• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2001

본 연구에서는, 접촉연소식 가스 탐지 소자를 대상으로 감도특성 및 전기적 특성을 분석하였으며, 24시간 동안 공기중에 노출시킨 후 온도($20^{\circ}c$, $40^{\circ}c$)와 상대습도(65%, 85%)에서 작동시켜 분석하였다. 또한 동일한 주거환경에서 210일 동안 50 cm/sec 유속을 유지하며 가스탐지소자의 동작을 실험하였다. 가스 탐지센서에 공급 전원은 기본회로에 직류 전압별(2.1V, 2.2V, 2.3V)로 인가하였다. 따라서, 상대습도와 온도에 의한 이소부탄과 메탄 특성그래프를 각각 분석한 결과 전반적으로 선형적인 증가를 보임을 확인할 수 있다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.168-187
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• 2006

대류권 하부의 높은 대기 불안정도와 건조도에 의해 바람이 강한 조건하에 화재 연료도 건조해지면 산불 통제가 어렵고 대형산불에 의한 더 많은 산림자원과 계산의 손실을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 제시된 장기간(1979-2005)의 Haines Index는 한반도 상의 대기 불안정도와 건조도의 시공간적 패턴이 우리나라 산불 발생빈도에 중요한 영향을 미치고 있음을 잘 보여주고 있다. 산불 발생빈도와 Haines Index 사이의 지수회귀모델은 주요 산불 발생기간동안(12월-4월)의 Haines Index 일평균 값 혹은 월별 발생빈도가 우리나라 산불 발생빈도와 통계적으로 유의미하게 상관되어 있음을 보여준다. 지리정보시스템(GIS)에서 수치표고모델(DEM)을 고려하여 작성한 Haines Index 기후도에 따르면, 5 이상의 높은 Haines Index는 주로 해발고도 500m 이하의 한반도 북서 저지대를 중심으로 4-5월에 자주 발생하고 있다. 이러한 Haines Index의 발생빈도는 1990년대 중반 이후 한반도 전체적으로 증가하는 추세를 보이고, 특히 경상북도와 동해안 지역을 따라 산불기간 동안 가장 뚜렷하게 증가하는 패턴을 보였다. 연구기간 동안 높은 Haines Index가 2-3일 연속적으로 발생한 극사상(extreme events)이 나타나는 시기의 500hPa 종관 평균도에 따르면, 오흐츠크해에 발달한 한랭저기압이 한반도 중층대기의 기압경도력을 높여 동서의 강한 바람장을 형성하는데 도움을 주고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 결과들은 현재 우리나라 산불 예보 시스템에 대기 불안정도나 건조도와 같은 대기의 수직적 요소들의 시 공간적 특성도 고려되어야 하는 필요성을 잘 보여준다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제36호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2003

Asian design has mastered the use of natural elements in the home to create a sense of harmony and balance. The viewpoint of the West recognizes the nature to be conquered while the viewpoint of the Orient recognizes it to be unison with a human being. Additionally, the viewpoint of the Orient reflects a harmonious relationship between the human being and the nature, and it does not see assuredly from an opposed viewpoint. The Five elements, one of oriental notion, are based on an affinity between the human being and the nature. The objectives of this study are to understand the Five elements composed of wood, fire, earth, metal, water and to suggest a substantial method for treating a harmonious and balanced environment in the collaboration of the interior materials by the Five elements. When the interior materials incorporate all the relationships of the Five elements, a space will accomplish harmony with the nature and the universe, thus it will be in tune with surrounding.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2017

Purpose: Under the purpose of presenting the adequate remodeling period for the improvement of thermal insulation performance of external walls in deteriorated buildings, the change in external wall and residential environment problem(dew condensation) due to aged deterioration after the apartments were constructed in Korea were analyzed. Method: Temperature Difference Ratio Outside(TDRo) and Heat Flow Meter(HFM) were used as measurement methods to evaluate the thermal insulation performance of deteriorated buildings. For TDR evaluation, thermo-graphic camera was used to measure and analyze the surface temperature of external wall. Also, dew condensation evaluation was analyzed using the Temperature Difference Ratio Inside(TDRi). Result: As a result of analyzing thermal performance through TDRo, the first decline point of thermal insulation performance began after 14-16 years have passed since construction was completed, and after 20 years have passed the decline point of thermal insulation performance reappeared. As a result of analyzing U-value with HFM measurement method, the decline rate of external wall's thermal insulation performance is lower than 2% in average at around 5 years after completion, and 8.7% in average at 10-15 years, and over 10.2% in average at 20 years.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

The artillery fire accident in Yeonpyeong Island showed that the man-made disaster caused by the domestic political conditions as well as the conventional natural disaster can occur in Korea. Especially, it can be known that the whole community can be abandoned despite of a small scale of practical damage in residential district and the resulting large scale of refugees can be produced in the nation. This study investigated the real condition of temporary housing which has been provided at the Island. Firstly, in the theoretical review based on the literature study, the content on the background of temporary housing, the providing procedure of its concept, the status of supply, etc. has been considered. And it researched the current condition of the entire temporary housing through the questionnaire and interviews targeting the residents in the Island. So it purposed to make use of the results as a plan and design for future temporary housing against disaster.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-52
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• 1991

To investigate opportunities for wood frame housing and to activate wood frame house construction, trends of construction activities. preference about housing, and building codes related to wood frame housing were discussed. And two models of wood frame house were developed and construction cost was analyzed to compare with comparative masonry houses. The results obtained were as follows: 1. While 77.8% of people prefer single-family houses, majority of people(74.9%), ironically, possess multi-family houses such as apartments Wood work cost was ratio of 4% of total building cost. while wood material cost accounted merely for 11 % out of total building material cost. 2. Building code was not major barrier to residential house at height under 13m. The building code regulated major structural member and family boder wall of multi-family house to be built with fire retardant material. 3. The proper wood frame house was analyzed of town house or villa type locating in suburban of big city with hot ondol system for the upper middle class. 4 There was no difference in construction cost between western style wood frame house and comparable masonry house, but construction cost for Korean style wood frame house is 27% higher than that of comparable masonry house. It was necessary to reduce materials and cost down by prefabrication technique for both style of wood frame house.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2012

Wood-plastic composites represents a growing class of materials used by the residential construction industry and furniture industry. In this study, the effect of flame retardants on the flammability and mechanical properties of wood flour-high density polyethylene(HDPE) composites were studied. we were manufactured wood flour-HDPE composites by modular intermeshing co-rotating twin screw extruder with L/D ratio of 42. The flame retardant properties were used limiting oxygen index(LOI) and mechanical properties were measured by universal testing machine(UTM). The Morphological analysis of composites were analyzed by Scanning electron microscope(SEM). It was found that Ammonium polyphosphate can effectively reduce the flammability of the wood flour-HDPE composites. Marginal reduction in the mechanical properties of the composites was found with addition of flame retardants. SEM images showed that the coupling agent improved wood flour-HDPE interfacial bonding.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Purpose: The balcony in the apartment is important space not only as a fire escape but also as a buffer for heat and sound insulation. However, with the legalization of balcony expansion for residential apartments in Korea in 2006, many households have eliminated the balcony space altogether to increase the inner space, often without sufficient consideration for the effects on the indoor environment. This study examined the sound insulation performance of exterior-facing windows in enclosed balconies and the changes in the indoor acoustic environment due to expansion to provide a basis for appropriate balcony expansion. The apartments for the field test were chosen where two balcony types can be compared, and the sound insulation performance for the eighteen balcony windows was measured. The windows installed were typical double window with thickness 16 mm or 22 mm. Measurements of the weighted standard sound pressure level difference showed a decrease of about 3 dB in sound insulation performance due to expansion. For common exterior noise levels of 70-85 dB(A), the indoor noise level can exceed 45 dB(A), the limit level regulated in Korea. However, it was found that the sound insulation performance of the window and the quality of the construction have more influence on indoor noise levels than balcony expansion itself.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2016

Purpose: A lot of active researches have addressed the impact of a building on global environment, but most of the researches focus on a residential building and a large office building. Hereupon, this study assessed the impact on environment quantitatively through the analysis of input materials targeting a school building. Method:This study calculated embodied energy of input materials suggested in a construction statement on a school building using the input-output analysis. This study finally carried out environmental impact assessment by applying LCIA DB shown in the preceding researches to the calculated embodied energy. Result: The analysis result revealed that the environmental impact per unit area(/$m^2$) at a school building was $4.11E-02PE{\cdot}yr$, among which Construction was found to be $3.59E-02PE{\cdot}yr$, being analyzed to account for about 87% of the total environmental impact. Also, as a result of detailed environmental impact, the impact on global warming among the total environmental impact was analyzed to be high, accounting for about 76%.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2010

The IIS(Internal Insulation System) is applied in most Korean apartment buildings which are the most common type of residential buildings. Consequently, there are many cases in which the layer of insulation is disconnected by the structural components at the wall-slab and wall-wall joints in the envelope. These joints become thermal bridges where the risk of heat loss increases. It is expected that the EIFS(External Insulation and Finish System) is the solution to this problem. In this study, annual heating and cooling loads of apartment buildings with IIS and EIFS were compared using Design Builder program in order to evaluate the thermal storage effect of EIFS where the concrete thermal mass is located inside of the insulation material. As results, the apartment building with EIFS could reduce annual heating and cooling loads by 2.4% and 4.1%, respectively.