• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 1998

In order to minimize harmful side effects, extend weed control performance, and control the releasing rate of the active ingredient, dicamba controlled release granular formulations were prepared with starch as matrix. Leaching, soil residue, and volatilization of the granules were compared with dicamba soluble concentrate formulation (SL). Leaching of dicamba through the soil applied with the granules could be reduced more than 50% as compared with that of dicamba SL. The half life of dicamba in loamy soil treated with the granules was 50 to 51 days, while that in sand loamy soil was 50 to 58 days. Whereas, the half life of dicamba in loamy and sand loamy soil applied with dicamba SL was 24 and 22 days, respectively. Volatilization of dicamba from the granules was 10 times less than that of dicamba SL.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.373-381
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• 1997

In order to investigate the drift of pesticides sprayed on Chinese cabbage, 7 pesticides chlorpyrifos, EPN, pirimiphos-methyl, phenthoate, tetradifon, dicofol and bifenthrin were applied in two sets of field tests. The pesticide residues were quantified bar multiple-residue analysis, in which the recovery rate was 78${\sim}$92% and standard deviation was ${\pm}0.683{\sim}52%$. It was found that most of the tested pesticides were spread by drift to neighbouring area and brought about the contamination of the unsprayed crops. The extent of drift varied depending upon the pesticide, distance and wind direction. The mean residue levels on unsprayed crops were 0.66% at 3 meter distance, 0.10% at 6 m distance and 0.05% at 9 m distance from the applied area and the maximum level was 1.83% of the residue on sprayed crops.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.265-275
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• 2021

Objective: The study developed mushroom stalk residues as feed additives in the broiler diet for improving the growth performance and immunity of broilers as well as to increase the value of mushroom stalk residues. Methods: In total, 300 ROSS 308 broilers were randomly allocated into fifteen pens with five dietary treatments: i) control, basal diet; ii) CMWM, supplemented with 1% Cordyceps militaris waster medium (CM); iii) CMPE, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Pleurotus eryngii stalk residue (PE); iv) CMPS, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Pleurotus sajorcaju stalk residue (PS); v) CMFV, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Fammulina velutipes stalk residue (FV). Results: The chemical analysis results showed that CM extracts, PE extracts, PS extracts, and FV extracts contain functional components such as polysaccharides and phenols and have both 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate scavenging and Ferrous scavenging capacities. The group CMWM saw increased body weight gain and feed conversion rate and the promotion of jejunum villus growth, but there is no significant difference in the intestinal bacteria phase. Antioxidant genes in the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)- antioxidant responsive element pathway among the groups are significantly higher than that of the control group, especially in group CMWM. Conclusion: The mushroom stalk residues have antioxidant functional components, can improve the intestinal health and body weight gain of chickens, and can activate the antioxidant pathway of Nrf2 to increase the heme oxygenase-1 expression. The treatment with 1% CM was the most promising as a feed additive.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.14.1-14.11
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• 2022

Background: Carnivore protoparvovirus 1, also known as canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), is the main pathogen in hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in dogs, with a high mortality rate. Three subtypes (a, b, c) have been described based on VP2 residue 426, where 2a, 2b, and 2c have asparagine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid, respectively. Objectives: This study examined the presence of CPV-2 variants in the fecal samples of dogs diagnosed with canine parvovirus in Bogotá. Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 54 puppies and young dogs (< 1 year) that tested positive for the CPV through rapid antigen test detection between 2014-2018. Molecular screening was developed for VP1 because primers 555 for VP2 do not amplify, it was necessary to design a primer set for VP2 amplification of 982 nt. All samples that were amplified were sequenced by Sanger. Phylogenetics and structural analysis was carried out, focusing on residue 426. Results: As a result 47 out of 54 samples tested positive for VP1 screening, and 34/47 samples tested positive for VP2 980 primers as subtype 2a (n = 30) or 2b (n = 4); subtype 2c was not detected. All VP2 sequences had the amino acid, T, at 440, and most Colombian sequences showed an S514A substitution, which in the structural modeling is located in an antigenic region, together with the 426 residue. Conclusions: The 2c variant was not detected, and these findings suggest that Colombian strains of CPV-2 might be under an antigenic drift.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.12-15
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• 1995

In this paper, some representative waste tire pyrolysis were investigated together with the analysis of the problems associated with the commercialization of various waste tire treatment technologies. Also, R & D results on recovering the oil from the pyrolysis of waste tires, when waste oil was used as a heating medium, were summarized in this study. Experimental results show that the present pyrolysis process has both lower pyrolytic temperature and higher pyrolysis rate than usual one and that the quality of the product oil and residue obtained was relatively even with large availability.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to investigate pre-harvest residue limit (PHRL) in Chwinamul, to estimate biological half-life for residue of each pesticide. Chwinamul was sprayed with pesticides of standard and double application rate. Chlorfenapyr and fenarimol were sprayed once on Chwinamul at 10 days before harvest, and it was sampled 7 times and analysed the residual change of two pesticides. METHODS AND RESULTS: Chwinamul sample was extracted with acetonitrile and partitioned with dichloromethane, and pesticide residues were determined with GCECD. Method quantitation limit (MQL) of chlorfenapyr was 0.10 mg/kg and that of fenarimol was 0.02 mg/kg. Recoveries of chlorfenapyr at two fortification levels of 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg were $94.2{\pm}$1.70 and $99.0{\pm}1.61%$, respectively. Recoveries of fenarimol at two fortification levels of 0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg were $92.1{\pm}2.14$ and $83.1{\pm}1.98%$, respectively. CONCLUSION(s): The biological half-lives of chlorfenapyr were about 3.5 days at standard application rate, and 3.4 days at double application rate. The biological half-lives of fenarimol were about 6.0 days at standard application rate, and 5.9 days at double application rate. The PHRLs of chlorfenapyr were recommended as 13.02 and 6.25 mg/kg for 10 and 5 days before harvest, respectively. And the PHRLs of fenarimol were recommended as 2.80 and 1.67 mg/kg for 10 and 5 days before harvest, respectively.

• BMB Reports
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.294-298
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• 1999

Myo-inositol monophosphate phosphatase is a key enzyme in the phosphoinositide cell-signaling system. Incubation of myo-inositol monophosphate phosphatase from porcine brain with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) resulted in a time-dependent loss of enzyme activity. The inactivation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with the second-order rate constant of $3.8{\times}10^3\;M^{-1}min^{-1}$. The time course of the reaction was significantly affected by the substrate myo-inositol-1-phosphate, which afforded complete protection against the loss of catalytic activity. Spectrophotometric studies indicated that about one oxindole group per molecule of enzyme was formed following complete loss of enzymatic activity. It is suggested that the catalytic function of myo-inositol monophosphate phosphatase is modulated by the binding of NBS to a specific tryptophan residue at or near the substrate binding site of the enzyme.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 1989

Squared-error Pattern Clustering algorithm used in unsupervised pattern recognition and image processing application demands substantial processing time for operation of feature vector matrix. So, this paper propose the fast squared-error Pattern Clustering Processor using the Residue Number System which have been the nature of parallel processing and pipeline. The proposed Squared-error Pattern Clustering Processor illustrate satisfiable error rate for Cluster number which can be divide meaningful region and about 200 times faster than 80287 coprocessor from experiments result of image segmentation. In this result, it is useful to real-time processing application for large data.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.18-27
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• 1997

This study was performed to obtained the optimal delignified condition of exploded wood on the acid hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. Wood chips of pine wood(Pinus desiflora), oak wood(Quercus serrata) and birch wood (Betula platyphylla var. japonica) were treated with a high pressure steam (20-30kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 2-6 minutes). The exploded wood was delignified with sodium hydroxide and sodium chlorite, and then hydrolyzed with sulfuric acid. The result can be summerized as follows ; In the exploded wood treated with sodium hydroxide, the optimal concentration of sodium hydroxide was 1% as content of lignin in the exploded wood. Lignin content of exploded wood treated with sodium chlorite was lower then that sodium hydroxide. The maximum reducing sugar yield of exploded wood treated with 1% sodium hydroxide was lower than non-treated exploded wood. In the case of sodium chlorite treated, the maximum reducing sugar yield was hgher than non-treated exploded wood. Sugar composition of acid hydrolysis solution was composed of xylose and glucose residue, and the rate of glucose residue was increased in high pressure condition.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.252-257
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• 2007

Escherichia coli HslVU is an ATP-dependent protease consisting of two heat shock proteins, the HslU ATPase and HslV peptidase. In the reconstituted enzyme, HslU stimulates the proteolytic activity of HslV by one to two orders of magnitude, while HslV increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis by HslU several-fold. Here we show that HslV alone can efficiently degrade certain unfolded proteins, such as unfolded lactalbumin and lysozyme prepared by complete reduction of disulfide bonds, but not their native forms. Furthermore, HslV alone cleaved a lactalbumin fragment sandwiched by two thioredoxin molecules, indicating that it can hydrolyze the internal peptide bonds of lactalbumin. Surprisingly, ATP inhibited the degradation of unfolded proteins by HslV. This inhibitory effect of ATP was markedly diminished by substitution of the Arg86 residue located in the apical pore of HslV with Gly, suggesting that interaction of ATP with the Arg residue blocks access of unfolded proteins to the proteolytic chamber of HslV. These results suggest that uncomplexed HslV is inactive under normal conditions, but may can degrade unfolded proteins when the ATP level is low, as it is during carbon starvation.