• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4D
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• pp.553-557
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• 2006

The traffic flow of a vehicle is an essential existence in a city, and is a part of a living aiming at the city citizen's activity. Hereafter, this flow will increase gradually, thus even a proper countermeasure against this will be required to arrange for. However, it will need to present a proper countermeasure against a threat of the roads surrounding a residential area where is a living space of the city citizen, being occurred according to this. It aims to maximize the effect of Traffic Calming technique through maintaining the special environment and facilities being possessed only by our country's living roads. This study did carry out and consider the analysis of a primary factor through a field survey, an experiment and SPSS, in relation to an issue of which influence of factors as for the domestic traffic environment different from a foreign country has on introducing and applying the technique of Traffic Calming to the domestic nation. As the results through the evaluation experiment and the primary-factor analysis, it could be seen being influenced largely by six factors such as a pedestrian's safety facilities which influence on the traffic environment in case of applying Traffic Calming, a mechanical factor to lower speed, a factor as to a street scene, a factor as to a pedestrian's passing condition given, a factor of a pedestrian's convenience and environment, and a visual factor of a vehicle's deceleration.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.8-16
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristic of thermal environment in the summer season by conducting the field observation of temperature, relative humidity, and globe temperature in some parts of the city. Observation point was divided to a densely populated area, a residential area, a green area, a waterfront green area and a suburban district by the distribution ratio of green area. In this study, the correlation between maximum temperature and globe temperature, study on index for intensity of the tropical night and the temperature distribution characteristic of measurement points by the distribution ratio of green area were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. (1) The difference between temperature and globe temperature by the distribution ratio of green area is confirmed. The difference of nighttime is more clearly that of daytime. (2) The average temperature and globe temperature of the densely populated area($29.2^{\circ}C$, $33.7^{\circ}C$) are higher than that of the waterfront green area($27.9^{\circ}C$, $32.0^{\circ}C$) by $1.3^{\circ}C$ and $1.7^{\circ}C$, respectively. (3) The number of tropical nights has different days of tropical nights by the distribution ratio of green area of 17days for the Daegu weather station, 14days for adensely populated area, 14days for a residential area, 6days for a green area, 2days for a waterfront green area, and 2days for a suburban district. (4) The results of the slope of trend line for the effects of the temperature on globe temperature change and the intercept for the size of the impact of radiant energy gained around by the analysis of the correlation between the maximum temperature and globe temperature can be utilized objective evaluation index of the each point's artificial effects.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.10
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• pp.323-328
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• 2014

ZigBee based on the most vulnerable part of u-Healthcare system that uses the ZigBee communication is the wireless section. ZigBee communication sectors to identify vulnerabilities in this paper, we propose to compensate. ZigBee has been raised from the existing vulnerabilities organize and ZigBee also uses the 64bit address that uniquely identifies a vulnerability that was defined as exposure. And to prevent the exposure of a unique identifying address was used to address a temporary identification. ZigBee security services, the proposed system during the Network Key for encryption only use one mechanism of Residential Mode is used. Residential Mode on all nodes of the entire network because they use a common key, the key is stolen, your network's security system at a time are at risk of collapse. Therefore, in order to guard against these risks to the security policy Network Key updated periodically depending on the method used to. The proposed evaluation and comparative analysis of the system were exposed in the existing system can hide the address that uniquely identifies a public key Network Key also updated periodically, so that leaks can occur due to reduced risk.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1579-1587
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• 2013

This study was performed to evaluate the asbestos exposure levels and to calculate excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) for the risk assessment of the asbestos fibers released from asbestos-cement slate roofing (ASR) building. Total number of ASR buildings was into 21,267 in Busan, and 82.03 percent of the buildings was residential houses, and 43.61 percent of the buildings was constructed in 1970s. For this study, ten buildings were selected randomly among the ASR buildings. The range of airborne asbestos concentration in the selected ten ASR buildings was from 0.0016 to 0.0067 f/mL, and the concentration around no-admitted ASR buildings was higher than that around admitted buildings. The ELCR based on US EPA IRIS (integrated risk information system) model is within 3.5E-05 ~ 1.5E-04 levels, and the ELCR of no-admitted ASR buildings was higher than 1.0E-04 (one person per million) level that is considered a more aggressive approach to mitigate risk. These results indicate that the cancer risk from ASR buildings is higher than other buildings, and systematic public management is required for control of no-admitted ASR buildings within near future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 2013

This study investigated the elements of soundscape in and around the traditional Korean style housing complex and the standardized Korean style housing complex popularized as farm village by Traditional Korean style housing assistance policy located in the rural area of Jeollanam-do. The purpose of this study is to understand the phenomenon and characteristic differences of the sound environments in various observation points in order to utilize them as the important elements of sound scape to consider for standardized Korean style housing complex development in the future. As a result, the traditional housing in rural area led more positive evaluation of nature sounds than standardized, newly developed Korean style housing complex. In the list of noises in each residential development type, traffic sounds and construction noise were majorly ranked. However, nature sounds had high rate of response in the sounds of introduction request. Additionally, the sounds generated by human activities such as whispering and footsteps were also in the wish list. This may suggests that soundscape design needs to approach in cultural level of a society rather than simple investigation and treatment of individual sounds of natural and artificial.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2015

Recently, some researchers have been carried out risk assessment of vehicles exhaust on human health. Especially, some of VOCs which is non-controlled, was classified to hazardous pollutant, such as 1,3-Butadiene and BTEX(Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene). Therefore, the profile on non-controlled pollutant may be needed in the future, because it would be critical data or information to control them. Additionally, with increasing amount of motorcycle, the source profiling is essential for estimating emission factor and amount on motorcycle exhaust. For these, in this study, imported motorcycles (8 vehicles) were selected as a test model while considering the increasing ratio on sales volume between 2013 and 2014; it was also compared with domestic motorcycles on those. The experiment was conducted by driving mode, UDC and ECE+EUDC that made from EURO III. In addition, it was performed at cold start driving mode without effect by displacement, for evaluating only correlation of BTEX with HC. In order to apply the ratio (m,p-Xylene/o-Xylene) as a marker, the ratio was compared with those of tunnel, road side and residential area. As a result, it showed best correlation ($R^2=0.98$) among those. In the future, it has to be considered as a marker for effect evaluation to atmospheric environment by exhaust emission.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.320-329
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was reducing the moisture accumulation in a wall, which can threaten the structural safety of light-frame wall and make residential environment poor. For the purpose, the laboratory test was carried out with different wall assemblies. Vapor retarder and air gap for ventilation were added to the typical wall. The improved performance of the proposed walls was examined through the test with distinct difference of temperature and relative humidity between outdoor and indoor air conditions. Increased dampproofing performance of additional vapor retarder was effective on reduction of moisture transmission from inside the house into the wall. However, unexpected high relative humidity was shown in the wall with two additional vapor retarder because of excessive dampproofing performance or inadequate location of vapor retarder. And, the open air gap induced the moisture transfer from inside the wall into outdoor air by ventilation. If the alternative to the induction of moisture transmission from inside the house into the wall with open air gap can be found, moisture reduction effect of that will be increased obviously.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.19-29
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• 2022

Previous studies on the factors affecting residents' migration have shown that residents who feel dissatisfied with their residential environment are more likely to move to another area than those who feel satisfied. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the subjective evaluation of the decline of the place and its impact on the intention to stay. This study used the data from Hankyoreh 21 survey of the residents who have been residing in the declining regions. The main finding of this study is that residents have a much higher propensity to stay as they become older. The fact that residents' staying intention tends to increase with age seems to be closely related to physical and economic constraints of older residents. Therefore, it can be inferred from the result that the elderly are more likely to be exposed to disadvantageous environments than the young residents in the declining regions.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.297-304
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• 2018

Coptis chinensis is used in oriental medicine for soothing, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial and antipyretic properties, and its main ingredient berberine is known to have strong antibacterial activity. In this study, we investigated the anti-microbial effect of hot water extract of Coptis chinensis (CW) on skin related microorganism and the airborne microbe, the antifungal effects of fungi, which are frequently detected in residential environments. CW showed antibacterial effect against Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, against the airborne microbe, which was collected in four different places. At the concentration of 100 mg/mL, the antimicrobial activity continued for 42 days, showed heat stability without change in the antimicrobial activity even after heat treatment. The MIC and MBC of CW against S. aureus was 0.03, 0.05 mg/mL, against S. epidermidis was 0.50, 0.75 mg/mL and against P. acne was 0.10, 0.15 mg/mL. As a result of measuring the MIC of four kinds of fungi with high detection frequency in the surrounding environment, Gliocladium virens was 65 mg/mL by determined as MIC which can inhibit one hundred percent of mycelial growth. The concentration 90 mg/mL was determined as MIC against Aureobasidium pullulans and 100 mg/mL against Penicilium pinophilum and Chaetomium globosum. CW was considered a safe extract that showed no irritation even in the ocular mucous membrane irritation evaluation test, a patch test. Therefore, these results suggest that Coptis chinensis has antimicrobial, antifungal and safety on human body and can be applied to the development of materials for cosmetic and residential environment industries.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.16-24
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• 2007

An investigation on the polluted sediments in the Lake Sihwa and the benthos that inhabited on the sediments was conducted. Cost effective remediation alternatives were derived form the results of the investigation. The sediment samples taken from four sampling points out of thirteen showed relatively high heavy metal (particularly copper) concentrations which exceeded the Effects Range Low (ERL) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA. The four sampling points were located in front of industrial complexes. Although the heavy metals appeared to have affected the growth of the benthos, the concentration of it did not exceed the criteria of dredging that were developed by Netherlands or the State of Washington, USA. However, contamination by organic matters and sulfur compounds was severe, which exceeded the criteria of dredging that were established in Japan. The sediments taken from the four sampling points which were contaminated with heavy metals showed higher organic matter content in general. The organic matters in the sediments depleted oxygen in summer, which appeared to be fatal to the benthos. A comprehensive analysis on the sediments, benthos, and other environmental impact from the contaminated sediments drew a conclusion that the benthonic environment of the Lake Sihwa needed a stepwise remediation, giving a particular emphasis on the clean up of the sediments upstram of the Lake which could cause odor problems to the nearby residential area.