• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.899-905
• /
• 2015

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the regional difference of chronic periodontal care services in Korea by the analysis of 2010 raw data from Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Methods: The subjects were the chronic periodontitis patients over 35 years old from dental care facilities in Korea. The study population was 278,319 including 264,994 claims made by dental clinics, 8,084 by dental hospitals, 3,509 by general hospitals, and 1,732 by tertiary hospitals. Results: There was a significant difference in medical care cost benefit between the provinces(p<0.0001). The age groups showed a clear difference in the patient charge, cost of insurance, and medical care cost benefit(p<0.0001). In consideration of the first visit or revisit, there were differences in the rate of prescription, dental examination, and surgical procedures of the chronic periodontal patients from dental facilities. The radiographic use rate in the tertiary hospitals was 2.6 times higher than that of the dental clinic in the treatment of the new chronic periodontal patients. Conclusions: The use of dental services in the periodontitis is influenced by the types of medical services facility, cost of medical insurance, and patient charge. In consideration of cost benefit analysis, prevention is the most important care for the periodontitis. Regional difference in peridontitis is cause by the use of medical services and quality of treatment.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.95-113
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted comparative analysis of juvenile brassiere and adult brassiere to identify the problems of brassieres on the market. The raw data for this study was processed by SPSS 10.1 version(statistical software) and the results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1) The result of comparative analysis of juvenile brassiere and adult brassiere pattern is that each pattern showed no difference. 2) The results of the comparative analysis of juvenile and adult brassiere pattern in wing's length and angle is that even though there are some difference between juvenile and adult in side line inclination of brassiere. there is no setting difference but size of that brassiere. 3) The result of a comparative analysis pattern and cup size measurement of juvenile brassiere and adult brassiere is that even though the adult cup girth and angle is bigger than the juvenile because adults have more protrusive and bigger volume and well developed breast, some case rather the adult's cup angle is smaller than the juvenile as brand. And as we grow up to be a woman, difference of lower breast girth and breast girth are become big while difference of upper breast girth and breast girth are become small for that reason upper cup must be lower and lower cup must be higher but there is almost no difference between adult and juvenile. 4) The result of a comparative analysis of juvenile brassiere and adult brassiere bust point of the pattern is that adult brassiere's distance between bust points 6.12cm, and juvenile's 5.6cm, there are only 0.52cm difference between two products and just 0.4cm, size grading. These results are explained that even though when grow up to be a woman the distance between two bust points become to be long and breast toward out side but brassiere size don't vary with body characteristic.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 1970

지표를 스치며 많은 분,지류가 모여 이루어지는 각 하천수에는 적지않은 수량의 세균류가 혼입된다. 이것들은 결국 바다로 유입되어 연안 동,식물에 섭취되거나 또는 부착되어 또다시 우리의 식생활에 이입되는 순환을 거듭하고 있고, 이러한 과정에서 각종 질병의 원인이 유발되는 수가 적지 않다. 이러한 관점에서 환경수의 세균오염은 우리의 보건위생면에서, 가정용수 또는 산업용수의 이용면에서 매우 중요한 의의를 갖는 것이라고 하겠다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.2007-2017
• /
• 2016

Background: Modifying lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise can reduce the risk of cancer. Psychological stress (PS) might be indirectly associated with cancer because it alters lifestyle factors. However, the relationship among these variables has not been fully investigated. Thus, we examined interactions between self-reported PS (SRPS) and habitual exercise on diet. Materials and Methods: In all, 5,587 men and 2,718 women were divided into "exerciser" and :non-exerciser" groips, based on whether they exercised reguarly, and classified into three SRPS levels: low, moderate and high. Diet was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Using a general linear model, food and nutrient consumption was estimated for each SRPS level in the 2 exercise groups, and the interactions between SRPS levels and exercise were calculated. Results: In women, the intake of pork and beef, low fat milk and yogurt, natto (fermented soybean), carrots and squash, other root vegetables, mushrooms, seaweeds, and wine along with the nutrients vegetable protein, soluble, insoluble and total dietary fiber, daidzein, genistein, carotene, retinol equivalents, vitamin B2, pantothenic acid, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron demonstrated significant interaction with SRPS and habitual exercise (p for interaction <0.05). In men, raw and green leafy vegetable and fruit and vegetable juice significantly interacted with SRPS and habitual exercise (p for interaction <0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that certain foods and nutrients, which are thought to have a protective effect against cancer, interact with SRPS and habitual exercise, especially in women. This information is valuable for understanding and improving interventions for cancer prevention.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.109-118
• /
• 2011

Objectives : The Lycoris squamigera Maxim has been used traditionally for treatment of various diseases. However, the studies on the effect of Lycoris squamigera Maxim have not been carried out. In the present study, extract of Lycoris squamigera Maxim were tested for their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation effect. Methods : The anti-inflammatory effect of the various solvent extract was studied in lipopolysaccharide (lps)-treated mouse macrophage cells. RAW 264.7 cells were pre-incubated with Lycoris squamigera Maxim extracts for 4h and treated with $1\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ lps for 18h, and then the anti-inflammatory effects of extracts were determined. The anti-oxidation effect of extracts measured by DPPH method, reductive potential test, total phenolics test. Results : Extracted root's ethyl acetate layer showed a significant decrease in nitric oxide. And that layer (root's ethyl acetate extract) was showed decrease in TNF-${\alpha}$ concentration dependently. Separated from Root's ethyl acetate extract was fraction 1 has $0.1{\sim}5\;{\mu}M$ range, fraction 2 has $0.1{\sim}10\;{\mu}M$ range did not showed cytotoxicity. Anti-oxidation result as DPPH test showed the best was root ethyl acetate extract. Redusing power was made a comparison between fractions and standard. They were showed similar value. Fraction's total phenol containing result was better then standard. Conclusions : These results suggest that these extracts can be used as anti-inflammatory, anti-axidation materials.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
• /
• pp.373-379
• /
• 2006

Fiber characteristics and fiber distribution of thermomechanical pulp(TMP), bisulfite chemithermomechanical pulp(bisulfite CTMP), neutral sulfite chemithermomechanical pulp(neutral sulfite CTMP) from kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L., Malvaceae) cultivar Tainug-2 cultivated in the reclaimed land of Korea were examined to use effectively nonwood fibers as an alternative raw material sources for papermaking. Yields of TMP and CTMP from kenaf were lower than those of TMP from hardwoods and CTMP from softwoods and hardwoods. Bark fibers of kenaf cultivar Tainung-2 ranged 2.04 to 2.30 mm long and $18.7{\sim}19.7{\mu}m$ width. Core fibers averaged 0.63 to 0.80 mm long and $29.5{\sim}31.4{\mu}m$ wide. Coarseness of bark fiber was higher than that of core fiber, and fiber from TMP were higher than those from both bisulfite CTMP and neutral sulfite CTMP. Curl indexes of bark fibers were higher than those of core fibers. However curl indexes were not significantly affected by the pulping conditions. Short fiber distributions were higher in core fibers from TMP and CTMP and long fiber distributions were higher in bark fibers. There was no significant difference in fiber distribution of whole and core fibers obtained from TMP and CTMP, Fibers from neutral sulfite CTMP, however, exhibited a little higher long fiber distribution. Distinct difference in anatomical characteristics was found between core and bast fibers of kenaf plant. Parenchyma cell, pith parenchyma cell and vessel were observed in core fibers and bast fiber in bast sections.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.517-521
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 다양한 갈조류를 이용한 바이오 에탄올 생산을 실험하였다. 갈조류 다당류는 alginate와 laminaran으로 구성되어 있으며, 이를 단당류로 가수분해하면 바이오 에탄올을 생산 할 수 있는 가능성이 높다. 본 연구에서는 열처리와 산 처리 이용하여 갈조류를 당화하고 이를 통한 바이오 에탄올 생산을 확인고자 한다. 에탄올 발효에는 Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM1129와 Pachysolen tannophilus KCTC 7937를 이용하였으며, 에탄올 발효효율은 모자반이나 톳보다 다시마에서 월등히 높았다. 다시마를 이용한 최적 전처리 조건에서의 발효 결과 Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM1129와 Pachysolen tannophilus KCTC 7937에서 각각 1.83 g/L, 1.96 g/L의 에탄올 생산을 확인 할 수 있었다. 반면, 모자반과 톳에서의 최대 생산량은 0.22 g/L로 매우 낮았다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제27권9호
• /
• pp.489-494
• /
• 2017

ZnS powder was synthesized using a relatively facile and convenient glycothermal method at various reaction temperatures. ZnS was successfully synthesized at temperatures as low as $125^{\circ}C$ using zinc acetate and thiourea as raw materials, and diethylene glycol as the solvent. No mineralizers or precipitation processes were used in the fabrication, which suggests that the spherical ZnS powders were directly prepared in the glycothermal method. The phase composition, morphology, and optical properties of the prepared ZnS powders were characterized using XRD, FE-SEM, and UV-vis measurements. The prepared ZnS powders had a zinc blende structure and showed average primary particles with diameters of approximately 20~30 nm, calculated from the XRD peak width. All of the powders consisted of aggregated secondary powders with spherical morphology and a size of approximately $0.1{\sim}0.5{\mu}m$; these powders contained many small primary nanopowders. The as-prepared ZnS exhibited strong photo absorption in the UV region, and a red-shift in the optical absorption spectra due to the improvement in powder size and crystallinity with increasing reaction temperature. The effects of the reaction temperature on the photocatalytic properties of the ZnS powders were investigated. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnS powders were evaluated according to the removal degree of methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation (${\lambda}=365nm$). It was found that the ZnS powder prepared at above $175^{\circ}C$ exhibited the highest photocatalytic degradation, with nearly 95 % of MO decomposed through the mediation of photo-generated hydroxyl radicals after irradiation for 60 min. These results suggest that the ZnS powders could potentially be applicable as photocatalysts for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.213-216
• /
• 1989

1986년 10월부터 1987년 7월까지 서울대학교 의과대학 기생충학교실 및 풍토병연구소로 충체 동정 및 진단을 의뢰해 온 광절열두조충의 충란 또는 편절 양성자 중 치료 후 충체가 확인된 7례의 인체 감염을 보고하고자 한다. 환자들은 모두 20대와 40대 사이의 남자들이며, 서울(5명) 또 는 울릉도(2명)에 거주하고 있었다. 그들은 모두 외국에 나간 적이 없었고, 공통적으로 종류 미상의 바다 생선을 생식한 경험이 있었다. 프라지콴텔과 하제를 투여한 후 충체를 수집하였던 바, 총 12마리(1∼3마리1환자)의 충체가 획득되었다. 충체의 길이는 83 cm에서 423 cm의 범위에 있었고, 수태 편절에서 특징적인 rosette형의 자궁이 관찰되었다. 충란은 각 증례별로 평균 61.0∼65.3×41.7∼46.1㎛ 범위의 크기이었고 황갈색이며 난원형이었다. 이 보고로 7례가 추가됨으로써 우리 나라의 광절열두조충 인체 감염 보고례는 총 28례가 된다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.393-399
• /
• 2001

우리나라의 전통 발효식품의 고추장의 관능성 및 기능성을 증가시키기 위하여 전분질 원료인 찹쌀무게에 대하여 2%, 4%, 6% 및 8%의 다시마 분말을 첨가한 후 대조구와 함께 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 120일간 숙성시키면서 세균수와 효소활성을 검토하였다. 고추장의 세균수는 숙성 초기 $10^4$ cfu/g 수준에서 출발하여 숙성 30일에는 $10^{6}$ cfu/g의 수준을 나타내었고, 60일 이후에는 $10^{8}$ cfu/g의 수준을 유지하여 후반동안 $10^{8}$ cfu/g을 유지하였는데 다시마의 첨가 구별 차이는 없었고 미생물의 생육에 큰 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 효소활성의 경우 액화효소인 $\alpha$-amylase의 활성은 서서히 감소하여 숙성 후에는 효소의 활성이 거의 실활되었고 당화효소인 $\beta$-amyase의 활성은 숙성 30일까지 큰 폭으로 증가했다가 숙성 60일에 급격히 감소하였으며, 전반적으로 대조고추장에 비하여 다시마 고추장의 $\beta$-amylase의 활성이 약간 높게 나타났다. 단백질 분해효소인 acid protease 및 neutral protease의 활성은 숙성 30일까지는 증가하였으나 그 이후에는 불규칙적인 증감현상을 보이며 120일까지 감소하였다.