• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2011

This paper presents the methods to acquire the Safety Certificate from Independent Safety Assessment based on the IEC or EN standard which is commonly applied to railway system for Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system in accordance with ERTMS/ETCS Level 1 system. This also shows approach methods and relative activities for project lifecycle to accomplish and ensure the system requirements of ATP system, RAMS and system quality activities. These kind of activities for quality assurance of ATP system to obtain Safety Certificate could improve the quality of domestic railway system based on On-Board system of ERTMS/ETCS Level 1 and also contribute to the growth of railway business.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.157-160
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• 2007

Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the breast is a rare clinical entity, and is believed to be of schwannian origin and to follow a benign clinical course. A 50-year-old woman presented with a slowly growing mass in the right breast. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed a cellular smear containing isolated or clustered cells showing round to oval nuclei with abundant oncocytic granular cytoplasm. Nuclei showed a fine granular chromatin pattern and occasional small single nucleoli. Cell boundaries were poorly defined, and naked nuclei were frequently found, Histologically, the tumor showed features of typical GCT, and immunohistochemical staining findings strongly supported the diagnosis. The present study demonstrates that GCT of the breast can mimic malignant lesions of breast both clinically and radiologically. The recognition of its cytologic features and suspicion of this lesion would undoubtedly aid the correct diagnosis of mammary GCT.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.391-394
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• 2003

IEC 62278, a standard for Railway applications of RAMS, was established in 2002. This IEC standard is based on CENELEC EN 50126 and covered overall railway fields. Activities that had to be performed from concept to decommissioning and disposal of railway system life-cycle, were contained in this standard. On the flow of internationalization, our Railway Authorities and railway support industry need to understand and apply this standard to railway fields. In this paper Railway RAMS in IEC 62278 is introduced.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.206-212
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• 2004

This paper is application of System Assurance(SA) for the rolling stock. As railway systems become more complex, design teams are increasingly under pressure to deliver, design solutions, which integrate both technical and Systems Assurance(SA). Systems Assurance is the application of management methods and analysis techniques to ensure that a design meets Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) criteria. It should be clearly understood that the intent of System Assurance is not just to provide analytical techniques as a metric on performance, but more importantly it should provide a management tool with which to co-ordinate and assure the whole design. System Assurance encompasses the ongoing requirement to consider safety, and RAM through each stage of a Project, from feasibility study through to commissioning and operation. If System Assurance is undertaken properly at feasibility study at the design stages of a Project, the benefits of such analyses can be significant in identifying potential problems early enough for action to be taken before manufacture or installation. At commissioning, RAMS demonstration activities are undertaken to validate the predictive and analytical techniques undertaken during the design.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.209-209
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• 2011

산지하천의 비율이 높은 국내 하천은 주로 만곡도가 높은 사행하천으로 이루어져 있으며, 만곡부가 교호적으로 나타나는 사행하천의 흐름구조는 매우 복잡하다. 산지하천의 특성상 홍수시에는 유속이 매우 빠르게 나타나며 하천의 수위가 상승하게 될 때 만곡부에서의 흐름 회전 방향이 나선형 흐름으로 바뀌어 하류방향으로 주 흐름에 중첩하여 발생하는 이차류로 인해 하도가 불안정해지고 내 외측의 수위차가 발생하는 편수위가 발생하면서 하도 바깥쪽으로 수위가 상승하는 현상이 나타나게 된다. 따라서 집중호우로 인해 하천에서 발생하는 재해는 주로 만곡부를 중심으로 발생하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 만곡부의 외측부에서 발생하는 수위상승으로 인해 제방의 월류 피해와 이차류로 인한 침식피해를 유발하게 되는 문제를 사전에 예측하기 위하여 $90^{\circ}$ 실험하도와 $180^{\circ}$ Sharp 실험하도에 2차원 유한요소 모형인 RAMS 모형을 적용하여 수리특성을 살펴보았으며, 모의 결과에 대한 정확도를 살펴보기 위해 실측자료와 비교 검토하였다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 만곡부에서 발생가능한 제방침식이나 월류로 인한 하천에서의 피해 방지에 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1113-1125
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• 2008

In this paper we present a RAMS to be applied to the development of the Urban Maglev Train Signalling System. The RAMS that can be applied to the life cycle of a Signalling system, from the basic design to the dismantlement, shows the whole process of the paper work in detail through the establishment of a goal, analysis and assessment, the verification. In this paper we study about the making a plan, the preliminary hazard analysis, the hazard identification and analysis to guarantee the safety of the Signalling System. The process for the verification of the system safety is divided into several steps based on the target system and the approaching method. The guarantee of the system safety and the improvement of the system reliability is followed by the recommendation of the international standards.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.75-76
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• 2004

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02b
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• pp.150.1-150.1
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.05b
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• pp.51-58
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• 2006

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.463-469
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• 2005

An attempt was made to analyze the factors affecting mating performance of rams in pen mating systems. Due to many types of social interactions, mating performance of rams may decrease or increase. Six intact Muzaffarnagari rams were used and divided into three dominant subordinate pairs by food and ewe competition test. For dominant rams subordinate ram became competitor and vice versa. In the first experiment, ram was exposed to ewe but the competitor ram was kept outside the pen with the facility of visibility only. In the second experiment each ram was exposed to ewe along with the competitor ram and in third experiment ram was exposed to ewes (two) along with competitor ram in observation pen. Recordings of different mating and agonistic behaviour were done in all the experiments. It was found that subordinate ram's mating behaviour was inhibited by mere presence of a dominant ram out side without physical contact. However, when ram exposed to oestrus ewe(s) along with competitor ram, both dominant and subordinate rams spent much of their time in guarding activities instead of mating. In addition dominant ram tried to curtail the subordinate ram mating by agonistic interaction like fight and butting. Different guarding activities were observed either as active or passive type depending on level of dominanace. It was concluded that in a limited space the interaction of two or more rams might affect the number of services adversely.