• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.4077-4091
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• 2017

This paper presents the design of a broadcasting scenario and system for an 8K-resolution content. Due to an 8K content is four times larger than the 4K content in terms of size, many technologies such as content acquisition, video coding, and transmission are required to deal with it. Therefore, high-quality video and audio for 8K (ultra-high definition television) service is not possible to be transmitted only using the current terrestrial broadcasting system. The proposed broadcasting system divides the 8K content into four 4K contents by area, and each area is hierarchically encoded by Scalable High-efficiency Video Coding (SHVC) into three layers: L0, L1, and L2. Every part of the 8K video content divided into areas and hierarchy is independently treated. These parts are transmitted over heterogeneous networks such as digital broadcasting and broadband networks after going through several processes of generating signal messages, encapsulation, and packetization based on MPEG media transport. We propose three methods of generating streams at the sending entity to merge the divided streams into the original content at the receiving entity. First, we design the composition information, which defines the presentation structure for displays. Second, a descriptor for content synchronization is included in the signal message. Finally, we define the rules for generating "packet_id" among the packet header fields and design the transmission scheduler to acquire the divided streams quickly. We implement the 8K broadcasting system by adapting the proposed methods and show that the 8K-resolution contents are stably received and serviced with a low delay.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.4092-4104
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• 2017

In this paper, an efficient 4K and 8K UHD(Ultra High Definition) transmission scheme is proposed on the convergence networks with broadcasting and LTE(Long Term Evolution) by using CoMP(Coordinated Multi-Point). A video data is compressed and divided into BL(Base Layer), E(Enhanced layer)1, E2 and E3 by scalable HEVC(High Efficiency Video Coding). The divided layers can be combined by the scalable HEVC such as mobile HD, full HD, 4K and 8K UHD(Ultra High Definition). The divided layers are transmitted through the convergence networks with DVB-T2(Digital Video Broadcasting-$2^{nd}$ Generation Terrestrial) broadcasting system and LTE CoMP. This scheme transmits mobile HD and full HD layers through DVB-T2 broadcasting system by using M-PLP(Multiple-physical Layer Pipes), and adaptively transmits 4K or 8K UHD layer through LTE CoMP with MMT(MPEG Media Transport) server. An adaptive transmitting and receiving scheme in the LTE CoMP system provides 4K or 8K UHD layer to a user according to the user status. The proposed scheme is verified by showing the system-level simulation results which is better BER(bit-error-rate) performance than the conventional scheme. The results show that the proposed scheme provides the stable video contents to the user especially at the cell edge.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

With aggravation of environmental contamination and energy resource exhaustion, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) that can be economically operated with low fuel consumption are receiving greater attention. For performance improvement of such HEV, the development of efficient transmission can be seen as one of core technologies such as performance of components and driving strategy. Dual clutch transmission (DCT) is actively studied as a transmission type for HEV due to its advantages of having excellent power transmission efficiency based on manual transmission characteristic, resolving the problem of power interruption, and realizing driving convenience of automatic transmission (AT). In this paper, one diesel HEV equipped with 6-Speed DCT, modelled using MATLAB/Simulink, and a performance simulator developed for this vehicle are introduced. Driving simulation with driving cycles such as FTP75 and NYCC was performed using the developed performance simulator, and the simulated results regarding state of charge and fuel economy, when AT and DCT are applied to this diesel hybrid vehicle respectively, are compared. This performance simulator can be utilized to develop a control algorithm for improving the fuel economy of HEV with DCT.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.17-22
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a cooperative vehicle communication scheme for high transmission efficiency and coverage extension under multipath fading environment of moving vehicle networks. The proposed scheme uses a Network coding scheme for improvement of receiving performance by using virtual Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO) transmit diversity. Simulation results have shown that the proposed scheme also provides alleviated Inter Symbol Interference(ISI) and Inter Channel Interference(ICI) as well as Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR) improvement and improve 3dB compared to the conventional scheme, since it can utilize the good properties of spatial diversity and coding gain by using virtual MIMO configuration. In this paper, we propose simulations of Ultra-Wideband(UWB) communication system to show validity by using the MATLAB.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

The present study was conducted to accomplish management efficiency by preparing preemptive measures for consumer dissatisfaction and overcome risks caused by Global Warming through studies of model cases in packaging. Through this study, we made it possible to find a way for companies to prepare for Global warming and consumer dissatisfaction. By contributing to eco-friendly packaging, we are trying to preemptively respond to recent major issues through packaging. Through this experiment, we tried to measure the degree of penetration of Plodia interpunctella H. larva into the insect repellent film produced by printing Ink containing a natural repellent. The control experiment was conducted with an untreated LDPE film to which no insect repellent was applied. The numbers decreased from 17 to 7 when the film was processed with repellent to show experimental results verifying effects of repellent by decrease in 10 (58.8% Decrease). Such results show that it is safe when the film is unfolded but in the case where the film is folded, the Plodia interpunctella H. punches through the film to lead to consumer dissatisfaction and it suggests that this can bring on risks to corporate management. Considering that most of the film is folded in the case of PE bag packaging, the direction which the corporations should take in terms of preparing for climate change countermeasures and consumer dissatisfaction has been clarified. Due to it receiving satisfactory results in safety rest results for printing film applied with pest repellent as well as the Quality analysis to test repellent contents of repellent film, it is certain that the importance of repellent method in packaging will increase in preparing for consumer dissatisfaction and actions against climate change henceforth.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.977-985
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• 2021

The LiDAR sensor is attracting attention as a key sensor for autonomous driving vehicle. LiDAR sensor provides measured three-dimensional lengths within range using LASER. However, as much data is provided to the external system, it is difficult to process such data in an external system or processor of the vehicle. To resolve these issues, we develop integrated processing system for LiDAR sensor. The system is configured that client receives data from LiDAR sensor and processes data, server gathers data from clients and transmits integrated data in real-time. The test was carried out to ensure real-time processing of the system by changing the data acquisition, processing method and process driving method of process. As a result of the experiment, when receiving data from four LiDAR sensors, client and server process was operated using background or multi-core processing, the system response time of each client was about 13.2 ms and the server was about 12.6 ms.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1890-1896
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• 2018

Objective: As the climate changes, it influences ruminant's feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen methane production and emission. This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding Sweet grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mahasarakham; SG) as a new source of good quality forage to improve feed utilization efficiency and to mitigate rumen methane production and emission. Methods: Four, growing crossbred of Holstein Friesian heifers, 14 months old, were arranged in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to receive four dietary treatments. Treatment 1 (T1) was rice straw (RS) fed on ad libitum with 1.0% body weight (BW) of concentrate (C) supplementation (RS/1.0C). Treatment 2 (T2) and treatment 3 (T3) were SG, fed on ad libitum with 1.0% and 0.5% BW of concentrate supplementation, respectively (SG/1.0C and SG/0.5C, respectively). Treatment 4 (T4) was total Sweet grass fed on ad libitum basis with non-concentrate supplementation (TSG). Results: The results revealed that roughage and total feed intake were increased with SG when compared to RS (p<0.01) while TSG was like RS/1.0C treatment. Digestibility of nutrients, nutrients intake, total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), rumen microorganisms were the highest and CH4 was the lowest in the heifers that received SG/1.0C (p<0.01). Total dry matter (DM) feed intake, digestibility and intake of nutrients, total VFAs, $NH_3-N$, bacterial and fungal population of animals receiving SG/0.5C were higher than those fed on RS/1.0C. Reducing of concentrate supplementation with SG as a roughage source increased $NH_3-N$, acetic acid, and fungal populations, but it decreased propionic acid and protozoal populations (p<0.05). However, ruminal pH and blood urea nitrogen were not affected by the dietary treatments (p>0.05). Conclusion: As the results, SG could be a good forage to improve rumen fermentation, decrease methane production and reduced the level of concentrate supplementation for growing ruminants in the tropics especially under global climate change.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.555-571
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• 2018

This study identified the characteristics of fashion rental service users as well as analyzed their purchase decision-making processes. A qualitative investigation was conducted through in-depth interviews with 13 women in their 20s-30s who have experienced renting fashion items due to a high interest in fashion. The results of the study are summarized as follows. The need recognition stage analyzed ventilation by mass media, SNS impact, curiosity, saving shopping time and money, awareness of situational necessity, and creation of various styles. The information search stage analyzed how users obtained information from 2 different sources of nonmarketer-dominated sources and marketer-dominated sources. The pre-purchase stage analyzed the evaluation of alternatives in which study participants used 2 evaluation criteria for fashion rental services and fashion rental items. The purchase stage analyzed how participants wait and select desired items (when receiving the notification of rentable items) or select alternative products. The consumption stage examined the usage frequency and usage method. The study divided the post-consumption evaluation stage into 2 categories for evaluation: personal feelings and service. The post-consumption behavior stage analyzed how participants displayed WOM, eWOM and purchase rental product behavior. Clothing shopping orientation of study participants is displayed in 5 dimensions of brand-seeking propensity, individuality-seeking propensity, economic efficiency-seeking propensity, rationality-seeking propensity, and pleasure-seeking propensity. This study identified three main characteristics in the study participants: interest in the fashion, favorable attitude toward used fashion items, consciousness of others.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 2022

Modern technology drives the world, increasing performance while reducing labor and time expenses. Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission (TAEC) tracks employee's levels of exposure to radiation sources using dosimeters. According to legal compliance, workers wear dosimeters for three months and one month at the workplace. However, TAEC has problems in tracking, issuing and returning dosimeters because the existing tracking is done manually. The study intended to develop a Personal Dose Management System (PDMS) that processes and manages the data collected by dosimeters for easy and accurate records. During the requirements elicitation process, the study looked at the existing system. PDMS' requirement gathering included document reviews, user interviews, and focused group discussions. Development and testing of the system were implemented by applying the evolutionary prototyping technique. The system provides a login interface for system administrators, radiation officers, and Occupational Exposed Workers. The PDMS grants TAEC Staff access to monitor individual exposed workers, prints individual and institutional reports and manages workers' information. The system reminds the users when to return dosimeters to TAEC, generate reports, and facilitates dispatching and receiving dosimeters effectively. PDMS increases efficiency and effectiveness while minimizing workload, paperwork, and inaccurate records. Therefore, based on the results obtained from the system, it is recommended to use the system to improve dosimeter data management at the institution.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.287-291
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• 2022

In general, as the amplitude and phase information of the physical layer channel impulse response change rapidly in time and frequency according to the high-speed movement of the vehicles in V2X communication systems, it is difficult to accurately estimate these channels at the receiving end. In order to effectively overcome this problem, midamble-based channel estimation methods in which mid-ambles are periodically inserted into a packet have been recently considered. However, as the number of midambles increases, we suffer from the spectral efficiency loss. To relieve such a loss, in this paper, we propose a new bidirectional averaging channel estimation method that combines the existing data pilot-based channel estimation methods and the mid-ambles. Finally, through the simulation results, we demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the existing mid-amble method in terms of packet error rate with fewer number of mid-ambles.