• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2012

이 논문에서는 $Radix-4^2$알고리즘을 사용한 저면적 FFT 구조를 제안한다. 큰 point의 FFT는 여러 개의 직렬연결 스테이지로 구성되는데, $Radix-4^2$알고리즘을 사용하면 매 2 스테이지마다 곱셈 종류의 수가 3인 스테이지가 생긴다. 이 사실을 이용하여 곱셈 연산 종류의 수가 3인 스테이지의 구현 면적을 줄이는 구조를 제안하였다. 예를 들면 4096-point FFT는 6개의 스테이지로 구성되는데 $Radix-4^2$ 알고리즘을 사용하면 3개의 스테이지가 곱셈연산 종류의 수가 3이다. 이 3개의 스테이지의 곱셈 연산 하드웨어는 CSD(Canonic Signed Digit) 계수 방식과 CSS(Common Sub-expression Sharing) 기술을 사용하여 구현면적 감소시킬 수 있었다. 제안된 방식을 사용하여 256-point FFT 구조를 설계하여 Verilog-HDL 코딩하였다. 또한 tsmc $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS 라이브러리를 사용하여 합성하여 구현한 결과 $1.971mm^2$의 cell area를 얻었다. 이와 같은 합성 결과는 기존 구조와 비교하여 약 23%의 cell area 감소 효과를 보였다.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.63-76
• /
• 2006

Objective: These studies were undertaken to evaluate the effects of the different administration duration of Morindae Radix extract solution on spermatogenic abilities such as concentration, motility and morphological normality of sperm from the testes and the activities of sperm hyaluronidase. Materials and Method: We used 8-week-old ICR mice and administered 0.3mg/g extract solution of Morindae Radix once a day for 30, 60, 90 and 120 days. The control group was administered normal saline in the same way and duration. We examined the number of total, motile and normal sperm from the cauda epididymis. We also compared the testicular tissue, especially seminiferous tubules, between the control and treated groups by histochemical methods. Finally, we observed the difference of sperm hyaluronidase activities between the control and treated groups. Results: Significant administration duration-dependent differences were observed in the concentration of total sperm, motility and normality of spermatozoa of the Morindae Radix extract solution administered groups compared to the control group. In the histological analysis of the testicular tissues, the enlargement of testicular lobe diameter and apparent vasculogenesis between testicular lobes were observed in the Morindae Radix extract solution administered groups compared to the control group. Also, the activity of hyaluronidase was significantly increased in the Morindae Radix extract solution administered groups compared to the control group. Conclusions: This study shows that the beneficial effect of Morindae Radix extract solution on the concentration, motility and morphology of sperm, the testicular tissues and the activities of sperm hyaluronidase increased the greater the duration the mice were administered it. We suggest that Morindae Radix may be useful for the treatment of male sexual dysfunction and infertility.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.129-145
• /
• 2018

Objectives : This report describes 70prescriptions related to the use of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata mainly blended from Dongeuibogam. Methods : The following conclusions were drawn through investigations on the pre-scriptions that use Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata as a key component. Results : Prescriptions that Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata was taken as a monarch drug are utilized for 31 therapeutic purposes, for example, cold disease, stool disease, child disease. In particular, 17.3% of prescriptions appear in the chapter of cold. Prescriptions that utilize Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata as the main component are used in the treatment of cold, diarrhea and child disease, Bi syndrome due to pathogenic wind, cold and damp and they are also used for treating 55 different types of disease. Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is used in pathogenic factors such as wind, cold and dampness and used in pathology related to the kidney and spleen and stomach system. The dosage of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is 2pun(about 0.75g) to 5don(about 18.8g), however 1don(about 3.75g)~1don 5pun(about 5.63g) has been taken the most for clinical application. Conclusions : Gangbutang and Ijungtang are the most useful base prescriptions which use the Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata as the main ingredient.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.247-261
• /
• 2006

In oriental medicine, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus are frequently used materials for anti-inflammatory effect especially urinary tract disease and for neuropsychosis. Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun(方藥合編) is widely used for clinical herbal prescription book. In Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun(방약합편), Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is used 0.8g~16g. and Gardeniae Fructus is used 1.2g~6g. The most important fact is that the prescriptions used Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus at the same time are 4(Yang-Gyuk-San, Pal-Jung-San, Sa-Chung-Hwan, Suk-Gyul-Myung-San. The ratio of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus are 2:1, 1:1, 1:1, 1:2 ). The number of prescription Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is total 45. 1 in sang-tong(上統), 5 in jung-tong(中統), 39 in ha-tong(下統). The group of mostly used disease is about urinary tract. The ratio of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is 3.33%~57.14%. And the ratio of Gardeniae Fructus is 3.47%~98%. The mostly quoted medical literature what prescription included Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun are Dong-Yi-Bo-Gam and Man-byung-hoe-chun.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2015

This paper presents the design of a low-power, low area 256-radix 16-bit crossbar switch employing a 2D Hyper-X network topology. The Hyper-X crossbar switch realizes the high radix of 256 by hierarchically combining a set of 4-radix sub-switches and applies three modifications to the basic Hyper-X topology in order to mitigate the adverse scaling of power consumption and propagation delay with the increasing radix. For instance, by restricting the directions in which signals can be routed, by restricting the ports to which signals can be connected, and by replacing the column-wise routes with diagonal routes, the fanout of each circuit node can be substantially reduced from 256 to 4~8. The proposed 256-radix, 16-bit crossbar switch is designed in a 65 nm CMOS and occupies the total area of $0.93{\times}1.25mm^2$. The simulated worst-case delay and power dissipation are 641 ps and 13.01 W when operating at a 1.2 V supply and 1 GHz frequency. In comparison with the state-of-the-art designs, the proposed crossbar switch design achieves the best energy-delay efficiency of $2.203cycle/ns{\cdot}fJ{\cdot}{\lambda}2$.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2002

본 연구에서는 국내에서 유통되는 63종의 한약재 열수 추출물의 S. mutans에 대한 항균효과를 paper disc method로 검색하여, 항균효과가 우수한 지부자, 황금의 S. mutans 생장에 관한 영향을 평가하였다. 1. 63종의 한국산 한약재 열수 추출물의 향균효과를 탐색한 결과 S. mutans에 대한 향균력이 우수한 순서는 지부자, 황금순이었다. Paper disc method에 의한 항균활성 측정(20mg/ml 투여)결과는 지부자가 6.3mm, 황금이 3.5mm이었다. 2. 한약재 추출물의 S. mutans 생장에 대한 효과는 대조군이 8시간에서 1.05로 최대 생장률을 보였으나, 지부자, 황금 추출물 2mg/ml을 투여한 배지에서는 16시간 만에 0.91, 0.87로 최대 생장을 보였다. 3. S. mutans를 8시간 동안 배양한 후 배지내 pH를 측정한 결과 대조군은 5.08 이었으며, 지부자, 황금 추출물이 투여된 배지는 5.80, 5.74이었다. 4. S. mutans를 8시간 동안 배양한 후 배지내 탄수화물 변화량을 측정한 결과 대조군은 0.81mg/ml이었으며, 지부자, 황금 추출물이 투여된 배지는 1.70mg/ml, 1.84mg/ml 이었다. 5. S. mutans를 8시간 동안 배양한 후 배지내 단백질 변화량을 측정한 결과 대조군은 8.39mg/ml 이었으며, 지부자, 황금 추출물이 투여된 배지는 9.52mg/ml, 9.28mg/ml 이었다. 6. S. mutans의 다당류 생성에 미치는 효과는 대조군의 경우 배양 8시간에 300mg/100ml을 생성하였으나, 지부자, 황금 추출물이 투여된 배지에서는 200mg/100ml, 220mg/100ml을 생성하였다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.659-665
• /
• 2017

본 논문에서는 MIMO(multiple input multiple output) 시스템을 위한 저복잡도 FFT(fast Fourier transform) 프로세서의 설계 및 구현 결과를 제시하였다. 무선랜을 이용한 다양한 멀티미디어 서비스 등을 이용하기 위해 높은 채널 용량과 Gbps급 전송이 가능한 시스템에 대한 요구와 함께 IEEE 802.11ac 규격이 채택되었다. MIMO-OFDM (orthogonal frequency duplex multiplexing) 기술을 사용하는 IEEE 802.11ac 규격의 무선랜 시스템은 최대 8개의 안테나 구성 및 20-160 MHz 대역폭을 지원해야한다. 따라서, 제안된 FFT 프로세서는 8채널 64, 128, 256, 512 point 가변길이를 지원한다. 또한, 비단순 승산기의 수를 감소시키기 위해서 MRMDC(mixed-radix multipath delay commutator) 구조를 적용하였고, 이로 인해 제안된 FFT 프로세서는 기존 FFT 프로세서에 비해 현저히 낮은 복잡도로 구현 가능하다. 구현 결과, 제안된 FFT processor는 기존 방식인 radix-2 SDF 구조 대비 gate count가 50 % 감소 가능하였고, 8 채널 MR-2/2/2/4/2/4/2 MDC 구조와 8채널 MR-2/2/2/8/8 MDC 구조 대비 logic gate 수를 각각 18 %와 17 % 감소 가능함이 확인되었다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.39-53
• /
• 2018

Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the herbal prescription and composition of the leading experimental studies of herbal medicine extract in arthritis model and to analyze the way of setting model and the way of validating effect of the leading experimental studies of herbal medicine extract in arthritis model. Methods The Subjects were selected by select criteria and exclusion criteria from January 1, 2000 to September 30, 2017. The herbal prescription and composition of the selected subjects were analyzed. The effects and statistical significance of selected studies were verified by comparing the control and treatment groups of frequently used cytokines (tumor necrosis factor $[TNF]-{\alpha}$, interleukin $[IL]-1{\beta}$, IL-6). Results 52 kinds of herbal prescriptions and 118 kinds of individual herbs were used in 64 studies. Among the 52 kinds of herbal prescriptions, Daeganghwal-tang (4 times) was used most frequently. Among the 118 kinds of individual herbs, Glycyrrhizae Radix (49 times), Angelicae Giantis Radix (34 times), Osterici Radix (24 times) were used most frequently in order. The prescription that has the highest $TNF-{\alpha}$ decline is Changchooldoin-tang. The prescription that has the highest $IL-1{\beta}$ decline is Banggibokryeong-tang. The prescription that has the highest IL-6 decline is Gwanjeol8ho-bang. Conclusions Daeganghwal-tang (herbal prescription) and Glycyrrhizae Radix, Angelicae Giantis Radix, Osterici Radix (individual herbs) were used most frequently. The prescriptions that have the highest cytokines decline were Changchooldoin-tang, Banggibokryeong-tang and Gwanjeol8ho-bang.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
• /
• 제46권12호
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2009

본 논문에서는 MIMO-OFDM 기반의 SDR 시스템을 위한 효율적인 FFT 구조를 제안한다. 제안한 scalable FFT/IFFT 프로세서는 64/128/512/1024/2048-point FFT 연산을 가변적으로 수행할 수 있다. 또한 mixed radix (MR) 기법과 multi-path delay commutator (MDC) 구조를 사용하여 비단순 승산을 줄임으로써 기존의 설계 구조에 비해 시스템 수율 변화 없이 하드웨어 복잡도를 크게 감소시켰다. 제안된 scalable FFT/IFFT 프로세서는 하드웨어 설계 언어 (HDL)를 이용하여 설계 되었고, 0.18um CMOS 스탠다드 셀 라이브러리를 이용하여 논리 합성되었다. 논리합성 결과 4채널 radix-2 single-path delay feed back (R2SDF) FFT 프로세서와 비교시 59% 감소된 게이트 수와 39% 감소된 메모리로 구현 가능함을 확인하였고, 4채널 radix-2 MDC (R2MDC) FFT 프로세서와 비교시 16.4% 감소된 게이트 수와 26.8% 감소된 메모리로 구현 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제34권1호통권132호
• /
• pp.10-13
• /
• 2003

This study is to establish the quality control method of Adenophorae Radix. (6R,7R)-E,E-tetradeca-4,12-diene-8,10-diyne-1,6,7-triol (1) isolated from this plant was adequate as an analytical marker. Content of 1 in Adenophorae Radix was $0.006\;{\pm}\;0.003%$ (n = 43). In addition, total ash content was $6.5\;{\pm}\;4.0%$, and loss on drying was $12.1\;{\pm}\;2.1%$.