• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.280-282
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• 1997

A genuine dammarane-glycoside, named as ginsenoside $ Rs_3$, was isolated from the MeOH extracts of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) through repeated silica gel column chromatographies and its chemical structure was determined as (20S)-protopanaxadiol $3-O-[6^{11}-O-acetyl-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl (1{\rightarrow2)-{\beta}-D-$glucopyranoside on the basis of several spectral and physical evidences including HMBC and FAB-MS.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.179-186
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• 1979

Rotting bacteria were isolated from decayed root rot of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), cultured purely, and it's pathogenicity was confirmed by reinoculation test. Two strains (E3, E7) were selected to be tested in more detailed study with respect to their morphological, cutural and biochemical characters. The strains causing red rot of ginsneg were identified as Erwinia carotovora.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.278-281
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• 1990

Two lingans were isolated from hexane-soluble fraction of Korean red ginseng. Their chemical structures were elucidated as gomisin N and gomisin A by spectrometric analysis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.257-260
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• 1985

Based on spectral and chemical evidences two glycosides isolated from Korean red ginseng are characterized as isomaltol-.alpha.-D-glucopyranoside. These compounds are not found in Korean white ginseng.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2014

Background: In this study, we examined the effects of various enzymes on chemical conversions of ginsenosides in ginseng extract prepared by amylases. Methods: Rapidase, Econase CE, Viscozyme, Ultraflo L, and Cytolase PCL5 were used for secondary enzymatic hydrolysis after amylase treatment of ginseng extract, and ginsenoside contents, skin permeability, and chemical compositions including total sugar, acidic polysaccharide, and polyphenols were determined on the hydrolyzed ginseng extract. Results: Rapidase treatment significantly elevated total ginsenoside contents compared with the control (p < 0.05). In particular, deglycosylated ginsenosides including Rg3, which are known as bioactive compounds, were significantly increased after Rapidase treatment (p < 0.05). The Rapidase-treated group also increased the skin permeability of polyphenols compared with the control, showing the highest level of total sugar content among the enzyme treatment groups. Conclusion: This result showed that Rapidase induced the conversion of ginsenoside glycosides to aglycones. Meanwhile, Cytolase PCL5 and Econase treatments led to a significant increase of uronic acid (acidic polysaccharide) level. Taken together, our data showed that the treatments of enzymes including Rapidase are useful for the conversion and increase of ginsenosides in ginseng extracts or products.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.288-297
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• 2002

In this paper, we present evidence that the red ginseng from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer inhibits the recurrence of advanced gastric cancer and shows immunomodulatory activities during postoperative chemotherapy. Flow cytometric analyses for peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets showed that the red ginseng powder restored CD4 levels to the initial preoperative values during postoperative chemotherapy. Depression of CD3 during postoperative chemotherapy was also inhibited by the red ginseng powder ingestion. This study demonstrated a 5-year disease free survival and overall survival rate that was significantly higher in patients taking the red ginseng powder during postoperative chemotherapy vs. control $(68.2\%\;vs.\;33.3\%,\;76.4\%\;vs.\;38.5\%,$ respectively, p<0.05). The mean value of serum IL-10 of the ginseng group was reduced progressively during the postoperative chemotherapy. The values of the ginseng group were close to that of the control group on postoperative months 3. These studies suggest that the red ginseng may have some immunomodulatory properties associated with CD3 and CD4 activity and interleukin 10 during postoperative chemotherapy and some potential of improving prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.17-18
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• 2001

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer has been the most highly recognized medicinal herb in the Orient. The prolonged administration of red ginseng extract significantly inhibited the incidence of hepatoma and also proliferation of pulmonary tumors induced by aflatoxin B$_1$and urethane. Statistically significant anticarcinogenic effects were observed in powders and extract of 6 year-dried fresh ginseng, 5 and 6 year-white ginseng and 4, 5 and 6 year-red ginseng by 9 week medium-term anticarcinogenicity test using benzo［a］pyrene (Yun's model).(omitted)

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.10-13
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• 1990

Effect of an acidic polysaccharide fraction In Korean white and red ginseng on lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L was studied. Crude acidic polysaccharide fraction was extracted from main and lateral root of Korean white and red ginseng separately and purified several times. Inhibitory effect of crude polysaccharide fraction was determined by unit (1 unit is loft inhibition rate per Is sample). Yields of purified crude polysaccharide fraction of main and lateral root of red ginseng were 2.9 and 2.2 times higher than those of white ginseng, respectively. Inhibitory effects of main root of white and red ginseng, 11.hen final reaction concentrations of sample were 50, 100, 200, 500 $\mu$g/ml, were 37.2가 and 23.7% higher than those of lateral root of white and red ginseng. Inhibitory effect of main root of red ginseng was 2.3 times higher than that of white ginseng.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 1998

To develop a new ginseng varieties with good quality and high yielding, a lot of individual ginseng plants were selected in the farmer's fields in 1972. Among them, a promising line, 7259-3-1, has been developed through comparative cultivation of several lines selected with pure line separation of local races in Korea Ginseng '||'&'||' Tobacco Research Institute. Preliminary and advanced yield trials were performed for 8 years. It was then designated as "KG 101" and tested in the regional yield and adaptation trials for 10 years (1981-1990). KG101 has a green stem with light violet and orange-yellow fruit and flowers 3-7 days later than local race, Takyungjong. Taproot of KG101 was longer than local race Jakyungjong, and root yield of KG101 was 9% higher than local race Jakyungjong. In red ginseng quality, the rates of Chun-Jeesam (Chun and Jee means 1st and 2nd grade, respectively) were 22.3% and 9.4% for KG101 and Jakyungjong, respectively. In these results, it was clarified that KG101 was superior ginseng line with good quality.y.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.410-413
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• 1998

Gel filtration과 ion exchange chromatography, reversed-phase 및 ion exchange FPLC를 이용하여 고려인삼 뿌리에서 subunit 분자량 약 25 kDa의 주요단백질(이하 GMP)을 분리하였다. PAS 염색을 통하여 GMP는 carbohydrate moiety를 갖는 당단백질일 가능성을 보여주었고, 이는 glycosidase 처리후 protein band shift 실험으로 확인되었다. GMP는 native polyacrylamide 전기영동 및 gel permeation FPLC를 통해 native form은 약 63 kDa의 분자량을 갖는 dimer로 판단된다. GMP의 생리활성 측정결과, inflammation mediator의 기능탐색에 쓰이는 anticomplementary activity를 보여주었다.