• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2018

계단 주파수 레이더(Stepped Frequency Radar: SFR)는 송신 펄스의 주파수를 점진적으로 증가시켜 넓은 합성 대역폭을 만듦으로써 높은 거리 해상도를 얻는 방식이다. 그런데 이동표적의 경우 거리-도플러 결합(range-Doppler coupling) 현상으로 정확한 거리 추정을 할 수 없게 되므로 정확한 속도 추정을 통한 보상이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 코히어런트 펄스열(Coherent Pulse Train: CPT)을 갖는 계단 주파수 레이더 파형을 제안하고, 이를 이용한 속도 추정 및 파라미터에 따른 결과를 기존의 VMD(Velocity Measurement Data) 방식과 시뮬레이션을 통해 비교하고 분석하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권12호
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• pp.1737-1743
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• 2013

This paper proposes the range and velocity of the object estimation method using a moving camera. Structure and motion (SaM) estimation is to estimate the Euclidean geometry of the object as well as the relative motion between the camera and object. Unlike the previous works, the proposed estimation method can relax the camera and object motion constraints. To this end, we arrange the dynamics of moving camera-moving object relative motion model in an appropriate form such that the nonlinear observer can be employed for the SaM estimation. Through both simulations and experiments we have confirmed the validity of the proposed estimation algorithm.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.820-832
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• 2019

Estimation of accurate blood volume flow in ultrasound Doppler blood flow spectrograms is extremely important for clinical diagnostic purposes. Blood volume flow measurements require the assessment of both the velocity distribution and the cross-sectional area of the vessel. Unfortunately, the existing volume flow estimation algorithms by ultrasound lack the velocity space distribution information in cross-sections of a vessel and have the problems of low accuracy and poor stability. In this paper, a new robust ultrasound volume flow estimation method based on multigate (RMG) is proposed and the multigate technology provides detail information on the local velocity distribution. In this method, an accurate double iterative flow velocity estimation algorithm (DIV) is used to estimate the mean velocity and it has been tested on in vivo data from carotid. The results from experiments indicate a mean standard deviation of less than 6% in flow velocities when estimated for a range of SNR levels. The RMG method is validated in a custom-designed experimental setup, Doppler phantom and imitation blood flow control system. In vitro experimental results show that the mean error of the RMG algorithm is 4.81%. Low errors in blood volume flow estimation make the prospect of using the RMG algorithm for real-time blood volume flow estimation possible.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.625-628
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• 2007

We present an efficient and robust technique to estimate the velocity of moving targets from a single SAR image. In SAR images, azimuth image shift is a well known phenomenon, which is observed in moving targets having slant-range velocity. Most methods estimated the velocity of moving targets from the distance difference between the road and moving targets or between ship and the ship wake. However, the methods could not be always applied to moving targets because it is difficult to find the road and the ship wake. We adopted a method estimating the velocity of moving targets from azimuth differentials of range-compressed image. This method is based on an assumption that Doppler center frequency shift of moving target causes a phase difference in azimuth differential values. The phase difference is linearly distorted by Doppler rate due to the geometry of SAR image. The linear distortion is eliminated from phase removal procedure, and the constant phase difference is estimated. Finally, range velocity estimates for moving targets are retrieved. This technique is tested using an ENVISAT ASAR image in which several unknown ships are presented. The theoretical accuracy of this technique is discussed by SAR simulation. The advantages and disadvantages of this method over the conventional method are also discussed.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.421-430
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• 2007

This paper presents the results of the ocean surface current velocity estimation using 6 Radarsat-1 SAR images acquired in west coastal area near Incheon. We extracted the surface velocity from SAR images based on the Doppler shift approach in which the azimuth frequency shift is related to the motion of surface target in the radar direction. The Doppler shift was measured by the difference between the Doppler centroid estimated in the range-compressed, azimuth-frequency domain and the nominal Doppler centroid used during the SAR focusing process. The extracted SAR current velocities were statistically compared with the current velocities from the high frequency(HF) radar in terms of averages, standard deviations, and root mean square errors. The problem of the unreliable nominal Doppler centroid for the estimation of the SAR current velocity was corrected by subtracting the difference of averages between SAR and HF-radar current velocities from the SAR current velocity. The corrected SAR current velocity inherits the average of HF-radar data while maintaining high-resolution nature of the original SAR data.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2010

Since the change in Doppler centroid according to moving targets brings alteration to the phase in azimuth differential signals of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, one can measure the velocity of the moving targets using this effect. In this study, we will investigate theoretically measuring the velocity of an object from azimuth differential signals by using range compressed data which is the interim outcome of treatment from the simulated SAR raw data of moving targets on the background of sea clutter. Also, it will provide evaluation for the elements that affect the estimation error of velocity from a single SAR sensor. By making RADARSAT-1 simulated image as a specific case, the research includes comparisons for the means of velocity measurement classified by the directions of movement in the four following cases. 1. A case of a single target without currents, 2. A case of a single target with tidal currents of 0.5 m/s, 1 m/s, and 3 m/s, 3. A case of two targets on a same azimuth line moving in a same direction and velocity, 4. A case of a single target contiguous to land where radar backscatter is strong. As a result, when two moving targets exist in SAR image outside the range of approximately 256 pixels, the velocity of the object can be measured with high accuracy. However, when other moving targets exist in the range of approximately 128 pixels or when the target was contiguous to the land of strong backscatter coefficient (NRCS: normalized radar cross section), the estimated velocity was in error by 10% at the maximum. This is because in the process of assuming the target's location, an error occurs due to the differential signals affected by other scatterers.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권1A호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 주파수 영역에서의 간단한 zero-forcing 기법을 이용한 속도 적응형 채널 추정 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 최적의 채널 추정 기법인 Wiener 필터의 주파수 응답을 구형(rectangular)으로 근사화하여 유도된다. 채널 추정 과정은 수신 신호에서 최대 도플러 주파수보다 큰 주파수 성분들을 제거함으로써 수행된다. 제안된 기법은 채널 계수와 이동체 속도에 대한 동시 추정 기법으로 확장 가능하며, 하나의 FFT 구조를 사용하여 효과적으로 구현 가능하다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안된 채널 추정 기법은 기존의 속도 적응형 채널 추정 기법들보다 넓은 속도 범위에서 낮은 채널 추정 MSE 성능을 보여주며, 확장된 동시 추정 기법은 다양한 채널 환경에서 안정된 추정 성능을 보인다. 마지막으로 제안된 기법에 대한 MSE 성능이 수식적으로 유도된다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2005

거리 및 속도 측정 알고리즘은 거리 및 도플러 주파수 영역에서 등 간격으로 구성된 정합필터 출력을 이용하여 정밀한 표적 위치를 추정하는 과정이다. 특히 다기능 레이다용 측정 알고리즘은 동시에 다 표적 추적이 가능하도록 정밀도 뿐만 아니라 수행시간에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 모노 펄스(monopulse) 레이다 각도추정에 사용되는 변별기(discriminator)추정방식을 거리 및 속도 측정에 적용하여 알고리즘 성능분석 결과를 제시한다. 적용된 추정방법은 추정 시 수행시간이 일정하므로 다중 표적 추적에 적합하다. 하지만 최소한의 채널 출력만을 이용한 추정방법이므로 측정 정밀도에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통해 기존 무게중심 추정방식의 측정 알고리즘과 정밀도 측면에서 성능을 비교하여 적용한 방법의 우수성을 보이고, 또한 펄스 폭, 채널 간격 등 프로세싱 변수 변화에 따른 RMS 에러 계산을 통해 알고리즘 자체 특성을 분석한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1822-1825
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• 2003

A practical range estimator based on the robust Kalman filter is proposed to solve the range estimation problem for surface to air missile(SAM) homing guidance. Apart from the previous works based on the extended Kalman filter(EKF) with bearing only measurement, the proposed scheme makes use of line-of-sight(LOS) rate to ensure the fast convergency at long-range. In this reason, the robust Kalman filter is considered to deal with LOS rate measurement error. The recursive linear structure of proposed filter is easy to implement and make it possible to reduce computational burdens. Moreover, it shows good estimation performance without specific guidance law such as oscillation proportional navigation guidance(OPNG).

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.599-604
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• 2018

계단 주파수 레이더는 송신 펄스의 주파수를 일정한 간격으로 증가시켜 넓은 합성 대역폭을 생성함으로써 고해상도 거리추정을 구현하는 방식이다. 그러나 이동표적의 경우에는 거리-도플러 결합 현상으로 인해 정확한 거리 추정이 어렵게 된다. 본 논문에서는 초기에 코히어런트 펄스열을 갖는 계단 주파수 레이더 파형을 이용하여 이동표적의 속도를 추정하고, 거리-도플러 결합 현상을 보상함으로써 얻어지는 고해상도 거리 추정 과정을 분석하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 이를 검증하였다.