground motion. When compared with the uniform ground motion case, the results obtained from the spatial variability models with partial correlation outline the necessity to include the spatial variability of ground motions in the stochastic dynamic analysis of suspension bridges. It is observed that while the largest response values are obtained for the model proposed by Harichandran and Vanmarcke, the model proposed by Uscinski produces the smallest responses among the considered partially correlated ground motion models. The response values obtained from the uniform ground motion case are usually smaller than those of the responses obtained from the partially correlated ground motion cases. While the response values at the flexible parts of the bridge are totally dominated by the dynamic component, the pseudo-static component also has significant contributions for the response values at the rigid parts of the bridge. The results also show the consistency of the spatial variability models, which have different characteristics, considered in this study.

The Research on Online Game Hedonic Experience - Focusing on Moderate Effect of Perceived Complexity - (온라인 게임에서의 쾌락적 경험에 관한 연구 - 지각된 복잡성의 조절효과를 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Jong-Ho;Jung, Yun-Hee
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.147-187
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    • 2008
  • Online game researchers focus on the flow and factors influencing flow. Flow is conceptualized as an optimal experience state and useful explaining game experience in online. Many game studies focused on the customer loyalty and flow in playing online game, In showing specific game experience, however, it doesn't examine multidimensional experience process. Flow is not construct which show absorbing process, but construct which show absorbing result. Hence, Flow is not adequate to examine multidimensional experience of games. Online game is included in hedonic consumption. Hedonic consumption is a relatively new field of study in consumer research and it explores the consumption experience as a experiential view(Hirschman and Holbrook 1982). Hedonic consumption explores the consumption experience not as an information processing event but from a phenomenological of experiential view, which is a primarily subjective state. It includes various playful leisure activities, sensory pleasures, daydreams, esthetic enjoyment, and emotional responses. In online game experience, therefore, it is right to access through a experiential view of hedonic consumption. The objective of this paper was to make up for lacks in our understanding of online game experience by developing a framework for better insight into the hedonic experience of online game. We developed this framework by integrating and extending existing research in marketing, online game and hedonic responses. We then discussed several expectations for this framework. We concluded by discussing the results of this study, providing general recommendation and directions for future research. In hedonic response research, Lacher's research(1994)and Jongho lee and Yunhee Jung' research (2005;2006) has served as a fundamental starting point of our research. A common element in this extended research is the repeated identification of the four hedonic responses: sensory response, imaginal response, emotional response, analytic response. The validity of these four constructs finds in research of music(Lacher 1994) and movie(Jongho lee and Yunhee Jung' research 2005;2006). But, previous research on hedonic response didn't show that constructs of hedonic response have cause-effect relation. Also, although hedonic response enable to different by stimulus properties. effects of stimulus properties is not showed. To fill this gap, while largely based on Lacher(1994)' research and Jongho Lee and Yunhee Jung(2005, 2006)' research, we made several important adaptation with the primary goal of bringing the model into online game and compensating lacks of previous research. We maintained the same construct proposed by Lacher et al.(1994), with four constructs of hedonic response:sensory response, imaginal response, emotional response, analytical response. In this study, the sensory response is typified by some physical movement(Yingling 1962), the imaginal response is typified by images, memories, or situations that game evokes(Myers 1914), and the emotional response represents the feelings one experiences when playing game, such as pleasure, arousal, dominance, finally, the analytical response is that game player engaged in cognition seeking while playing game(Myers 1912). However, this paper has several important differences. We attempted to suggest multi-dimensional experience process in online game and cause-effect relation among hedonic responses. Also, We investigated moderate effects of perceived complexity. Previous studies about hedonic responses didn't show influences of stimulus properties. According to Berlyne's theory(1960, 1974) of aesthetic response, perceived complexity is a important construct because it effects pleasure. Pleasure in response to an object will increase with increased complexity, to an optimal level. After that, with increased complexity, pleasure begins with a linearly increasing line for complexity. Therefore, We expected this perceived complexity will influence hedonic response in game experience. We discussed the rationale for these suggested changes, the assumptions of the resulting framework, and developed some expectations based on its application in Online game context. In the first stage of methodology, questions were developed to measure the constructs. We constructed a survey measuring our theoretical constructs based on a combination of sources, including Yingling(1962), Hargreaves(1962), Lacher (1994), Jongho Lee and Yunhee Jung(2005, 2006), Mehrabian and Russell(1974), Pucely et al(1987). Based on comments received in the pretest, we made several revisions to arrive at our final survey. We investigated the proposed framework through a convenience sample, where participation in a self-report survey was solicited from various respondents having different knowledges. All respondents participated to different degrees, in these habitually practiced activities and received no compensation for their participation. Questionnaires were distributed to graduates and we used 381 completed questionnaires to analysis. The sample consisted of more men(n=225) than women(n=156). In measure, the study used multi-item scales based previous study. We analyze the data using structural equation modeling(LISREL-VIII; Joreskog and Sorbom 1993). First, we used the entire sample(n=381) to refine the measures and test their convergent and discriminant validity. The evidence from both the factor analysis and the analysis of reliability provides support that the scales exhibit internal consistency and construct validity. Second, we test the hypothesized structural model. And, we divided the sample into two different complexity group and analyze the hypothesized structural model of each group. The analysis suggest that hedonic response plays different roles from hypothesized in our study. The results indicate that hedonic response-sensory response, imaginal response, emotional response, analytical response- are related positively to respondents' level of game satisfaction. And game satisfaction is related to higher levels of game loyalty. Additionally, we found that perceived complexity is important to online game experience. Our results suggest that importance of each hedonic response different by perceived game complexity. Understanding the role of perceived complexity in hedonic response enables to have a better understanding of underlying mechanisms at game experience. If game has high complexity, analytical response become important response. So game producers or marketers have to consider more cognitive stimulus. Controversy, if game has low complexity, sensorial response respectively become important. Finally, we discussed several limitations of our study and suggested directions for future research. we concluded with a discussion of managerial implications. Our study provides managers with a basis for game strategies.

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Analysis of Job Satisfaction among Female Dentists in Gwangju (광주지역 일부 여자치과의사의 직업만족도)

  • Choo, Hyun Hee;Cho, Jin-Hyoung;Kim, Min-Seok
    • The Journal of the Korean dental association
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    • v.55 no.2
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    • pp.139-155
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    • 2017
  • The study of job satisfaction among female dentists is essential to improve the quality of their life. In this study, a job satisfaction survey of female dentists in Gwangju was performed and the factors affecting job satisfaction were examined. A survey of female dentists in Gwangju was conducted using a custom-designed and validated questionnaire which incorporated the Korean Dentist satisfaction Survey (KDSS) as well as questions regarding socio-demographics and professional characteristics. Satisfaction for each question was measured by a 5-point Likert scale. The final analysis was performed with 89 questionnaires, after excluding 3 non-response questionnaires. Analysis of the data for each group was carried out using a Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. The reliability of the questionnaire was identified by the internal consistency of the survey using Cronbach coefficient. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 19, SPSS Inc, Chicago, Ill, USA). The level of statistical significance was set at p = 0.05. On analyzing with use of the above mentioned method, the following findings were observed: Income, leisure time, time for self-development, and overall job satisfaction were lower than the average, especially the percentage of dissatisfaction was much higher than that of satisfaction. Satisfaction was associated with age, duration of employment, and the number of assistants. The limitations of this study are the lack of an adequate sample size, convenience sampling during extraction, the lack of questionnaire items, the limitations of quantitative research, and failure to perform measurement in the non-response group. However, female dentists can be expected to achieve a more satisfactory and enhanced working environment if the research based on the current study is followed up in an expanded target group.

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Survey of Pharmacy Practice for Compounding Parenteral Nutrition in Hospital Setting - 2009 (병원약국 대상으로 정맥영양제 조제 실행에 관한 연구-2009)

  • Sin, Hye-Yeon;Jung, Ki-Hwa
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.54 no.4
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    • pp.244-251
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    • 2010
  • Standardized parenteral nutrition is required to improve patient's safety, clinical appropriateness and to increase uniformity between institution and institutions. We assessed the consistency with the American society for parenteral and enteral nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) practice guideline for PN by evaluating current practice process for parenteral nutrition formulation in inpatients pharmacies in Korea. Each question in this survey was based on 2007 A.S.P.E.N. recommendations of standard parenteral nutrition formulation, the American society of health-system pharmacists (ASHP), and the United State Pharmacopoeia (USP) Chapter 797 guideline for compounding parenteral nutritions. All 90 Korean society of hospital pharmacist (KSHP) member directors of pharmacy were requested to respond to the survey in order to compare the survey results to ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in hospital settings (2002) in compliance with A.S.P.E.N. guideline. We had final response rate of 35.6%. 25 (100%) hospitals complied with this Garb guideline (response rate was 84.4%) which was the highest compliance. Only 17.9% of hospital pharmacies were actively involved in complications monitoring. Monitoring complications and efficacy were least in compliance with the A.S.P.E.N. guideline. 69.0% of Korean pharmacists adjusted medication dosage based on disease state or monitoring laboratory data in compliance with the A.S.P.E.N. guideline. Over 50% of the hospital pharmacies failed to provide and evaluate staff training in aseptic manipulation skills periodically. Korean hospital pharmacies need to comply with the standard practice guideline for compounding sterile preparation in order to provide better quality of parenteral nutrition service for specific patient population.

Validation of Food Security Measures for the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (국민건강영양조사 식품안정성 측정 도구의 타당도 조사)

  • Kim, Ki-Rang;Hong, Seo-Ah;Kwon, Sung-Ok;Choi, Bo-Youl;Kim, Ga-Young;Oh, Se-Young
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.771-781
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    • 2011
  • The objective of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of food security measures, which was developed based on the US household food security survey module (US HFSSM) with content validity in the Korean population. The reliability and validity were assessed by internal consistency, construct validity and criterion-related validity. The study included 446 households. Among those, 46.2% were households with children. The proportion of food insecure households was 33.3%. Among those, 35.4% and 64.6% households were food insecure with hunger and without hunger, respectively. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.84 and the infit value by the Rasch model analysis ranged from 0.68 to 1.43. The scale item response curves by food insecurity severity explained well the nature and characteristics of food security, indicating the highest proportion of "yes" for the items on diet quality, followed by those with diet quantity. The result of criterion-related validity showed that food insecurity status was significantly related in a dose-response manner with the household income level, food expenditure, subjective health state, subjects' educational level. Household food security status was also related to dietary diversity regarding protein foods, fruits and fruit juice, and milk and dairy product. These findings suggest that the food security instrument is reliable and valid and would be used to assess food security status in the Korean population.