• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.323-335
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• 2017

Recently, Korea is facing a trend of a fast-paced change towards a multi-cultural society, accompanied by the consequential increase in population and many changes in the peripheral environment. Particularly, the influx of multi-cultural families in Ansan City is increasing every year, but their housing environment remains in poor conditions. Actually, the research on housing policy for multi-cultural families and their housing satisfaction is restrictive. It is therefore necessary to research on how to overcome this problem, and what realistic policy alternatives are required. The purpose of this study is to present some policy alternatives to improve the housing satisfaction of the Korean-Chinese residing in Ansan City. To this end, this study conducted empirical analysis with a focus on Korea-Chinese multi-cultural families living in Ansan City through a questionnaire. As the analysis method, this study conducted frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, cross analysis, and regression analysis, and used the statistical package-SPSS 20.0 as an analysis tool. As a result of the research, first, it was found that their awareness of the government housing policy is insufficient; second, they had a lot more hardships in housing due to the problem of the rising house prices caused by urban development & regeneration; third, in terms of housing tenure type, there was a higher proportion of a lease on a deposit basis and monthly rent than owner-occupied housing. Hence, this study drew the conclusion that the Korean-Chinese multi-cultural family's housing environment needs to be improved and policy support is required for Korean-Chinese. In addition, this study gives great significance in providing these research results as basic materials which make it possible to inquire into mutually reciprocal practice plan and strategic alternatives for a multi-cultural families from now on.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.151-167
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• 2014

Urban space structure in South Korea when through drastic changes ever since public housing policies began their full-fledge implementation. That is, public housing policies represent the main cause for formation of the current urban space structure, as the public houses are constructed in accordance with changes of demographic/social structure, considering changes of housing demand, in urban spaces demanded by the end users. After rapid industrialization and urbanization in the 1960's, each government in different periods have implemented housing supply policies through massive urban developments, to resolve the issue of housing shortage and residential instability. Phase 1 New Towns were developed in the 1980's resulting in suburbanization of the Seoul Area, followed by urban sprawl due to construction of small-size New Towns after deregulation in the 1990's, and construction of Phase 2 New Towns for resolution of housing shortage in the early 2000's and the resulting urban problems. In the mid-2000's, construction of Bogeumjari houses in GB areas led to insufficient housing supply in downtown areas, and the period after 2010 witnessed continuous deterioration of existing urban areas and acceleration of the rental housing crisis caused by rental housing shortage in downtown areas. Moreover, the residentially vulnerable classes consisting of young, 1~2-member households is expanding, with the real estate market in recess. Therefore, the government is trying to achieve urban regeneration through public housing policies so as to resolve the urban space problem and the housing problem at the same time, and the Happiness Housing Project has been implemented as a policy to achieve that goal. The Happiness Housing Project for young, residentially vulnerable classes in downtown areas, is going through diversification aimed at conjunction with urban regeneration projects in downtown areas, as exemplified by conversion of rental houses in residential environment improvement project districts and redevelopment/reconstruction project districts into happiness housing, and supply of happiness housing in conjunction with small reorganization projects for deteriorated residential areas in such areas as those excluded from New Town designation. Continuous supply of Happiness Housing in conjunction with urban regeneration requires mixed-use residential development which includes convenience facilities and public facilities, along with improvement of rental conditions (rental period/rent) and diversification of project methods, considering that the project is implemented in downtown areas.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.165-175
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• 2016

The Sejong Metropolitan Autonomous City is launched on July 1, 2012, and Phase 1 of the Multifunctional Administrative City Construction Project was completed in late 2015. Therefore, it is necessary through the results of the first phase of the project to check whether Sejong city can achieve the target population and number of households by 2030 and to use to determine the number and type of housing to be supplied next. Based on the presented results of the Phase 1 project period, this study estimate the population and number of households in 2030. For forecasting future population the population growth rate seen in the future of Sejong City's population forecast published by the National Statistical Office and the performance against plans Step 1 were used for forecasting future population. The results of analysis showed that the Multi-functional Administrative City is difficult to attract five hundred thousand people and two hundred thousand houses. In the analysis of households by type The Multi-functional Administrative City is The large proportion of 3-4 person households and high-income earners and Homeowners. But it increased the proportion of households with 1-2 people and rent house of the city grows in size and it is likely to change the level of income. Therefore, it is determined that there is a need to reflect these elements in next housing.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.480-500
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• 2011

This paper aims to describe the rapid growth of the one-person households in terms of the socio-economic demographic perspectives during the period of 1995-2005 and to analyze the spatial distribution patterns based on different characteristics of one-person households. The increase in the divorce ratio in the middle-aged, the growth of unmarried people the young generation, and the increase of life expectancy in the old generation are explanatory factors for the rise and diversification of one-person households in Korea. The rapid increase of one-person households is accompanied by a diversification in their age, gender, marital status, education level. Uneven distribution of one-person households depends on their age, level of education and dwelling type. Highly educated young adults residing in their own apartment are generally concentrated in major cities, whereas senior citizen with their own single house who lives alone are mostly in rural area. One-person households of the highly educated young adults are significantly polarized in the light of their the living standards. In particular, metropolitan area or big cities are mixed with those who have their own apartment and are financially capacity and with those who rent in a detached single house. As such, one-person households have considerably heterogeneous characteristics. Therefore, each local government will face different economic and social problems based on which group of one-person households are increasing and where they are concentrated in. To this extent, the local government should have differentiated welfare policy according to its own respect.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.235-246
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• 2014

In the late 1980s, 5 new towns such as Bundang, Ilsan, Pyeongchon, Sanborn, Jungdong were constructed to solve housing problems and to disperse functions concentrated within Seoul. As the city got matured, it began to appear the initial signs of urban problems such as aging of high rise-density apartment sites, traffic congestion, lack of parking spaces and aging of infrastructure. Therefore, in order to cope with urban problems, it is very important to apprehend the process of urban growth, its change and the feature of physical/human elements. So, the purpose of this thesis is to analyze the changes in housing and population characteristics for past 20 years by use of Census data from 1995 to 2010. First, the new town's goal of population and housing plan at the time of construction was analyzed how it was achieved, and it is close to the performance of the goal. And the trend of changes in the population and household characteristics was analyzed by every five year's data. As the result of analysis, it shows socio-demographic changes such as aged and elderly population growth, rapid increase in one generation's household and single person household, highly educated city, monthly rent household's increase and charter household's reduction. Results of this analysis can be utilized to aforethought management of new towns. But it is required more sustained and systematic urban monitoring and data analysis because the one-off analysis of the city's characteristics alone is difficult enough to grasp them.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 1997

Although modern versions of the traditional Von $Th{\ddot{u}}nen$ theory have contributed to a description of spatial organization in agriculture, they did not incorporate the market mechanism as an integral part of location theory. This deficiency has been indicated and new mathematical structure has been proposed elsewhere by the author. The closed model, which simultaneously considered a basic principle of supply and demand, exposed a computational complexity. Based on the problem, this study attempts to extend market mechanism in order to consider the influence of city (market) size in agricultural location theory. To theoretically explore the economic relationship in a location theory, this study simplifies agricultural activity as just two activities in one-dimensional spatial economy. The problem has been solved by equating total supply and demand of agricultural products, and then by determining each agricultural price from the relationship. All of the mathematical problems have been arranged in matrix form. First, the traditional model and closed model have been compared by quantitative comparative statics which provides the sensitivity test for each model. The results have shown that the traditional model shows a relatively excessive change in land use, besides the deficiency of a constant agricultural price. Second, the effects of the size of market town and its population increase were examined, using the closed model. In this case, the price of agricultural product is increased, and the land use is extended outward. This proves that locational rent is related to the expansion of land use. Third, environmental uncertainty was associated with the closed model, in order to further consider the difference of farmers attitude in strategic perspective. In this study, two extreme attitudes, which reflects the maximum average expected returns and the maximum guaranteed returns, were examined in their land use and their effects on the prices of agricultural products. It was shown that the two farmers attitudes can be interconnected with location theory. Due to the exogenous data, the differences in the area of land use and total quantities of agricultural products were not clearly shown in this study. However, it was shown that the land use pattern is very different. That is, maximum guaranteed return model reveals a mixed land use pattern around the market town. Basically, this study shows some spatial and economic implications related to Von $Th{\ddot{u}}nen$ model.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to analyse the regional variation of tenancy system in later Yi-Dynasty in Korea. Materials for the analysis are acquired through materials(韓國土地農産調査報告), published in 1905 and agricultural census published in 1912. For the identification of difference of tenancy system between agricultural region, regionalization are conducted through by crop combination. Crop combination structure, using rank of LQ index, was clustered into five generic lesions through cluster analysis. In these contexts, this study has come to following conclusions. There are three types of tenancy system in materials; (1) Doji(賭地) system of which landrent was 1/3 agricultural products. Tenant healed the land tax and seeds. (2) Byoengjak(竝作) system of which landrent was 1/2 agricultural products. Landlords healed the land tax and seeds (3) Jeongaek(定額法) system of which landrent was fixed without relation to annual products. But through the analysis of relationship between agricultural region and tenancy system, a new tenancy system could be identified : Byeongjak(竝作) II system. In this system, landrent was 1/2 of agricultural products, but landlord and tenant shared the landtax and seed in common. In the distribution of these systems, relationship between tenancy system and agricultural regions could be identified. Doji system was distributed in the regions where rice and double cropping was specialized. But Byoeongjak(竝作) system was distributed in the regions where upland crops are specialized and ratio of Paddy field is comparatively low. Especially new types were emenged where ratio of paddy field was very low. These show that increase of productivity of land didn't induce the development of the right of ownership in land. The development of ownership was emerged only on the rice paddy fields. Barley cultivated through double-cropping passed into tenant's possessions. So nominal landrent in paddy field seemed to be raised, but actual landrent was maintained about 1/3 of Products through double cropping. On the contrary, rights of cultivation is developed through double cropping. As double cropping is developed, competition on paddy field between tenants was intensified. Consequently nominal land rent of Paddy fields should be raised.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.62
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• pp.285-311
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• 2020

Many people are suffering from the economic crisis and poverty that are deepening due to the recent spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. In this situation, this study focuses on the biblical Jubilee in order to seek how "Jubilee justice" can be realized in the modern context. The Law of Jubilee consists of four contents: the liberation of slaves, debt remission, land return and fallow. Ultimately it aims to prevent human slavery and preserve equality. Nevertheless, the thought of Jubilee has been distorted theologically and situationally, and as a result, it has been overlooked in the field of Christian education, and there is a limit in Christian practice for social justice. The thought of Jubilee, however, can be an alternative to overcome various problems of modern society such as the issue of the privatization of Christianity or the deepening of polarization caused by neoliberal globalization and can contribute positively to the practice of social justice. In other words, the thought of Jubilee can act as a biblical initiative in reforming wrong laws and establishing institutions for the poor on the institutional level; on the personal level, it can be a great motive in terms of the change of perception and the practice of the sharing economy. Jubilee education, which aims for Jubilee justice, helps to break the misconceptions and change the existing meaning perspectives on the basis of various interdisciplinary knowledge and supports social behavior for transforming social structure through activation of public opinion and fund raising at the practical level. Therefore, the learners of Christian education can play a public role in transforming the unjust society.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.648-661
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• 1996

The traditional von Thunen model has various shortcomings. Perhaps the greatest dificiency is the model's sole emphasis on the production side of the economy;that is, the agricultural markets are rarely closed for demand. In thes paoer a closed model for a three-activity, two-dimensional economy is developed. Equillibrium solutions are generated for prices, land areas, and outputs. Comparative static analysis then follows. Attention is next given to a maximum expected-return model under environmental uncertainty. Land uses for the traditional model and the closed model are then compared.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.225-240
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to discuss ways to improve Korea's housing survey by comparatively analyzing the housing surveys being carried out in six other countries. The subject countries are the United States, the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Australia, and Japan-the countries that conducts large-scale surveys for more than 20,000 households on a national level and where data collection is easily available. The comparative analysis items include survey history, purpose, subject, project owner, survey item, data collection method, and the use of survey outcome. The comparative analysis results showed that each of the six countries are conducting national housing condition surveys on a regular basis considering each nation's characteristics of housing stock and policy goals, and the survey results are being used as the basis for setting policy guidelines including the selection of policy targets and the determination of appropriate rent standards, and the basis for housing assistance budget planning. Korea's housing survey has been conducted three times up until now since 2006. There should be efforts to systemize and standardize the survey components, establish standards for monitoring the changing trend of national housing stock, standards for determining policy targets, and measures to open data and provide feedback considering the preceding studies of overseas countries in order to better utilize the housing survey data for policy development.