• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.32-38
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• 2023

This study deals with arbitration award via modern technical means; because e-Arbitration is deemed to be one of the most important substitute means for the settlement of disputes arising from electronic transactions. This type of arbitration is characterized by fast settlement of disputes, as well as fast enforcement of awards rendered thereon. The researcher seeks to indicate the content of the award, the conditions for rendering it, and to analyze the legal provisions related to its legal basis in the Saudi Law of Arbitration. This study shows that an arbitration award, rendered via modern technical means has a number of advantages, such as fast settlement, less cost, and keeping pace with modern technology, which is an aim of Saudi Arabia Vision 2030. The study also points out certain problems facing arbitration via technical means; however, the most important of which is the insufficiency of some legal rules associated with traditional arbitration, as contained in the Saudi Law of Arbitrator, which are incompatible with or applicable to an arbitration award which is rendered via modern means.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

This paper develops a generalized framework for the analysis of multicarrier communication system, using a generic pair of transmitters- and receiver side terraforms, Q_τ | Q_R, such that the DFT-transform based "conventional OFDM" is its special case. This analysis framework is then used to propose and prove theorems on various performance metrics of a multicarrier communication system, which will apply to any system that fits the architecture, which most will do. The analysis framework also derives previously unknown closed-form expressions for these metrics, such as how the performance degradation due to carrier frequency offset or timing synchronization error, amongst others, are function of generic transforms. While extensive work exists on the impact of these challenges on conventional OFDM, how are these functions of transform matrices is unknown in the literature. It will be shown, how the analysis of OFDM based system is special case of analysis in this paper. This paper is Part I of three paper series, where the other two supplements the arguments present here.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.21-29
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• 2024

Precoding of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with Walsh Hadamard transform (WHT) is known in the literature. Instead of performing WHT precoding and inverse discrete Fourier transform separately, a product of two matrix can yield a new matrix that can be applied with lower complexity. This resultant transform, T-transform, results in T-OFDM. This paper extends the limited existing work on T-OFDM significantly by presenting detailed account of its computational complexity, a lower complexity receiver design, an expression for PAPR and its cumulative distribution function (cdf), sensitivity of T-OFDM to timing synchronization errors, and novel analytical expressions signal to noise ratio (SNR) for multiple equalization techniques. Simulation results are presented to show significant improvements in PAPR performance, as well improvement in bit error rate (BER) in Rayleigh fading channel. This paper is Part II of a three-paper series on alternative transforms and many of the concepts and result refer to and stem from results in generalized multicarrier communication (GMC) system presented in Part I of this series.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.23
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• pp.263-302
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• 2008

The study had four purposes as follows; First, the researcher tried to find the characteristics of conflict. Second, the researcher attempted to find the factors influencing the conflict between mother and the eldest son, Third, the study attempted to find the therapist's intervention techniques, which were caused the change of the conflict between mother and the eldest son. Lastly, the study was to find the changed contents of family relationships. The total family counseling was 13 sessions, which included individual and family counseling. The study used constant comparative analysis by using open coding method to find the factors. Also, the researcher used Miles and Huberman's matrix and graphical network display to show the relationships among factors influencing the conflicts between mother and the eldest son. The study found the boundary problem of family, family's undifferentiated ego, dysfunctional communication patterns, and mother's experience from family of origin as factors influencing the conflict between mother and the eldest son. On the other hand, the study found that the therapist used the formation of therapeutic alliance relationship, guide of communication skills, the reflection of repeated pattern, reframing and a metaphor as intervention methods. The result of study revealed that changed level of family relationship, activating functional communication, changed boundary among family members, differentiated ego of family members, and changed cognition as the changed contents of family relationship.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2004

The study purpose was to find which factors affect selection of hospital network types. This study used the 1998 American Hospital Association Annual Survey Database from Health Forum. Among these U.S. hospitals, the researcher selected hospitals located in Metropolitan Statistical Areas. Therefore the final observation cases for analysis are 1,971 Metropolitan Statistical Area hospitals in the United States. To identify significant variables influencing hospital network types, the study used proportional odds logistics regression model on population size, Health Maintenance Organization penetration rate, and market competition rate of area including a hospital, types of hospital ownership, hospital bed size, proportion of Medicare patients and Medicaid patients in total hospital patients, and occupancy rate. Contrary to conventional wisdom, selection of hospital network types was influenced by population size of area which a hospital located, types of ownership, hospital bed size, and proportion of medicare patients rather than Health Maintenance Organization penetration. Population size 1,000,000-2,499,999 had the highest probability of selecting type IV (clinical-vertical integration) from an independent hospital, and a religious group owned hospitals and for-profit owned hospitals had the highest probability of selecting Type IV (clinical-vertical integration) from an independent hospital. A bed size had positive relation on selecting Type IV (clinical-vertical integration) from an independent hospital. Unlikely general belief that the selecting types of hospital network was determined by the change of health insurance policy such as Health Maintenance Organizations and Preferred Provider Organizations, the types of hospital network were influenced by community characteristics such as population size, and hospital characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.674-682
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• 2014

This study aims to analyze STEAM-related articles and to look into the trend of research to present implications for research directions in the future. To achieve the research purpose, the researcher searched by key words, 'STEAM' and 'Convergence Education' through the RISS. Subjects of analysis were titles of 181 articles in journal articles and conference papers published from 2011 through 2013. Through an analysis of the frequency of the texts that appeared in the titles of the papers, key words were selected, the co-occurrence matrix of the key words was established, and using network maps, degree centrality and betweenness centrality, and structural equivalence, a network text analysis was carried out. For the analysis, KrKwic, KrTitle, UCINET and NetMiner Program were used, and the results were as follows: in the result of the text frequency analysis, the key words appeared in order of 'program', 'development', 'base' and 'application'. Through the network among the texts, a network built up with core hubs such as 'program', 'development', 'elementary' and 'application' was found, and in the degree centrality analysis, 'program', 'elementary', 'development' and 'science' comprised key issues at a relatively high value, which constituted the pivot of the network. As a result of the structural equivalence analysis, regarding the types of their respective relations, it was analyzed that there was a similarity in four clusters such as the development of a program (1), analysis of effects (2) and the establishment of a theoretical base (1).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.680-683
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• 2001

As the rapid information communication technique, internet users have been continuously increasing every year, but on the other hand many damages have occurred on the internet because of dysfunction for computer system intrusion. To reduce damages, network and system security mechanism is variously developed by researcher, IDS(Intrusion Detection System) is commercialized to security technique. In this paper we describe for intrusion detection based on network, we design and implement IDS to detect illegal intrusion using misuse detection model. Implemented IDS can detect various intrusion types. When IDS detected illegal intrusion, we implemented for administrator to be possible management and control through mechanisms of alert message transmission, mail transmission, mail at the remote.

• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2021

This paper was conducted to prevent and respond to crimes by predicting crimes based on artificial intelligence. While the quality of life is improving with the recent development of science and technology, various problems such as poverty, unemployment, and crime occur. Among them, in the case of crime problems, the importance of crime prediction increases as they become more intelligent, advanced, and diversified. For all crimes, it is more critical to predict and prevent crimes in advance than to deal with them well after they occur. Therefore, in this paper, we predicted crime types and crime tools using the Multiclass Logistic Regression algorithm and Multiclass Neural Network algorithm of machine learning. Multiclass Logistic Regression algorithm showed higher accuracy, precision, and recall for analysis and prediction than Multiclass Neural Network algorithm. Through these analysis results, it is expected to contribute to a more pleasant and safe life by implementing a crime prediction system that predicts and prevents various crimes. Through further research, this researcher plans to create a model that predicts the probability of a criminal committing a crime again according to the type of offense and deploy it to a web service.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.526-534
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the effects of a network program to prevent obesity and improve dietary habits for patients taking antipsychotics or antidepressants. Method: Thirty-seven patients in two hospitals were assigned to a control group (21 patients) or an intervention group ( 16 patients). The intervention group was evaluated to analyze the effect of the network program for six weeks after the program. Result: There was a difference in the rate of increased body weight between the control group and the intervention group. Notably, the body weight of both groups before the intervention was significantly increased. However, after the intervention the body weight of the intervention group rarely increased, whereas, the body weight of the control group was significantly increased as expected. There was an observed difference in diet between the control group and the intervention group. After the intervention, caloric intake per day of the intervention group decreased. Also, the duration of the meal of the intervention group after the intervention was longer than before. Conclusion: The network program for preventing obesity and improving dietary habits of patients taking antipsychotics or antidepressants was effective. The study shows that a network program can be an important part of a nursing intervention in clinical practice.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1961-1972
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• 2014

Recently, with the increasing of the interest in the integration of medical technology and information communication technology, researches on WBAN (Wireless Body Area Networks) that try to apply sensor network to the human body have been processed actively. The existing sensor network technology has the potential to be used in WBAN, but it has some limitations also. In particular, because the sensors are likely to communicate through each part of the body, it has a very different network environment from the sensor network that uses a free space. Therefore, researches on WBAN have a variety area of study that slightly different from the conventional sensor networks and take into account the characteristics of the body. In this study, we investigate the environmental characteristics of WBAN that are separated from the conventional sensor network, and the research trends of WBAN systematically by using the technique of SLR (Systematic Literature Review) from 2001 around when the concept of WBAN has been introduced. The investigation includes the classification of research and the researcher's features. And the survey results and the outlook for further study are summarized.