• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.49-56
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• 2013

The goal of this research is to explore quantitative and residential features and spatial patterns of two-person households to suggest policy implications for housing supply and development in Seoul. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the number of two-person households has increased rapidly mainly due to the growth of the elderly and single-parent households. They are mainly composed of the elderly over 60s and the youth of 30s of householder age. They are less likely to have well-paying jobs, and thus more likely to suffer from poverty. They are also inclined to live in rental and small-sized residential units and spatial segregation between the youth and the elderly became serious. In addition, their residential area can be classified into four types: area adjacent to employment centers, hinterland of urban centers, affordable multi-family housing area and redeveloped apartment area. It is necessary to change the current housing policy directions to take changing population and household structure into consideration. Also, diversified housing strategies and programs should be prepared to consider various household types and their needs and demands. Place-based strategies for housing supply and development are needed in consideration of spatial patterns and locational attributes of two-person households. Attention needs to be paid to resolving the social issue of residential segregation between different generations.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.29-39
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• 1997

Elderly people should have a great load because of life in facility away from their a community. It needs careful concern for Public spaces. The mayor questions of this thesis are to seek a correlation of a Layout patterns of Public-spaces and Resident's behaviors in Public spaces ; and to seek a correlation of a Layout patterns of Public-spaces and the scale of Paid residential care facilities for Elderly people in Korea and Japan. Finally, the thesis suggests the layout patterns of public spaces that is suitable to scale of facilities and Elderly people's behaviors.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.3-11
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• 2006

Our residential architecture and furniture have developed their unique formative characteristics under the influence of the natural environment as well as under socio-cultural influence. In order to understand such characteristics of our residential architecture and furniture, we need to clarify similarities and differences through comparative study from various perspectives. The present study purposed to examine the effects of mutual relations among Yangban's residential architecture and their furniture in the Chosun Dynasty on their formative characteristics, to identify the formative characteristics of shapes, materials, colors, patterns and decorations found in the residential architecture and their furniture, and to make a comparative analysis of the formative characteristics of the residential buildings and their furniture. This research will provide a ground for reinterpreting our culture and help to apply Korean culture identity to today's interior and furniture design.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.13-23
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• 2014

This study explores the daily life patterns and housing adjustment behaviors of low-income Korean elderly immigrants residing in affordable housing in the Chicago metropolitan area. Utilizing an intercultural perspective, the study focuses on identifying the immigrants' their cultural attributes of daily living and coping responses to residential misfits. These housing adjustment behaviors are classified into five modes consisting of residential mobility, structural adaptation, residential alteration, normative adaptation, and behavioral adaptation. Two-hour in-depth interviews with open-ended questions were conducted with 138 participants from 15 affordable housing complexes. Collected information includes demographic data, immigration experiences and cultural identity, daily life patterns, as well as housing evaluation and housing adjustment behaviors. The study results indicate that many research participants maintained their cultural attributes of daily living accumulated from past experiences (i.e. mostly based upon Korean cultural contexts), but also made adjustments as they complied with their aging body and new living conditions. This also reflects that immigrants' cultural needs are not limited to the use of language and ethnic goods, but are also embedded deeply in their daily life patterns to influence one's uses of the dwellings in a broader sense. All five modes of housing adjustment behaviors were observed with research participants within their residential settings. More importantly, normative and behavioral adaptations along with residential alterations occurred more simultaneously rather than sequentially when the respondents perceived discrepancy between oneself (i.e. including one's attributes, needs, and preferences) and his/her dwelling.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.3 s.50
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• pp.208-215
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the personality type and the residential evaluation & remodeling preference. The subjects of this investigation were collected through questionnaire from two hundred and twelve adult residents who live in Seoul, Korea. The collected cases are analyzed by using statistics software spss-win. The personality is classified eight types; E(extraversion), I(introversion), S(sensing), N(intuition), T(thinking), F(feeling), J(judging) and P(perceiving) in MBTI (Myers Briggs Type Indicator). By using the rotated component matrix of varimax method, the satisfaction of the actual residential conditions is classified into seven grouping factors. The preference of interior image is classified into thirteen factors. The important living patterns - activity, interest, and opinion - are classified into ten factors. And the important needs of residential remodeling are classified into twelve factors. By using the one way anova method, between these forty two grouping factors and personality type MBTI, there are analyzed several significances that will be useful in residential design and remodeling design & planning

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.92-101
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• 1998

Location patterns of protected horticulture were analyzed using a multiple correspondence analysis(MCA). The analysis could be used in evaluating location suitability of protected horticulture. The location factors of the protected horticulture for MCA include land category, size of protected horticulture, land slope, topography, effictive soil depth, irrigation and drainage condition, distance from roads, and so forth. The results showed that there were three different location patterns of protected horticulture. The first pattern was characterized by their nearness to villages. The facilities of this pattern were mainly located near to residential area. The second pattern was of those found in plain area. The facilities of this pattern were large in scale and located in paddy field far from residential area. The facilities of the last pattern were small in scale and located on nonpaddy fields. They were mostly found in hilly or mountainous area.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-50
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• 1992

The aim of this paper is to define major factors influencing land development of each of major uses (residential, commercial, industrial) in the process of rapid urban expansion. The main hypothesis of this study is that land use changing patterns are directed by supply side of land managed to public policies rather than demand side. The graphic analysis is applied to relationships between urban growth and land development process of each use and between land development project managed to public policies and land development process. Public and land development projects and zonning protection seem to be major roles of land supply and main determinants of urban spatial structure. Location factors for land development of each uses are selected in 23 variables. Factor analysis is applied to test correlation between variables in 1971 and 1981. Factor structure between two years is similar, but progressive processing of functional separation is derived such as intensive land use is grouped, different location between residential and industrial use is deep. Dependent variables are standardized to logarithm of land development of each use per unit vacant land in two periods, between 1971 and 1980 year and between 1981 year. Correlation analysis between 6 dependent variables and 23 location factors in each years are applied. Major factors of each use are selected in criteria such as high correlation with dependent variables, low correlation between independent variables and common application in two periods. As the result, major factors for residential land development are Land Readjustment Project (LRP), percent of total zoned area in residential zone, residential floor space density per available area, percent of total area in industrial use; for commercial development is distance to CBD, percent of total area in commercial use, residential floor space density per available area in each year, and volumn rate of industrial use; for industrial use is percent of total area of industrial use is percent of total area of industrial use, Industrial Estate Project (IES), LRP, and distance from CBD. Land development pattern of each use between two periods are slightly different. So 6 equation is derived from appling backward method of regession. Adjusted multiple R squares of all is more than 0.5 and those equation is statistically significant and valuable to assist urban land use forecasting.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

The new apartments has been rapidly built through the outskirts of Cheong-ju city since the latter half of 1980's. So, the population decreased in Seong-an dong and Jung-ang dong which are located in traditional urban area of Cheong-ju. Also, residential areas became obsolete and residential buildings happened to be vacant and empty. For urban rehabilitation, the city authorities will construct the high-rise complex housings with stores in the traditional urban area. We have doubts about whether the rapid change of new housing construction is right or not. Therefore, It is necessary to give a correct diagnosis of the present state from urban atrophy, keeping this area sustainable with traditionality and locality. This study is to examine and analysis in detail distribution patterns and habitable floor area by house types in Seong-an dong and Jung-ang dong which are located in traditional urban area of Cheong-ju. The result are as follows; the residential buildings as the 2,680 houses(including detached and apartment houses) and the 804 shop houses are distributed with 3,484(67%) of the whole 5,183 buildings and form 28percent of the whole floor areas. A distribution and area ratio of houses to shop houses is irrespectively about 76 : 24percent. The average floor area is represented with $66m^2$/household and $28.5m^2$/person. It shows that a hollowing out of urban area has caused the surplus of residential buildings and floor areas.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Objectives: Personal exposure to air pollution is affected by contact over time and by location. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between personal exposure to $PM_{2.5}$ and the time-activity patterns of the elderly in urban and rural areas. Methods: A total of 44 elderly participants were recruited for a 24-hour $PM_{2.5}$ personal exposure measurement. Twenty-four were from Seoul (urban area) and 20 were from Asan (rural area). Energy expenditure and spatiotemporal positioning were monitored through $PM_{2.5}$ measurement. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between $PM_{2.5}$ and time-activity pattern. Results: Daily average $PM_{2.5}$ personal exposures were $19.1{\pm}9.7{\mu}g/m^3$ in Seoul and $29.1{\pm}16.9{\mu}g/m^3$ in Asan. Although outdoor exposure was higher in Seoul than in Asan, residential indoor exposure was higher in Asan than in Seoul. Higher $PM_{2.5}$ personal exposure in Asan could be explained by longer time in residential indoor environments and higher indoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations. Seoul elderly had higher energy expenditure, which may be due to the use of mass transportation. Conclusion: Personal exposure to $PM_{2.5}$ was higher among Asan elderly than Seoul elderly because of high residential indoor concentrations and longer residential time. Lack of energy spent and higher personal exposure to $PM_{2.5}$ might have led to higher risk among the Asan elderly.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.127-138
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• 2019

This study was to evaluate the walking speed of elderly people by using the travel route big data collected by travel diary and smart phone application. We analyzed the change of walking behavior in the residential street environments of the elderly whether they had a company or not. We interpreted the meaning based on previous studies. In addition, the characteristics of elderly people's use of the residential street environment were analyzed by comparing the change in spatial speed according to the companion. The result reveals that the usage patterns of the residential street environments change depending on whether they were accompanied or not. First, the elderly tend to do more social activities while walking alone than when they were accompanied. When they were accompanied the social activities occur in empty lot near the residential area. However, the social activities of the elderly occur in open space such as neighborhood park or playground while walking alone. Finally, This study has strength that it empirically analyzes the elderly's walking behavior and usage paths in small outdoor spaces, including residential streets.