• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.545-552
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to investigate permeability characteristic of soil-bentonite landfill liner and development of desirable liner system. In this study, permeability tests for soil-bentonite, reactive soil-bentonite and apply bentomat and reactive mat are carried out under the low and high water pressure. According to test result, additional amount of bentonite decreases the coefficient of permeability up to the bentonite mixture ratio of 15%. Therefore, the permeability test for landfill liner's indicated that the use of general water would be in more safe side because the liner system show low permeability duet decrease effect of porous by suspended soild(SS). The permeability of leachate for Zeolite mixture ratio 0, 5, 10% with bentonite mixture ratio 15% showed negligible variation in the permeability with general water. Therefore, Zeolite could be used as a successful that is available purification material for the treatment of leachate, without changing the of landfill liners. Also odious smell could be removed by adding smell amount of Zeolite to the leachate. It was revealed that the bentomat and reactive mat installed in soil-bentonite layer effectively improved the permeability as well as purification of the leachate.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.70-78
• /
• 2010

Elitist nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is adopted and improved for multiobjective optimal reactive power flow (ORPF) problem. Multiobjective ORPF, formulated as a multiobjective mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem, minimizes real power loss and improves voltage profile of power grid by determining reactive power control variables. NSGA-II-based ORPF is tested on standard IEEE 30-bus test system and compared with four other state-of-the-art multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs). Pareto front and outer solutions achieved by the five MOEAs are analyzed and compared. NSGA-II obtains the best control strategy for ORPF, but it suffers from the lower convergence speed at the early stage of the optimization. Several problem-specific local search strategies (LSSs) are incorporated into NSGA-II to promote algorithm's exploiting capability and then to speed up its convergence. This enhanced version of NSGA-II (ENSGA) is examined on IEEE 30 system. Experimental results show that the use of LSSs clearly improved the performance of NSGA-II. ENSGA shows the best search efficiency and is proved to be one of the efficient potential candidates in solving reactive power optimization in the real-time operation systems.

• 전력전자학회논문지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.73-78
• /
• 2020

In this study, a novel reactive power control scheme is proposed to supply stable reactive power to the distribution line by compensating a ripple voltage of DC link. In a single-phase system, a magnitude of second harmonic is inevitably generated in the DC link voltage, and this phenomenon is further increased when the capacity of DC link capacitor decreases. Reactive power control was performed by controlling the d-axis current in the virtual synchronous reference frame, and the voltage control for maintaining the DC link voltage was implemented through the q-axis current control. The proposed method for compensating the ripple voltage was classified into three parts, which consist of the extraction unit of DC link voltage, high pass filter (HPF), and time delay unit. HPF removes an offset component of DC link voltage extracted from integral, and a time delay unit compensates the phase leading effect due to the HPF. The compensated DC voltage is used as feedback component of voltage control loop to supply stable reactive power. The performance of the proposed algorithm was verified through simulation and experiments. At DC link capacitance of 375 uF, the magnitude of ripple voltage decreased to 8 Vpp from 74 Vpp in the voltage control loop, and the total harmonic distortion of the current was improved.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.332-340
• /
• 2010

Nowadays natural textile materials should cope with the global warming. Soft, thin and light angora fibers which have two components. One is spiky hair and the other is soft hair. The spiky hairs have a disadvantage of pilling out. The soft hairs have promising properties comparable to cashmere goat hairs, which is cheap compared to very expensive cashmere goat hairs. In this study, we investigated the dyeing properties of angora/PET, Nylon blend fabrics to acid dyes and reactive dyes including various series of acid dyes and reactive dyes for the dyeing of the blended super soft angora fabrics and their potential for deep shade dyeing effects. Our focus is to get a relation between various kind of blend and their dyeability.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.1053_1054
• /
• 2009

A significant number of renewable energy systems have been connected to the grids as supplement power source. The renewable energy systems require control algorithm to maintain the power-supply reliability and quality. This paper proposes a novel control algorithm for smart Power Conditioning System (PCS) with harmonics and reactive power compensation. The smart PCS is used to feed Photovoltaic (PV) power to utility and compensate harmonics and reactive power at the same time. The experimentation is carried out on the proposed grid-connected PV generation system, and controlled by digital signal processor. The grid-connected PV generation system injects PV energy into the grid and performs as Active Filter (AF) and Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) without additional devices. The experiment results show that the proposed control algorithm is effective for smart PCS with harmonics and reactive power compensation.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1992년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
• /
• pp.214-217
• /
• 1992

This paper introduces a new methodology to apply the interpolation technique wi th optimum pattern to voltage-reactive power control of power system. The conventional tool for the optimal operation of power system is Optimal Power Flow(OPF) by standard optimization techniques. The achievement of solution through OPF programs has a defect of computation time, so that it is impossible to apply the OPF programs to the real-time control area. The proposed method presents a solution in a short period of time and an output with a good accuracy. The optimum pattern is a set of input-output pairs, where an input is a load level and a type of outage and an output is the result of OPF program corresponding to the input. The output in the OPF represents control variables of voltage-reactive power control. The interpolation technique is used to obtain the solution for an arbitrary input. As a result, the new technique helps operators in the process of the real-time voltage-reactive power control in both normal and emergency operating states.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.420-425
• /
• 2010

We produced a basic system of sterilization of nutrient solution based on the characteristics of coated filter with the visible light-reactive titanium oxide photocatalyst according to the findings of the first stage. We developed a model system with a proper number and arrangement of filter elements, the visible light-reactive titanium oxide photocatalyst according to findings from the basic performance test. Main results of this study were as followers; The ceramic filters showed the best performance of sterilization of nutrient solution. The visible light-reactive titanium oxide photocatalyst sterilized more effectively the nutrient solution under the sunlight than UV light. The sterilization performance by passing repeatedly through a few filter was more efficient than that by treating simultaneously with a large number of filters. The filter with 15ppi in pore size, 20 mm in thickness, and 3 layers in titanium oxide coating was desirable in the intensity and sterilization performance.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
• /
• pp.869-871
• /
• 2005

As deregulated electricity markets are being implemented in different countries, the remuneration of reactive power which contribute to ancillary services is one of the key issues, so it is necessary to evaluate the generator's reactive. In this paper, we focus on the evaluation of reactive power which contributes to reactive power balance. The idea is that the main usages of the reactive power of generator can be divided into two components. First one is physically required amounts for transmitting the real power and the second one is the amounts contributed to support the system, that is, to maintain the voltage profiles. In this paper, the second component is used to evaluate the effective amounts of the reactive power contributed to ancillary service.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
• /
• 제4B권4호
• /
• pp.217-224
• /
• 2004

A novel anti-islanding method for the distributed power generation system (DPGS) is proposed in this paper. Three different islanding scenarios are explored and presented based on the analysis of real and reactive power mismatch. It is shown via investigation that islanding voltage is a function of real power alone, where its frequency is a function of both real and reactive power. Following this analysis, a robust anti-islanding algorithm is developed. The proposed algorithm continuously perturbs ($\pm$5%) the reactive power supplied by the DPGS while simultaneously monitoring the utility voltage and frequency. In the event of islanding, a measurable frequency deviation takes place, upon which the real power of the DPGS is further reduced to 80%. A drop in voltage positively confirms islanding and the DPGS is then safely disconnected. This method of control is shown to be robust: it is able to detect islanding under resonant loads and is also fast acting (operable in one cycle). Possible islanding conditions are simulated and verified through analysis. Experimental results on a 0.5kW fuel cell system connected to a utility grid are discussed.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.115-128
• /
• 1998

This paper presents a development of operation scheduling and reactive operation scheduling system for hull fabrication. The methodology for implementing operation scheduling system is HHGA(Hierarchical Hybrid Genetic Algorithm) which exploits both the global perspective of the genetic algorithm and the rapid convergence of the heuristic search for operation scheduling. The methodology for the reactive operation scheduling is the revised HHGA which consists of manual schedule editor for occurrence of exceptional events and the revised scheduling method used in operation scheduling. As the results of experiment, it has been confirmed that HHGA is able to search good operation scheduling within reasonable time, and the revised HHGA is able to search load-balanced reactive operation scheduling with minimum changes of initial operation schedule within short period of time.