• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.548-557
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• 2023

The purposes of this research were to identify fish species using DNA barcodes or partial sequences of cytochrome b (Cytb) and to assess the diversity of fish in the Mae Tam reservoir, Phayao province, Thailand. Fish samples were collected 3 times, during the winter, summer, and rainy seasons, from 2 sampling sites using gillnets with 3 mesh sizes (30, 50, and 70 mm). A total of 34 representative samples were classified into 12 species, 7 families and 6 orders by morphological- and DNA barcoding-based identifications. However, one cichlid species, Cichlasoma trimaculatum, could only be identified using DNA barcoding. Family Cyprinidae had the greatest diversity, 50.00%. The diversity, richness and evenness indices ranged from 0.43-0.65, 0.64-1.46, and 0.27-0.40, respectively, indicating that fish diversity at both sampling sites was relatively low. A comparison of the catch per unit effort (CPUE) with 3 different mesh sizes found that the 50 mm mesh size was the best (474.80 ± 171.56 g/100 m²/night), followed by the 70 mm (417.41 ± 176.24 g/100 m²/night) and 30 mm mesh sizes (327.88 ± 115.60 g/100 m²/night). These results indicate that DNA barcoding is a powerful tool for species identification. Our data can be used for planning the sustainable management of fisheries resources in the Mae Tam reservoir.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.725-738
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• 2013

The National Ecosystem Survey in Korea provides information to policy makers for preservation of natural environment and implementation of international agreement. The 1st and 2nd National Ecosystem Survey were carried out between 1986 and 1990, and between 1997 and 2005, respectively. The 3rd National Ecosystem Survey began in 2006 and ended in 2012. In 2013 the pilot survey for the 4th National Ecosystem Survey is ongoing. The 4th National Ecosystem Survey due to the revision of the Natural Environment Conservation Act which has been done every 10 years would change into every five years. It is planned to be conducted from 2014 to 2018. The survey method of the 4th National Ecosystem Survey has been modified to obtain more accurate data for many taxa. The survey for a nocturnal animals will be introduced. In addition, monitoring by setting the grid will get quantitative data seasonally. The vegetation survey will be conducted with a mobile device contained files of aerial image maps including classified vegetation map. National Ecosystem Survey will be improved as follows. First, each survey methods suitable for the purpose should be developed. Second, monitoring methods for obtaining quantitative data should be developed. Finally, the research using the data should be developed in the field of not only ecosystem and biological diversity but also habitat assessment.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2008

Marine fisheries are important natural resources and must be maintained, especially fish species that are important sources of food. Despite the increase in stocking programs to maintain fisheries with artificially raised fish, the genetic impact stocking has on the wild fry population has not been addressed. Genetic variation in rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus, within and between wild-caught parents and the $F_1$ generation produced by them in 1 day was assayed using nine highly variable micro satellite markers. The nine micro satellite loci used in this study displayed diverse polymorphisms, and in total, 98 different alleles were observed over all loci. Differences in genetic variability of the $F_1$ offspring compared to their wild-caught parents (brood stock) were observed in terms of allele frequency, gene diversity, and heterozygosity. Although the $F_1$ generation of rock bream was missing 16% of the micro satellite alleles, no significant reduction was found in mean heterozygosity of the $F_1$ population compared to the brood stock. Eight of nine loci showed significant Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) deviations in the $F_1$ population, while the brood stock deviated from HWE at three micro satellite loci (KOF85, KOF360 and KOF374). These deviations showed mostly a deficit of heterozygotes. Our results provide evidence for genetic differences in the $F_1$ hatchery offspring compared to their wild-caught parents and reinforce the need for a series of consecutive egg collections to avoid the loss of genetic variability. This also further underscores the importance of monitoring genetic variability of hatchery populations for the conservation of natural rock bream resources.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.32-32
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to provide basic guidelines for conservation and management of endangered plants in the national parks of Korea. Iris dichotoma Pall. (Iridaceae), which is a popular garden plant, is considered a second-class endangered species by Korean government and it is listed as a EN (Endangered) species in Red Data Book of Korea. We analyzed ecological conditions of I. dichotoma habitats based on vegetation properties and soil characteristics. This species which is known to inhabit in grassland adjacent to the ocean of lowlands slope and its population was located at an elevation of 8 m to 11 m. In the study sites, the mean of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and soil pH were 6.16%, 0.234% and 5.39 respectively. Additionally, the genetic variation and structure of three populations were assessed using ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) markers. The genetic diversity of I. dichotoma (P = 59.46%, H = 0.206, S = 0.310) at the species level was relatively high. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed 82.1% of the total genetic diversity was occurred in within populations and 17.9% variation among populations. Lastly, we developed predicted distribution model based on climate and topographic factors by applying SDMs (Species Distribution Models). Consequently, current status of I. dichotoma habitats is limited with natural factors such as the increase of the coverage rate of the herbs due to ecological succession. Therefore, it is essential to establish in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for protecting natural habitats and to require exploring potential and alternative habitats for reintroduction.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2021

Studies on marine zooplankton diversity and ecology are important for understanding marine ecosystem, as well as environmental conservation and fisheries management. DNA metabarcoding is known as a useful tool to reveal and understand diversity among animals, but a comparative evaluation with classical microscopy is still required in order to properly use it for marine zooplankton research. This study compared crustacean mesozooplankton taxa revealed by morphological analysis and metabarcoding of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI). A total of 17 crustacean species were identified by morphological analysis, and 18 species by metabarcoding. Copepods made up the highest proportion of taxa, accounting for more than 50% of the total number of species delineated by both methods. Cladocerans were not found by morphological analysis, whereas amphipods and mysids were not detected by metabarcoding. Unlike morphological analysis, metabarcoding was able to identify decapods down to the species level. There were some discrepancies in copepod species, which could be due to a lack of genetic database, or biases during DNA extraction, amplification, pooling and bioinformatics. Morphological analysis will be useful for ecological studies as it can classify and quantify the life history stages of marine zooplankton that metabarcoding cannot detect. Metabarcoding can be a powerful tool for determining marine zooplankton diversity, if its methods or database are further supplemented.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.949-957
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• 2024

There has been a growing interest in skin beauty and antimelanogenic products. Melanogenesis is the process of melanin synthesis whereby melanocytes are activated by UV light or hormone stimulation to produce melanin. Melanogenesis is mediated by several enzymes, such as tyrosinase (TYR), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2. In this study, we investigated the effect of Tuber himalayense extract on melanin synthesis in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-treated B16F10 melanoma cells. We confirmed that T. himalayense extract was not toxic to α-MSH-treated B16F10 melanoma cells and exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 ㎍/ml. Additionally, the T. himalayense extract inhibited melanin, TRP-1, TRP-2, tyrosinase, and MITF, which are enzymes involved in melanin synthesis, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, T. himalayense extract inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. Therefore, we hypothesized that various components of T. himalayense extract affect multiple factors involved in melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. Our results indicate that T. himalayense extract could potentially be used as a new material for preparing whitening cosmetics.

• 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물학회 2005년도 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea
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• pp.33-35
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• 2005

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2006년도 한국약용작물학회 공동춘계학술발표회
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• pp.148-149
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• 2006

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2023

다양성과 관련된 문제는 글로벌 시대의 도래와 함께 사회 전반에서 매우 중요한 이슈로 다루어지고 있다. 이러한 이슈는 교육의 영역에서도 강조되고 있으며 역사적으로 교육적 혜택으로부터 소외되어 왔던 사회적 그룹들에 대한 신중한 고려가 요구되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 학교 내 다양성 문제를 해결하기 위한 미국의 사례를 구체적으로 소개하고 우리나라 교육에서 다양성 문제를 다루기 위해 적용할 수 있는 시사점에 대해 논의하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 미국 스미스소니언 과학교육센터의 프로그램 내용과 2019년-2020년도에 참여한 교사들을 대상으로 수행된 설문조사 결과를 구체적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 해당 프로그램은 다양성과 관련된 문제에 대해 다양한 관점에 대한 경험을 제공하고, 문제 상황과 원인에 대해 그 의미를 심도 있게 다룰 수 있도록 지원하며, 목표와 실행 계획을 구체적으로 설정하고 결과 예상을 통해 평가 및 수정할 수 있도록 안내하는 등의 특징을 보였다. 이러한 특징은 참여자들에게 학습과 경험, 그리고 문제 해결을 위한 방향의 설정에 있어서 의미있는 효과를 보이고 있었다. 이러한 내용은 우리나라 교육이 현재 그리고 앞으로 직면하게 될 학교 내 다양성 문제를 다루기 위한 방안을 구상하는 데 있어서 매우 중요한 시사점을 제공한다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.22-37
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• 2002

The importance of selecting the strategic research field is increasingly emphasized by research manager and technology policy-maker in perspective of the strategic allocation of R&D resources, employing the R&D personnel, and formulating technology policy. Among various methods for selecting the strategic research field, it is, however, very difficult to find the method that involves the path-dependant trend, and interdisciplinary nature of technology development. This study suggests modified technology cluster analysis (TCA) as a method for selecting strategic research field in order to include the recent technology trend in quantitative approach. TCA is the method that groups the near technologies of which the innovation pattern is similar. TCA model can be a very necessary method for multidisciplinary government research institutes (GRIs) which conduct multi research field with forward oriented positioning. It is more difficult for them to select the strategic research field mainly due to their diversity and intangibility of research scope. In this study, we applied this method to Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) which represents the most adequate research institute in terms of research diversity and forwardness. As a result of the application, we found that seven main technology groups come from TCA analysis, coincide with the technology topics of KIST's recent R&D planning. Even though this method designed for multidisciplinary research institutes, but it also can be used for establishing the research strategy of other (private or public) Research Institute which have the similar mission and scope of research.