• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on functional recovery after rat with experimental SCI. Methods: SCI was induced by the NYU-spinal cord impactor(NYU, USA) dropped a weight of 10 gm after laminectomy. Experimental groups were divided into the Group I (normal), Group II (control) and Group III(treadmill exercise). After 2 days of the operation, 24 rats(group II, III) were trained to walk on treadmill for 21 days twice/day, 15 min/session. After operation, rats were tested at modified Tarlov scale at 1, 2, 3, 4 days with divided into 2 groups, and Motor behavior test(BBB locomotor rating scale, Grid walking test, Narrow beam crossing test, Modified inclined plane test) was examined at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Histopathological study were performed at 1. 3, 7, 14 and 21 days by H&E, Luxol Fast Blue staining were same times. Results: After SCI an improvement of motor behavior was shown group II, III. The motor behavior test of group Ill showed considerable improvement until 14 days. Conclusion: These results suggest that treadmill exercise treatment can playa role in facilitating recovery of locomotion following spinal cord injury.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.438-445
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• 2017

탄자니아에는 풍부한 구리 매장량이 있으나, 적절한 구리 회수 공정의 결핍과 광산 기술 개발을 위한 자금 부족으로 구리 금속의 추출량은 여전히 낮은 상태이다. 이에 따라 소규모 구리 채굴을 위한 간단한 처리공정 개발에 중점을 두어 구리광석에서 구리를 추출하기 위한 침출법과 용매 추출법을 연구하였다. 사용된 구리광석은 규공작석이었으며, 침출 시약으로 황산을 사용하였다. 침출 공정에서 시료의 입경이 $53{\mu}m$보다 작고, 98%(w/w) 황산 농도가 5.0 g/L, 교반 속도가 60에서 80 rpm일 때 최대 구리 회수율이 95.1% 이었다. 용매 추출에서 구리 2가 양이온의 최고의 선택 비율은 등유에 녹인 15 % LIX-70을 이용하여 얻어졌다. pH가 0.5에서 3.0까지, 구리 2가 양이온 추출 효율은 pH가 증가함에 따라 증가했다. 그러나 3.0이상의 pH에서는 다른 금속 이온이 구리 2가 양이온보다 유기물층으로 더 많이 추출되었다. 최고의 용매 추출율은 15% LIX-70를 사용하여 각각 pH 2.0 및 3.0에서 96.5% 이었다.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2017

목적: 재발성 추간판 탈출증에 대하여 추간판 재절제술의 결과를 분석하고 수술결과에 영향을 줄 만한 요인에는 어떤 것이 있는지 제시하였다. 대상 및 방법: 59명이 재발성 추간판 탈출증에 대하여 추간판 재절제술을 시행받았고 최소 2년 이상 추시관찰하였다. 수술 결과는 visual analogue scale (VAS) 및 Macnab 분류에 따라서 평가하였고, 회복률은 VAS 변화에 따라 계산하였다. 그리고 SPSS를 이용하여 치료결과에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대한 통계적 분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 재발성 추간판 탈출증으로 인한 수술률은 일차 추간판 절제술을 시행한 전체 환자의 6.0% (59/983예)를 차지하였다. VAS에 따른 첫 번째 수술의 임상적 호전 비율은 77%, 두 번째 수술에서는 71%로 측정되었다. 통계적으로 첫 번째와 두 번째의 평균 임상적 호전 비율 사이에 유의한 차이는 없었다. Macnab 분류에 따르면 96%의 환자가 excellent 또는 good 판정을 받았다. 추간판 재절제술 후 추가적으로 요추 불안정성이 발생된 증례는 없었다. 재수술 시 흡연, 외상력, 당뇨의 요인에 따른 수술 후 임상적 호전 정도에는 일차 수술과 비교하여 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 재발성 추간판 탈출증에 대해 시행한 추간판 재절제술은 일차 추간판 절제술만큼 좋은 임상 결과를 보였다. 흡연, 외상력, 당뇨의 요인들은 추간판 재절제술의 결과에 영향을 거의 미치지 않았다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1994

This study was designed and undertaken to find out the effectiveness of VAS for evaluation of general anesthetic postoperative pulmonary-function. We compared the degree of perceived pulmonary function recovery with peak expiratory flow at postoperative 72 hours of subjects. The subjects of this study were collected 38 patients who had received upper abdominal operation in St. Paul Hospital, Catholic University Medical College, and Kangnam Scared Heart Hospital and Kangdong Scared Heart Hospital, Hallym University. Data collection period was from June 15th, to August 7th, 1992. The degree of pulmonary recovery function was measured with peak expiratory at 72 hours postoperatively. The degree of perceived pulmonary function of the patient was measured with ten points visual analog scale at 72 hours postoperatively. Peak expiratory flow and visual analog score was analyzed with Pearson correlation. Peak expiratory flow was expressed as a ratio of preoperative value. The result was as follows : The recovery of pulmonary function and the degree of perceived pulmonary function of the patient at 72hours postoperatively was revealed high correlation (r=.84). The above result suggested that patients with general anesthetic upper abdominal surgery should evaluate recovery of pulmonary function making use of VAS. We know that VAS is very useful in postoperative patients. We perceived that VAS is to take up a positive attitude of patients. Nurse should furnish the nursing care objectively and scientifically to patients. As VAS was economic and simple, VAS should be adviced for wider application.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of our study was to evaluate natural recovery of neurologic injury after minor dental surgery based on subjective neurologic evaluation. Materials and Methods: From December 2005 through July 2009, 30 patients from Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were identified as having been treated with minor dental surgery. The patients were composed of 12 men and 18 women, with a mean age of 50.6 years. The median duration of this study was 62 weeks. Results: The patients were treated by implants (17 cases), tooth extractions (6 cases), bone grafts (4 cases), inferior alveolar nerve transpositions (2 cases) and periodontal surgery (1 case) prior to the occurrence of altered sensation. Areas of altered sensation after minor surgery included the lip (36.7%), chin (30.0%) and tooth (21.7%), and at final follow-up, there was no change of ranking. Altered sensations expressed by patients included numbness (33.3%), discomfort (22.9%), relieving sense (14.6%), tingling (14.6%) and itching (14.6%). There was no change of ranking of altered sensation at the last follow-up. Patients experienced the altered sensation always (47.8%), during tactile stimulation (26.1%), when chewing food (13.0%), and talking (13.0%). Mean visual analogue scale (VAS) was $3.43{\pm}2.84$ for pain and $6.64{\pm}2.72$ for paresthesia. VAS of pain was decreased significantly between the first visit and the end of follow-up, and paresthesia also showed a significant difference. Conclusion: Altered sensations may occur at any time after minor dental surgery, but we observed that natural recovery of altered sensation occurred as time went on.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2018

Objective : To investigates the effect of curcumin on proliferation of spinal cord neural stem/progenitor cells (SC-NSPCs) and functional outcome in a rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model. Methods : Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and blindly allocated into three groups (sham control group; curcumin treated group after SCI; vehicle treated group after SCI). Functional recovery was evaluated by the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scale during 6 weeks after SCI. The expression of SC-NSPC proliferation and astrogliosis were analyzed by nestin/Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining. The injured spinal cord was then examined histologically, including quantification of cavitation. Results : The BBB score of the SCI-curcumin group was better than that of SCI-vehicle group up to 14 days (p<0.05). The coimmunoreactivity of nestin/BrdU in the SCI-curcumin group was much higher than that of the SCI-vehicle group 1 week after surgery (p<0.05). The GFAP immunoreactivity of the SCI-curcumin group was remarkably lower than that of the SCI-vehicle group 4 weeks after surgery (p<0.05). The lesion cavity was significantly reduced in the curcumin group as compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion : These results indicate that curcumin could increase the expression of SC-NSPCs, and reduce the activity of reactive astrogliosis and lesion cavity. Consequently curcumin could improve the functional recovery after SCI via SC-NSPC properties.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.506-515
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to validate abuse outcomes included Nursing Outcomes Classification(NOC) developed by Johnson and Maas at the University of Iowa. A sample of 71 nurse experts working in university affiliated hospitals participated in this study. They were asked to rate indicators that examplified the outcomes on a scale of 1 (indicator is not at all characteristic) to 5(indicator is very characteristic). A questionnaire with an adaptation of Fehring's methodology was used to establish the content validity of outcomes. The results were as follows: 1. All indicators were considered to be 'supporting' and no indicators were considered to be 'nonsupporting'. 2. 'Abuse Recovery : Emotional' attained an OCV score of 0.780 and was the highest OCV score among abuse outcomes. The highest indicator was 'demonstration of positive interpersonal relationship'. 3. 'Abuse cessation' attained an OCV score of 0.739 and was the lowest OCV score among abuse outcomes. The highest indicator was 'physical abuse has ceased'. 4. 'Abuse Protection' attained an OCV score of 0.743 and the highest indicator was 'plans for avoiding abuse'. 5. 'Abuse Recovery: Financial' attained an OCV score of 0.762 and the highest indicator was 'court-ordered benefits received'. 6. 'Abuse Recovery: Physical' attained an OCV score of 0.767 and the highest indicator was 'resolution of physical health problem'. 7. 'Abuse Recovery: Sexual' attained an OCV score of 0.768 and the highest indicator was 'expression of confidence with gender identity'. More outcomes need to be validated and outcomes sensitive to Korean culture need to be developed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.240-248
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• 2015

Background: Recovery from fatigue is important in maintaining night workers' health. This study compared the course of self-reported recovery after 2-week 12-hour schedules consisting of either night shifts or swing shifts (i.e., 7 night shifts followed by 7 day shifts) to such schedules consisting of only day work. Methods: Sixty-one male offshore employees-20 night workers, 16 swing shift workers, and 25 day workers-rated six questions on fatigue (sleep quality, feeling rested, physical and mental fatigue, and energy levels; scale 1-11) for 14 days after an offshore tour. After the two night-work schedules, differences on the $1^{st}$ day (main effects) and differences during the follow-up (interaction effects) were compared to day work with generalized estimating equations analysis. Results: After adjustment for confounders, significant main effects were found for sleep quality for night workers (1.41, 95% confidence interval 1.05-1.89) and swing shift workers (1.42, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.94) when compared to day workers; their interaction terms were not statistically significant. For the remaining fatigue outcomes, no statistically significant main or interaction effects were found. Conclusion: After 2-week 12-hour night and swing shifts, only the course for sleep quality differed from that of day work. Sleep quality was poorer for night and swing shift workers on the $1^{st}$ day off and remained poorer for the 14-day follow-up. This showed that while working at night had no effect on feeling rested, tiredness, and energy levels, it had a relatively long-lasting effect on sleep quality.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2017

세계적으로 자연재해의 빈도와 그 규모가 커지고 있으며, 그에 따른 피해도 늘어나고 있다. 몇 년 간 자연 재난 피해에 비추어 볼 때, 우리나라도 그러한 피해에서 자유롭지 못한 것이 사실이다. 본 연구에서는 재난 피해가 발생하였을 때, 복구자원을 효율적으로 관리하는 프로세스를 제안하였다. 사물인터넷 기술을 활용하여 실시간으로 자원 현황을 파악하고, 자원행동인지 모듈을 통하여 복구자원의 상태 및 움직임을 실시간으로 파악할 수 있도록 프로세스를 구성하였다. 또한 이를 실제로 구현하는데 필요한 데이터베이스 설계와 스마트폰 센서들을 이용한 자원행동인지 모듈을 개발하고 실험하였다. 이를 통하여 신속하고 효율적인 재난대응시스템 구축에 기여하고자 한다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.180-189
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• 2002

Background and Purpose : The hemiplegic upper extremity is affected in many stroke patients, and recovery is often poor. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) in enhancing the upper extremity motor and functional recovery of ischemic stroke patients. Subjects and Methods : Forty ischemic stroke patients (the upper extremity Fugl-Meyer motor scale (FM) score lower than 46, lesion location within middle cerebral artery territory) within 2 weeks of stroke onset were randomly allocated to either an EA group that received EA treatment or a control group that received only routine ward care. The EA was applied at Quchi-Shousanli (LI11-LI10), Waiguan-Hegu (TE5-LI4) points on the hemiparetic side six times per week for 4 weeks. The frequency of stimulation was 25-50Hz and the intensity was set at a level sufficient to induce muscle contraction. EA treatment was given for 30 minutes and all patients of both groups received standard rehabilitation program. Outcomes were assessed, in a blind manner, before treatment began and at 4 weeks after treatment, with the FM, the Motor Power score (MP) for shoulder/elbow, and the subsection of the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) for drinking/feeding/dressing upper body/grooming. Results : These 2 groups had comparable clinical characteristics, lesion location, lesion size, and pretreatment impairment scores. By the end of treatment, the EA group showed significantly more improvement than the control group in the subsection of the FM for shoulder/elbow/coordination (6.4 vs. 3.7; P=0.047) and the MP for shoulder/elbow (5.3 vs. 3.3; P=0.008). The subsection scores of the MBI for drinking/feeding/dressing upper body/grooming were not significantly different between two groups. No adverse effects due to treatment were found Conclusion : These results suggest that EA enhances the upper extremity motor recovery of acute stroke patients. However, this study failed to demonstrate any significant functional benefit related with upper extremity. Future study should be carried out in a larger sample size and use the functional outcome measure that is more specific and sensitive to the upper extremity.