• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.294-307
• /
• 2013

Purpose : To investigate the correlations between Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) scores and the gray matter volumes (GMV) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cognitively normal (CN) elderly subjects with correcting the genotypes. Materials and Methods: Total 75 subjects were enrolled with 25 subjects for each group. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon genotypes, SNSB scores, and the 3D T1-weighted images were obtained from all subjects. Correlations between SNSB scores and GMV were investigated with the multiple regression method for each subject group using both voxel-based and region-of-interest-based analyses with covariates of age, gender, and the genotype. Results: In the AD group, Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) delayed recall scores were positively correlated with GMV. In the MCI group, Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT) scores were positively correlated with GMV. In the CN group, GMV negatively correlated with Boston Naming Test (K-BNT) scores and Mini-Mental State Examimation (K-MMSE) scores, but positively correlated with RCFT scores. Conclusion: When we used covariates of age, gender, and the genotype, we found statistically significant correlations between some SNSB scores and GMV at some brain regions. It may be necessary to further investigate a longitudinal study to understand the correlation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.125-136
• /
• 2008

Statement of problem: Since the concept of osseointegration in dental implants was introduced by $Br{{\aa}}nemark$ et al, high long-term success rates have been achieved. Though the use of dental implants have increased dramatically, there are few studies on domestic implants with clinical and objective long-term data. Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to provide long-term data on the $Neoplan^{(R)}$ implant, which features a sandblasted and acid-etched surface and external connection. Material and methods: 96 $Neoplan^{(R)}$ implants placed in 25 patients in Yonsei University Hospital were examined to determine the effect of the factors on marginal bone loss, through clinical and radiographic results during 18 to 57 month period. Results: 1. Out of a total of 96 implants placed in 25 patients, two fixtures were lost, resulting in 97.9% of cumulative survival rate. 2. Throughout the study period, the survival rates were 96.8% in the maxilla and 98.5% in the mandible. The survival rates were 97.6% in the posterior regions and 100% in the anterior regions. 3. The mean bone loss for the first year after prosthesis placement and the mean annual bone loss after the first year for men were significantly higher than that of women (P<0.05). 4. The group of partial edentulism with no posterior teeth distal to the implant prosthesis showed significantly more bone loss compared to the group of partial edentulism with presence of posterior teeth distal to the implant prosthesis in terms of mean bone loss for the first year and after the first year (P<0.05). 5. The mean annual bone loss after the first year was more pronounced in posterior regions compared to anterior regions (P<0.05). 6. No significant difference in marginal bone loss was found in the following factors: jaws, type of prostheses, type of opposing dentition, and submerged /non-submerged implants (P<0.05). Conclusion: On the basis of these results, the factors influencing marginal bone loss were gender, type of edentulism, and location in the arch, while the factors such as arch, type of prostheses, type of opposing dentition, submerged / non- submerged implants had no significant effect on bone loss. In the present study, the cumulative survival rate of the $Neoplan^{(R)}$ implant with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface was 97.9% up to a maximum 57-month period. Further long-term investigations for this type of implant system and evaluation of other various domestic implant systems are needed in future studies.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.401-407
• /
• 2009

Purpose : This study was designed to evaluate the clinical aspect of cysts which arised in the oral and maxillofacial region. Patients and Methods : We reviewed clinical record, radiograph, histopathologic and operative report of 155 patients who had been diagnosed as cysts and treated at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery in Chonnam National University Hospital from January 2003 to December 2008. Gender, age, classifiaction, anatomic distribution, clinical sign and symptoms, treatment, complications and recurrence rate were studied. Results : 1. Among 155 patients, the male patients(64.5%) were more than the female(35.5%). 2. The average age ofthe patients was 37.2 years(ranging from 5 to 79 years). 3. In pathologic classification, radicular cyst and dentigerous cyst were most common cysts, irrespective of 73 cases(48.3%) and 35 cases(23.2%). 4. The frequently involved cystic regions were followed as mandibular molars(38.1%), and maxillary incisors(30.2%). 5. The frequent sequence of clinical symptoms was edema(29.9%), no symptom(18.9%), tenderness(13.9%), pain(11.5%) and abscess(9.4%). 6. The most prevalent treatment was the combination operation, such as cyst enucleation with extraction or endodontic treatment of the causative tooth(76.8%) 7. Among 155 cases, 2 cases that were treated using enucleation method were recurred(1.3%).

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.605-613
• /
• 2015

This study assesses the consumption of seaweed by Koreans using a survey questionnaire. 1,218 subjects were surveyed. Those individuals were divided into inland and coastal regions. Statistical analyses were conducted using the SAS package (ver 9.1). The results of this study are summarized as follows: Of the survey respondents 46.5% were male and 53.5% were female. Inland and coastal residents were divided nearly equally (50.4% and 49.6% respectively). Overall slightly more respondents reported a dislike of seaweeds (52.8% vs 47.2%) and the major reason for their dislike was the smell. With respect to gender and age preference, more females liked seaweed than males (p<0.01) and individuals over thirty were more favorable when compared to those in their teens and twenties (p<0.001). Coastal area residents liked seaweed significantly more than that of inland residents (p<0.01). Respondents reported eating seaweed at home (50.8%) and at restaurants (28.2%). The cooking methods used for dishes with seaweed included: soup (44.8%), wrapped in seaweed (21.8%), and seasoned dishes (19.4%). The most popular item among processed seaweed products was beverages. 26.5% of respondents were getting their food and nutrition information through television and radio programming. In conclusion, the results of this study provides baseline and useful information for the development of marketing plans for seaweed products.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of community intervention on reducing salt intake among college students on their knowledge, attitude and practice of low-salt diet. Methods: A community intervention planned to increase college students' knowledge, attitude and practice of low-salt diet. The intervention comprised of 1 lecture on salt and health, 4 campaigns on low-salt diet, and 2 taste testing was carried out from March 24 to May 19, 2015. All the intervention was open to entire university while data was collected from a panel of convenient sample. We used the baseline data of 251 students, 226 students completed post-test. Post-test data on knowledge, attitude, and practice, blood pressure measurement, and urine salt test were collected on May 25 and 26 by trained nursing students and graduates. Baseline data were collected on March 17 and 18. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS 21.0 for t-test and ANCOVA. Results: Regarding a general characteristic and health behavior, there was statistically significant difference in living arrangement(p<0.001), amount of monthly allowance(p=0.005) and frequency of eating-out(p<0.001) between the two regions in this study. However, there was no statistically significant difference in gender, major, smoking, drinking and frequency of breakfast. Regarding a characteristic related to low-salt diet, there was statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure level(p=0.002), urine test(p=0.001). But there was no statistically significant difference in knowledge, attitude, practice of low-salt diet and systolic blood pressure. There was no statistically significant difference in their knowledge of low-salt diet(F=1.588, p=0.209), attitude(F=2.182, p=0.141), practice(F=3.507, p=0.062) and systolic blood pressure(F=1.723, p=0.191), diastolic blood pressure(F=1.552, p=0.214), urine test after a community intervention. Conclusions: Community intervention that does not have concrete target group doesn't seem to be effective on increasing knowledge, attitude and practice of the entire community, not even in university-a somewhat closed community. It is suggested to apply a target specific intervention in order to have efficient and effective outcome from a intervention.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 1998

There have been few large scale surveys of salivary gland tumors, because the salivary gland tumors comprised less than 3 percent of all neoplasms of the head and neck. Also there is a problem that the incidences of specific types of tumors have the variation according to the geographic regions. ]'nother Korean reports about salivary gland tumor, they only treated about 100 cases only. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to identify the frequency and clinical characteristics of salivary gland tumors and to compare with other Korean reports. Materials and Methods : We had performed to analyze 387 cases of salivary gland tumors from 1983 to June 1997, were reviewed in histopathological and clinical aspects. The diagnoses of individual tumors were based on the World Health Organization classification. Tumors were analyzed according to the histologic type site, age and sex. Results : The majority (79.1%) of cases occurred in the major salivary glands and 20.9% in the minor. The parotid gland was the most frequent site with 52.4％ and submandibular glands with 26.3%. Benign tumors were 79.3% of the tumors and malignant tmon were 20.7%. The most frequent tumor was pleomorphic adenoma occupied 63.8% of the total and frequency percent of histologic type of 98 malignant tumors showed 35.7% of mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 24.5% of adenoid cystic carcinomas. Overall gender with female predominance with 1 : 1.4 of male to female ratio. The average age of patients was 42.8 years. The most frequent chief complaint was a palpable mass. The duration of the symptom was shorter in the malignant salivary gland tumors (26.7 months) than in the benign salivary gland tumors (38.2 months). Conclusion : Comparing to the previous Korean reports, the present study confirms that the incidence of salivary gland tumor was lower in the parotid gland, and was higher in the submandibular and minor salivary glands.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.5111-5116
• /
• 2013

Background: Early in the 21st century, cancers are the second cause of death worldwide. Colon cancer is third most common cancer and one of the few amenable to early diagnosis and treatment. Evaluation of factors affecting this cancer is important to increase survival time. Some of these factors affecting all diseases including cancer are social determinants of health. According to the importance of this disease and relation with these factors, this study was conducted to assess the relationship between social determinants of health and colon cancer survival. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study for patients with colon cancer registered in the Cancer Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, from April 2005 to November 2006, performed using questionnaires filled by telephone interview with patients (if patients had died, with family members). Data was analyzed with SPSS software (version 19) for descriptive analysis and STATA software for survival analysis including log rank test and three step Cox Proportional Hazard regression. Results: Five hundred fifty nine patients with ages ranging from 23 to 88 years with mean${\pm}$standard deviation of $63{\pm}11.8$ years were included in the study. The five year survival was 68.3%( 387 patients were alive and 172 patients were dead by the end of the study). The Cox proportional hazard regression showed 5-year survival was related to age (HR=0.53, p=0.042 for>50 years versus<50 years old) in first step, gender (HR=0.60, p=0.006 for female versus male) in second step, job (HR=1.7, p=0.001 for manual versus non manual jobs), region of residency (HR=3.49, p=0.018 for west versus south regions), parents in childhood (HR=2.87, p=0.012 for having both parents versus not having), anatomical cancer location (HR=2.16, p<0.033 for colon versus rectal cancer) and complete treatment (HR=5.96, p<0.001 for incomplete versus complete treatment). Conclusions: Social determinants of health such as job, city region residency and having parents during childhood have significant effects in 5-year survival of colon cancer and it may be better to consider these factors in addition to developing cancer treatment and to focus on these determinants of health in long-time planning.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.403-410
• /
• 2015

Since 1970, MRI has greatly been developing in terms of strength of magnetic field, the number of receipt channels, and short time of examination. With the development of digital systems and wireless network, hospitals have also acquired, saved, and managed digital images taken by various kinds of medical imaging equipment. However, domestic universities fail to provide practice training course independently thanks to expensive practice equipment and high maintenance cost, and rely on clinical training. Therefore, this study developed a MR patient diagnosis program based on Windows PC to help out students before their working in clinical filed. The designed Relational Database of MRI Simulator is made up of seven tables according to functions and data characteristics. Regarding the designed patient information, each stepwise function was classified by the patient registration method in clinical field. In addition, on the assumption of the basic information for diagnosis, each setting and content were classified. The menu by execution step was arrayed on the left side for easy view. For patient registration, a patient's name, gender, unique ID, birth date, weight, and other types of basic information were entered, and the patient's posture and diagnosis direction were set up. In addition, the body regions for diagnosis and Pulse Sequence were listed for selection. Also, Protocol name and other additional factors were allowed to be entered. The final window was designed to check diagnosis images, patient information, and diagnosis conditions. By learning how to enter patient information and change diagnosis conditions in this program, users will be able to understand more theories and terms learned in practice and thereby to shorten their learning time in actual clinical work.

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.92-110
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to provide necessary information to understand characteristics of vocational high school students and to enhance academic engagement through social support of teachers, leading to help research of teaching and learning strategy. A survey was conducted on 990 engineering major students attending 11 vocational high schools in Seoul metropolitan, Chungcheong, Jeolla, Kyeongsang and Kangwon regions. A questionnaire consists of measurement tools for the academic engagement (21 questions) and the social support of teachers (25 questions). The findings of this study are as follows: First, it is found that the level of students' academic engagement was high. But it appears that the students showed low engagement of emotion compared with that of behavior and cognition. There was no level difference according to gender, but there was a considerable difference according to a school year. The first year students' level of engagement was higher than the second and the third year students' in terms of cognition and emotion. Second, it shows that the level of the teachers' social support was normal, which was in the order of appraisal support, instrumental support, informational support, and emotional support. Especially, the level of appraisal support and instrumental support was most. Third, there were correlation and explanation between students' academic engagement and teachers' social support. Moreover, the result that teachers' emotional support has high correlation and explanation in qualitative terms of academic engagement support the importance. Therefore, it is concluded that the social support of teachers can make an positive influence on improving the academic engagement of students and provide students with adaptability and satisfaction with their school life, which may give students a positive effect in emotional development, self-formation, and complement.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.72-83
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate the long-term success of horizontal alveolar crest augmentation of the retromolar region of the mandible with particulated bone, as well as factors affecting subsequent peri-implant bone loss. Methods: A total of 109 patients (68 female, 41 male) suffering from alveolar ridge deficiencies of the maxilla and mandible were included in this study. All patients were treated with particulated retromolar bone grafts from the mandible prior to the insertion of endosseous dental implants. Mesial and distal peri-implant crestal bone changes were assessed at six time points. Several parameters, including implant survival and the influence of age, gender, localisation of the implant, diameter, covering procedures, and time points of implant placement, were analysed to identify associations with bone level changes using the Mann-Whitney U-test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient. Results: A total of 164 dental implants were placed in the maxilla (n=97) and in the mandible (n=67). The mean observation period was $105.26{\pm}21.58$ months after implantation. The overall survival rate was 97.6% after 10 years. Overall, peri-implant bone loss was highest during the first year, but decreased over time. The mean amount of bone loss after 10 years was 2.47 mm mesially and 2.50 mm distally. Bone loss was significantly influenced by implant type and primary stability. Conclusions: The use of particulated autologous retromolar bone grafts is a reliable technique for the horizontal reconstruction of local alveolar ridge deficiencies. Our results demonstrate that implants placed in augmented bone demonstrated similar bone level changes compared to implants inserted in non-augmented regions.