• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2014

The present study was conducted to characterize physicochemical properties of chub mackerel bones (CMB) to evaluate its potential as a food resource. The proximate composition of CMB showed 40.4% moisture, 13.8% crude fat, 15.2% crude protein, and 28.7% ash. The major minerals in CMB were calcium (26.27 g/100 g) and phosphorus (15.88 g/100 g). The amino acids were rich in glycine, proline, glutamic acid, and alanine. The contents of total and neutral lipids, glycolipid and phospholipid were shown to be 16.05%, 95%, 2.32%, and 3.15%, respectively. The major fatty acids were C22:6, C16:0, C18:1, C20:5, C18:0, C17:0, C14:0, C20:1 in order. The fatty acid contents of total and neutral lipid were in a range of 39.25% and 44.54% for saturated and 33.61% and 34.05% for polyunsaturated, respectively. The breaking strength and hardness of intact CMB were 10.01 and $50.03kgf/cm^2$, whereas those of CMB heated for 45 min at $121^{\circ}C$ were 0.40 and $1.94kgf/cm^2$, respectively.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of multi-enzyme supplementation in a corn and soybean meal-based diet on the growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, blood profile, fecal microbes and noxious gas emission in growing pigs. A total of 80 crossbred [(Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire) ${\times}$ Duroc] growing pigs with an average body weight (BW) of $25.04{\pm}1.44kg$ were used in a 6-week experiment. The experimental treatments were as follows: CON, basal diet and; T1, basal diet + 100 mg/kg multi-enzyme. During the experiment, the pigs fed the diet with multi-enzyme supplementation had a higher gain to feed ratio (G/F) (p < 0.05) than the pigs fed the diet without multi-enzyme supplementation. On day 42, the pigs fed the diet with multi-enzyme supplementation had decreased $H_2S$ and $NH_3$ emissions (p < 0.05) than the pigs fed the diet without multi-enzyme supplementation. However, no effect was observed on nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and fecal microbes among the treatments (p > 0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that multi-enzyme supplementation in a corn and soybean meal based diet can partly improve the growth performance and noxious gas emission of growing pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2015

Two hundred and sixteen Institut de S$\acute{e}$lection Animale (ISA) brown layers (40 wks of age) were studied for 6 wks to examine the effect of microalgae powder (MAP) on egg production, egg quality, blood lipid profile, and fatty acid concentration of egg yolk. Dietary treatments were as follows: i) CON (basal diet), ii) 0.5% MAP (CON+0.5% Schizochytrium powder), and iii) 1.0% MAP (CON+1.0% Schizochytrium powder). From 44 to 46 wks, egg production was higher in 1.0% MAP treatment than in control treatment (linear, p = 0.034); however, there was no difference on the egg production from 40 to 43 wks (p>0.05). Serum triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly reduced in the groups fed with MAP, compared to those in groups fed with control diets (Quadratic, p = 0.034 and p = 0.039, respectively). Inclusion of 0.5% MAP in the diet of layers improved egg yolk color, compared with hens fed with basal diet at 46 wks (quadratic, p = 0.044). Eggshell thickness was linearly increased in MAP-fed treatments at 46th wk (p<0.05). Concentration of yolk docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6n-3) was increased in treatment groups fed with MAP (linear, p<0.05). The n-6 fatty acids, n-6/n-3 fatty acid, and unsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid were decreased in treatment groups fed with MAP (linear, p<0.05). These results suggest that MAP improved the egg production and egg quality, and may affect serum lipid metabolites in the layers. In addition, MAP increases yolk DHA levels, and deceases n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2009

우수한 생균제를 개발하기 위하여 안전성이 알려진 유산균을 대상으로 인체의 분변으로부터 300여 균주를 분리하고 내산성, 내담즙성, 내열성, 항균력, 항암 및 항바이러스 효과를 가지는 균주들을 선발하여 생균제 특성을 나타내는지를 알아보기 위해 본 실험을 수행하였다. 인체에서 분리한 여러 균주 중 Miny-148 균주는 낮은 pH 및 높은 담즙산에 대한 내성, 열처리에 대한 열안정성을 지녀 기초적인 probiotic 특성을 가진 균주로 선발되어, Lactobacillus pentosus (99.9% 상동성)로 동정되었다. 항균력 실험에서 Escherichia coli O157:H7을 비롯한 Shigella flexneri, Bacillus anthracis, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Vibrio cholerae, V. vulnificus, Salmonella typhimurium, 그리고 및 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) 균주 8종 등 총 16종의 병원성세균을 억제하였다. 또한 Miny-148은 결장암 세포인 HT-29 cell을 억제하였을 뿐 아니라, transmissible gastroenteritis virus의 생육을 저해하여 세포변성 억제효과를 가진 우수한 probiotic 특성을 지닌 균주로 분석되었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2011

본시험은 복합효소제 첨가 급여에 따른 육성돈의 생산성, 영양소소화율, 혈액성상 및 사료비용에 관하여 평가하였다. 시험 동물은 3원교잡종 [(Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire) ${\times}$ Duroc] 육성돈 96두를 공시하여 6주간 실시하였고, 시험 개시체중은 $22.96{\pm}0.79$kg이었다. 시험 사료는 고에너지 사료와 대조구 사료를 이용하여 고에너지 사료(HC) 처리구, 일반 사료(CON)인 대조구, 대조구 사료에 복합효소제 0.05%와 0.1%을 첨가한 CE1과 CE2로 4처리구 각 처리당 4마리씩 6반복으로 완전임의 배치하여 실시하였다. 생산성에서 일당 증체량은 CE1와 CE2 처리구들이 대조구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타내었다(P<0.05). 일당사료섭취량에서는 CE2 처리구가 HC 처리구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타내었고(P<0.05), 대조구에 복합효소제를 첨가할수록 증가하는 Linear 효과를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 사료효율에서는 처리구간의 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 영양소 소화율에 있어서는 건물, 질소 및 총 에너지 소화율 모두 CE1 처리구가 CON 처리구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타내었고(P<0.05), 대조구에 복합효소제가 첨가될수록 증가하는 Linear 효과를 나타내었다 (P<0.05). 혈액특성에서는 시험기간동안 혈액내 Creatinine과 blood urea nitrogen의 함량에 있어서는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 경제성 분석에 있어서는 대조구 사료에 복합효소제 첨가시 기초 사료보다 사료비용이 절감되는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 복합효소제가 0.05% 첨가된 CE1 처리구에서 사료비용이 절감되었다. 결론적으로 일반적인 육성돈 사료내 0.05% 복합효소제 첨가 급여시 일당증체량, 영양소 소화율 증가되고, 고에너지 사료와 비교하여 150 kcal의 효과와 사료비용을 절감시키는 것으로 알 수 있었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2010

본 시험은 산란계 사료 내 사과박 발효물의 첨가가 산란계 생산성, 계란 품질 및 장내 미생물 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 57주령 Hy-Line을 200수를 공시하여 5처리, 4반복, 반복당 10수씩 배치하여 10주간 사양 시험을 실시하였다. 시험구는 무첨가구(Control, C)와 산란계 사료 내 생균제 0.1% 첨가구(T1), 사과박 발효물 1.0% 첨가구(T2), 계피0.1%첨가구(T3) 및 계피를 첨가한 사과박 발효물 1.0% 첨가구(T4)로 처리구를 나누어 시험을 실시하였다. 시험 전기간 동안 총 산란율에서는 각 처리구간 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았으나 대조구와 비교하였을 때 생균제 및 발효 사과 부산물 첨가구에서 6.1% 개선되는 결과를 나타내었다. 계피 0.1% 첨가구에서는 무첨가구 대비 4.5% 개선되는 결과를 나타내었다. 시험 기간 동안 계란 품질 조사 결과 전체 처리구에서 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 신선도의 경우 무첨가구와 비교 시 발효 사과 부산물 처리구에서1.2%의 개선 효과를 나타내어 안전 양계 산물 생산에 대한 가능성을 나타내었다. 시험 전 기간 동안 혈액 생화학 및 혈구에 대해 처리구간 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 결과적으로 산란계 사료 내 발효 사과 부산물의 첨가 급여는 산란계에 있어 생산성에 대해 개선 효과를 가지며, 향후 곡물 수급의 불안정 및 양계 분야에 대체 자원의 필요성을 고려할 때 농산부산물을 활용한다는 점에서 충분한 가능성을 시사한 결과라 할 수 있다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2023

Objective: This program aimed to reveal the association of feed intrinsic molecular structure with nutrient supply to animals from canola feedstocks and co-products from bio-oil processing. The special objective of this study was to quantify the relationship between molecular spectral feature and nutrient availability and develop nutrient prediction equation with vibrational molecular structure spectral profiles. Methods: The samples of feedstock (canola oil seeds) and co-products (meals and pellets) from different bio-oil processing plants in Canada (CA) and China (CH) were submitted to this molecular spectroscopic technique and their protein and carbohydrate related molecular spectral features were associated with the nutritional results obtained through the conventional methods of analyses for chemical and nutrient profiles, rumen degradable and intestinal digestible parameters. Results: The results showed that the spectral structural carbohydrates spectral peak area (ca. 1,487.8 to 1,190.8 cm^-1) was the carbohydrate structure that was most significant when related to various carbohydrate parameters of canola meals (p<0.05, r>0.50). And spectral total carbohydrate area (ca. 1,198.5 to 934.3 cm^-1) was most significant when studying the various carbohydrate parameters of canola seeds (p<0.05, r>0.50). The spectral amide structures (ca. 1,721.2 to 1,480.1 cm^-1) were related to a few chemical and nutrient profiles, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) fractions, truly absorbable nutrient supply based on the Dutch protein system (DVE/OEB), and NRC systems, and intestinal in vitro protein-related parameters in co-products (canola meals). Besides the spectral amide structures, α-helix height (ca. 1,650.8 to 1,643.1 cm^-1) and β-sheet height (ca. 1,633.4 to 1,625.7 cm^-1), and the ratio between them have shown to be related to many protein-related parameters in feedstock (canola oil seeds). Multi-regression analysis resulted in moderate to high R² values for some protein related equations for feedstock (canola seeds). Protein related equations for canola meals and carbohydrate related equations for canola meals and seeds resulted in weak R² and low p values (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy vibrational molecular spectroscopy can be a useful resource to predict carbohydrate and protein-relates nutritional aspects of canola seeds and meals.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.437-440
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• 2000

In order to meet the different requirements of a wide variety of user applications, the network should support the different quality of service requirements for different applications. While 3GPP has specified a number of QoS profiles for a 3G-GPRS (or UMTS), the implementation of QoS management is an issue. This paper presents the QoS management functions in the 3G-GPRS. The QoS management involves service manager, translation function, admission/capability control, and subscription control of users, and mapping function, classification function, resource manager, and traffic conditioner of user traffic. It also describes the QoS Management procedure during the session management when setting up the bearers.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.994-996
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• 2003

GRAM++ is a collection of software packages for geographic information system (GIS) applications, developed indigenously at the Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering (CSRE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay. This software is now being used for a number of GIS applications that assist decision makers in taking informed decisions. Some of these applications include simulation of the spatial impact of raising height of dam and assessment of the costs and benefits; identifying sites suitable for inland aquaculture and validation with existing sites; developing resource profiles and computation of human development indices for prioritized development; land suitability analysis for agriculture applications.

• 융복합기술연구소 논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2015

Human powered aircraft (HPA) is an airplane that uses only human power for its propulsion. The human power as a power resource and an engine produce the available power that is very crucial to the success of the HPA. In the present paper, the human power characteristics for completing the mission profile are discussed focusing on the take-off and climbing performance. The mission profile is designed by using an athlete's power generation. It is believed that present analysis can be helpful for the mission profile design and athletes exercise program development for the HPA competitions.