• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.229-237
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• 2014

This paper presents a video bitrate converter for baseline profile in H.264/AVC standards to control a selective coding scheme for several applications such as tactical scenes or multimedia area. Transmission channels have various capacities according to the application area, and the bitstream stored in computer should be converted in order not to exceed the capacities of a transmission channel. So the problem is how to convert compressed bitsreams of a given bit-rate into compressed bitsreams of other bit-rates. Such a specific transcoding problem in this paper is referred to as bit-rate conversion. Several researches have been done on bit-rate conversion for the bitstreams compressed by MPEG or H.264/AVC. But the existing schemes are not suitable for selective coding scheme because it needs to recover interest regions better image quality than background. So we propose a new bit-rate converter which considers the importance between interest regions and background.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.453-460
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• 2013

Objective : There is a rich literature confirming the default mode network found compatible with task-induced deactivation regions in normal subjects, but few investigations of alterations of the motor deactivation in patients with intracranial lesions. Therefore, we hypothesized that an intracranial lesion results in abnormal changes in a task-induced deactivation region compared with default mode network, and these changes are associated with specific attributes of allocated regions. Methods : Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a motor task were obtained from 27 intracranial lesion patients (mean age, 57.3 years; range 15-78 years) who had various kinds of brain tumors. The BOLD fMRI data for each patient were evaluated to obtain activation or deactivation regions. The distinctive deactivation regions from intracranial lesion patients were evaluated by comparing to the literature reports. Results : There were additive deactivated regions according to intracranial lesions : fusiform gyrus in cavernous hemangioma; lateral occipital gyrus in meningioma; crus cerebri in hemangiopericytoma; globus pallidus, lateral occipital gyrus, caudate nucleus, fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, claustrum, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus in GBM; fusiform gyrus in metastatic brain tumors. Conclusion : There is increasing interest in human brain function using fMRI. The authors report the brain function migrations and changes that occur in patients with intracranial lesions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.148-156
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• 2010

For the reasons such as resource development, an interest in the extreme cold regions has been increasing in recent years. Therefore, this study aims to suggest the application methods of satellite images for the construction projects over extreme cold regions. Because extreme cold regions including the Antarctic is generally far and difficult to access, the satellite images are useful to monitor the extreme cold regions. In this study, satellite images can be used in the overall construction process and the application methods presented through the review of the case studies and the related literature.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.135-142
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• 2022

In school safety education, it was difficult to apply how to link the safety education according to grades year, and student's interest was reduced due to the repetition of existing safety education contents and the absence of new teaching methods and tools. In this study, as a new type of safety education, a performance forms fire safety education program was developed. This program aims to increase students' interest and satisfaction in safety education, and to this end, it was connect with korean elementary science curriculum and combined various engineering teaching materials or tools and methods. Developed program was applied to 2,231 students, 25 schools in 10 regions of Gyeonggi-do and surveyed 476 fifth and sixth grade students program satisfaction and 3 factors of interest in fire safety education who could respond to the survey. As a result of applying the program, more than 90% of students responded more than 'satisfied' in all areas. and statistical test(independent t-test and non-parametric test) indicates over-all satisfaction and interest factors in the program are high regardless of gender and grade, so the effectiveness can be guessed indirectly and there is a universal applicability also. Moreover, examining the influence of student interest level in the satisfaction of the fire safety program, it was found that in order to increase the satisfaction of fire safety education, students should have more fun with the content and feel interest in the teacher's teaching method or explanation.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2002

Female university students generally have a lower intake of nutrition compared to other age groups due to their adverse interests in their appearance. Drinking, smoking, too much weight control, accumulation of psychological and physical stress are causes of inadequate diet. The result is deterioration of hair health. Establishment of good diet and hair care is the foundation of a healthy hair in adulthood. For this reason, there is a great need for a healthy hair care. The data from a questionnaire survey was analyzed with 800 female undergraduate students responding. Seventeen universities were included in the study, 8 of which were from Seoul, 6 from other large cities and 3 from smaller towns. The objective of this study is to investigate the correlations of these factors and to provide preliminary data for developing an effective hair care education program. Results include the following: 1. Knowledge score of hair care based on general characteristics were higher for students in larger cites compare to small cites or regions. Also, students in higher academic year, more allowance, interest in their apparence and family income showed higher knowledge in this field. These factors had meaningful effect on the statistics of this study. 2. Attitude score towards hair care based on general characteristics were higher for students in larger cites compare to small cites or regions. Also, students in higher academic year, more allowance, interest in their apparence and family income showed higher knowledge in this field. These factors had meaningful effect on the statistics of this study. 3. Behavior score towards hair care was higher for students with greater family income, allowance, interest in appearance. These factors had meaningful effect on the statistics of this study. 4. The correlation study between knowledge, attitude and behavior showed that higher the knowledge and attitude, better the behavior. 5. The analysis of factors effecting hair care behavior showed that interest in health, acknowledgement of current hair condition, total family income were a viable factor in predicting hair care behavior. The predictability of regression model is 38.9 %($R^2$) Therefore, in order to maximize the hair care behavior, consistent and systematic study should be earned out to develope an effective education program to improve health interest.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.33B no.11
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• pp.53-61
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• 1996

In this paper, efficient techniques for solder joint inspection have been described. Using three layers of ring shaped LED's with different illumination angles, three frames of images are sequentially obtained. From these images the regions of interest (soldered regions) are segmented, and their characteristic features including the average gray level and the percentage of highlights - refereed to as 2D features - are extracted. Based on the backpropagation algorithm of neural networks, each solder joint is classified intor one of the pre-defined types. If the output value is not in the confidence interval, the distribution of tilt angles-referred to as 3D features - is claculated, and the solder joint is classified based on the bayes classfier. The second classifier requires more computation while providing more information and better performance. The proposed inspection system has been implemented and tested with various types of solder joints in SMDs. The experimental results have verified the validity of this scheme in terms of speed and recognition rate.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.607-621
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• 1998

When fitting a response surface model, the least squares estimates of the model's parameters and the prediction variance will generally depend on how the response surface design is blocked. That is, the choice of a blocking arrangement for a response surface design can have a considerable effect on estimating the mean response and on the size of the prediction variance even if the experimental runs are the same. Therefore, care should be exercised in the selection of blocks. In this paper, we prognose a graphical method for evaluating the effect of blocking in a response surface designs using cuboidal regions in the presence of a fixed block effect. This graphical method can be used to investigate how the blocking has influence on the prediction variance throughout the entire experimental region of interest when this region is cuboidal, and compare the block effect in the cases of the orthogonal and non-orthogonalblockdesigns, resfectively.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.87-104
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• 2024

Most functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in resting state have assumed that the functional connectivity (FC) between time series from distinct brain regions is constant. However, increased interest has recently been in quantifying possible dynamic changes in FC during fMRI experiments. FC study may provide insight into the fundamental workings of brain networks to brain activity. In this work, we focus on the specific problem of estimating the dynamic behavior of pairwise correlations between time courses extracted from two different brain regions. We compare the sliding-window techniques such as moving average (MA) and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA), dynamic causality with vector autoregressive (VAR) model, dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) based on volatility, and the proposed alternative methods to use differencing and recursive residuals. We investigate the properties of those techniques in a series of simulation studies. We also provide an application with major depressive disorder (MDD) patient fMRI data to demonstrate studying dynamic correlations.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.567-581
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Health Mileage Program (EHMP) to promote exercise amongst the elderly and assess the feasibility of the program. Methods: A literature review to identify the effects of exercise in the elderly was conducted. Relevant cases were investigated and in-depth interviews with exercise instructors were conducted, after which the EHMP was developed based on the assessment and tested in three regions. The outcome was evaluated using indicators such as attendance rate, number of participants, proportion of participants who received health education, and proportion of participants who measured their physical and mental status. Results: Based on assessment, we developed an EHMP composed of four steps. Following application of the EHMP in three regions, ${\geq}80%$ of the participants received incentives. Additionally, ${\geq}85%$ of participants underwent measurement of their physical and mental status. The proportion of participants who received health education differed among regions. Conclusion: The EHMP program increased participation and interest in exercise programs for the elderly. However, there is concern regarding availability due to regional differences in resources related to elderly exercise; therefore, it will be necessary to invest in infrastructure, including facilities, and knowledgeable instructors.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 2005

This paper presents a novel method for radius measurement of fillet regions of polygonal models by using optimum onhogonal planes. The objective function for finding an optimum onhogonal plane is designed based on the orthogonality between the normal vectors of the faces in a filet region and the plane that is to be found. Direct search methods are employed to solve the defined optimization problem since no explicit derivatives of the object function can be calculated. Once an optimum orthogonal plane is obtained, the intersection between the onhogonal plane and the faces of interest is calculated, and necessary point data in the fillet region for measuring radii are extracted by some manipulation. Then, the radius of the fillet region in question is measured by least squares fitting of a circle to the extracted point data. The proposed radius measuring method could eliminate the burden of defining a plane for radius measurement, and automatically find a necessary optimum orthogonal plane. It has an advantage in that it can measure fillet radii without prior complicated segmentation of fillet regions and explicit information of neighboring surfaces. The proposed method is demonstrated trough some mea-surement examples.