• Korean Security Journal
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• no.57
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• pp.277-301
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• 2018

Korean society is a mixed risk society in terms of risk and distrust. This is because the risks and disasters of the farming and industrial societies, the modern and the information society, exist simultaneously in the present time. Ulrich Beck's point that the endless development of science and technology to acquire economic wealth is simultaneously entering a risk society is providing us with many implications. In this paper, we reviewed the Ulrich Beck's "reflexive modernization" theory in the late 20th century, pointing to the rise of a risk society as a result of the evolution of new modernization. This is because the "reflexive modernization" can be a direction in which we can reflect our wrong past from a human-centered perspective and design a desirable future. In this sense, it is important to present ways to overcome the dangerous society through the reinterpretation of Ulrich Beck, who advocated the modernization of reflectively. In order to overcome the future risks that the fourth industrial revolution will bring, we must provide direction for the government's security policies and public security consciousness.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2010

The purpose of this research aims to retrieve the communication which is the essential publicness in the built environment design and the self-management which is the original value in terms of sociology. To examine this, the way in which the characters of the design of the publicness have been changed will be concentrated on in the public area since 1980s, Particularly, this research has been focused on the Second modernity design which is against the aggressive utopia - oriented modernization and Reflexive Modernization which has been mentioned by Anthony Giddens, Ulich Beck, and especially Scott Lash. Also, to understand Reflexive Modernization, the realism art in the view point of the objective recognition of modernity and identity emphasized by Scott Lash will be examined. Through the analysis of the Nene Sachlichkeit which is a part of the realism art, how the reflection of the design can be the function of the design will be addressed and some examples will be analyzed in terms of communications and self-education in the design of the publicness. Thus, Contemporary Built Environment Design features are categorized into universality, objectivity, and rationality; it reaches that the past Neue Sachlichkeit meets the spirit of art; it concludes that the efforts of the reflection of the modernity, intensity and development in design are the challenges for the purpose of the design of the publicness.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.23-46
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• 2017

This article examines the sexualization of place under conditions of the compressed modernization and reflexive cosmopolitanism. In particular, I adopt Michel de Certeau's spatial didactic model of strategy and tactic to investigate the dynamics at play in the gay labelling of a Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf (Coffee Bean) in South Korea, and explore the 'gaying' that takes place within preconceived heteronormative space. Using interview data, I additionally explore the negotiation tactics and coping mechanisms at work when gays compete with heterosexuals for non-gay place. The results illustrate how gays gay in heteronormative space and how heteronormative space harmoniously embodies gay men. The findings suggest that spatial location and tactic play important roles in stimulating compromise of sexual territory. Gay Bean benefits from being nestled between locations with histories of tolerance, while it also prospers from reflexive cosmopolitan ideals of diversity and acceptance of others. Gay identity and gaying is interpreted as foreign in Korea, which buttresses gay performativity in spaces welcoming of foreigners and so-called "deviance." However, how gaying functions within place relies not only on spatial histories of tolerance outside, but also on the tactics of identity negotiation within. The findings suggest that spatial and tactical conditions induce gay individuals to police other gay-identified individuals when gays gay in so-called heteronormative places.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.75-96
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• 2013

This paper is to conceptualize the urban social circulation of water from the social constructivism and political ecology, and to analyze the history of development of social circulation of water, that is, the modernization process of water in Daegu. The development of social circulation system of water in Daegu can be divided into 4 stages, that is, the beginning stage of modernization of water mainly during the period of Japanese colonization, the take-off stage from the 1960s to the mid-1980s, the stage of reflexive modernization from the late 1980s to the 1990s, and that of neoliberalization of water since the 2000s. It can be seen that the development of social circulation system of water in Daegu has contributed the increasing urban population and economic development, especially supporting the spatial expansion of the city and the way of modern way of urban life. But the social circulation system of water in Daegu seems to meet with a lot of problems such as relocation of the water intake station, over-equipment of filtration plants, distrust on tap water, inequality of water use, readjustment of water charge, liquid waste from industrial complexes within the urban area, creative destruction of waterfront environment, and privatization of water.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.3-15
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• 2009

In the swirl of change in the world, Media, the development of information technology, and the enterprise-oriented capitalism have tied the world as one unit, and have entered the period of adaptation. With the view of introspection of these concepts, this paper is mainly written by the theory of "matter as the content" with exploration of the design of essence and scientific approach. The design process is the condensational process which is developed by the exchange of reason and sensibility. This process, which is characterized by the objective manipulation of a given condition and the intervention of extrapolation, is the new way of thinking and approach rather than the concept of the way and means. The research of this paper is based on paintings and the analysis of essential experiments in design, the definition of the terms of content in the view of philosophy and design, and the analysis of the cases in architecture and spacial design. As a result, this paper shows that these designs are not just "Simulacre" but the essential eidos, and "content" is the core of these designs which can produce prototype as machine. Also, these designs can relatively be the persuasive methodology for the reflexive modernization.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.103-130
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• 2013

Although both ecosystem theory and empowerment have become the most prevalent candidate for integrated paradigm for social welfare practices, they could not overcome completely the long-standing and sharp divides between micro and macro practices, that is, between subject and structure as a main explanatory element in social welfare realm. Along with such traditional dualism and tension, a new emerging divide between modernism and postmodernism regarding intrinsic mission and roles of social welfare has urged strongly to develop the overarching theoretical framework for social welfare practice. In this regard, this study aims to recast the ecosystem theory and empowerment through the reflexive modernization theory of critical sociologist Anthony Giddens. With relatively strong emphasis on human capability coined as the reflexivity, Giddens's own creative theory of modernization can be thoroughly expected to provide a solid foundation of integrated paradigm enough to bridge the existing dualisms in social welfare theory and practice. Especially, his unique account of integrated way of how human agency is involved in the construction of social structure and how to transform each other recursively has profound implication for empowerment to be adequate and proper comprehensive framework for social welfare practice.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2014

This is a study on the application of a dialectic way of thinking in terms of design methods, and has contents about the formation of new visual and the ways of process that are triggered by cognitive introspection. A ccordingly, the study has its purposes in interpretation and recommendation of new methodological systems around dialectic principles and ways of thinking on the works of the Dutch Architecture Exhibition carried out in Korea in 2013, with the theme of "Reuse" among the aspects expanding since the reflexive modernization. Firstly, the basic features of Dutch designs were connected to dialectic ways of thinking. After studying the basic concepts of dialectics from Greek philosophies to Kant, Hegel, Marx and Benjamin, the aspects of applying them onto creative works such as art, architecture and design were methodologically systematized. Through this process, it was confirmed that the existing concepts are newly rearranged rationally, logically and scientifically based on dialectic ways of thinking rather than subjectively or emotionally. From the study of the 12 art works, it was confirmed that the value of use and potential obstacles have been used as a design solution. Also, the process which is juxtaposed with the result by itself has been expressed and causes the alienation effect. Therefore, such dialectic ways of thinking was organized into a procedural flow of contradictory recognition on situations, drive due to negativity, mutual penetration, mutual transformation, abstraction, verbalizing and creation of new concepts, and it was confirmed that such finding was valid in securing creative possibilities as 'New Uses' rather than 'Re-uses'.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.72-93
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• 2006

"Borderless village" is a kind of alternative social project to build a multi cultural community of migrant workers around Wongok-Dong, Ansan leaded by Ansan Migrant Center since 1999. We thought this project deserved attention from a view point of social sciences for such reasons as follows. (1)This project could give an opportunity for us to examine the concrete effects of globalization on local areas and responses of these areas to those ones. (2)This project was composed of theoretical concepts very similar to those of reflexive modernization theory. So by examining this project we could have a chance to judge the validity of the latter. (3)The process of making discourses on this project was very interesting. It looks like more democratic and constructive one than others. (4)This project proposed the problem of creating a new form or way of social movement different from so called 'old or new social movements.' Our provisional conclusion of this study was this project could be estimated as very creative and progressive one but it was too abstract to be realistic and effective yet.