• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2015

More recently, companies that have obtained permission to use radioactive materials or radiation device and registered radiation workers have increased by 10% and 4% respectively. The increased use of radiation could have an effect on radiation safety control. However, there is not nearly enough manpower and budget compared to the number of workers and facilities. This paper will suggest a counteroffer thought analyzing pending issues. The results of this paper indicate that there are 47 and 31.3 workers per radiation protection officer in educational and research institutes, respectively. There are 20.1 persons per RPO in hospitals, even though there are 2 RPOs appointed. Those with a special license as a radioisotope handler were ruled out as possible managers because medical doctors who have a special license for radioisotope handling normally have no experience with radiation safety. The number of staff members and budget have been insufficient for safety control at most educational and research institutes. It is necessary to build an optimized safety control system for effective Radiation Safety Control. This will reduce the risk factor of safety, and a few RPOs can be supplied for efficiency and convenience.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 1999

The purposes of this study are to analyze the realities after enforcements of safety control regulations for diagnostic X-ray equipments and to suggest means for an improvement of low radiation safety control. A questionnaire survey for medical radiologic technologists was carried out to determine enforcement effects of the safety control regulations. The results of analysis from the survey are as follows. That is, most of the respondents realized the importance of the radiation safety control system, but about a half of them revealed that the regulations were not well observed in accordance with their purposes. Only 43.9% of the respondents took an active part in quality control and safety control of radiation. And respondents responsibility, sex, age, and knowledge for safety control were important indicators for observations of the regulations. Trainings for the safety control regulations are needed to ensure safety control and proper usage of diagnostic X-ray equipments. And management of organizations using diagnostic X-ray equipments have to understand and stress the importance of radiation safety control system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.1715-1720
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• 2019

Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI), TRIGA Mark II reactor employs the homogeneous mixture of uranium and zirconium hydride fuel type. Since its upgrade, a series of fresh fuel steady state experimental benchmarks have been conducted. The benchmark results have provided data for testing computational neutronics codes which are important for reactor design and safety analysis. In this work, we investigated the JSI TRIGA Mark II reactor neutronics characteristics: the effective multiplication factor and two safety parameters, namely the control rod worth and the fuel temperature reactivity coefficient using SuperMC. The modeling and real-time cross section generation methods of SuperMC were evaluated in the investigation. The calculation analysis indicated the following: the effective multiplication factor was influenced by the different cross section data libraries; the control rod worth evaluation was better with Monte Carlo codes; the experimental fuel temperature reactivity coefficient was smaller than calculated results due to change in water temperature. All the results were in good agreement with the experimental values. Hence, SuperMC could be used for the designing and benchmarking of other TRIGA Mark II reactors.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.255-263
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• 2001

An Orphan Sources Control program controlled by a web based information system in Korea has been developed to satisfy the national demand on a total management of and integrated radiation safety. There are, currently, three approaches going on to control and manage the orphan sources in Korea. First, Korean regulatory authority has been conducting scrutinizing investigation on and thoroughly monitoring the possession of unlicensed radioactive sources from the late 1990s. Second, the regulatory authority will fully operate an information system on radiation safety to effectively trace and monitor all radioactive sources in the country by the mid 2001. Finally, the regulatory authority strongly advises steel mill companies to closely scrutinize and inspect the scrap metals when they attempt to reutilize metals to prevent from being contaminated by uncontrolled sources through the scrap monitoring systems.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

Purpose: This study investigated the effects that the use of a booklet for intensive care unit nurses had on radiation safety management education (knowledge about and behaviors in radiation safety management, and awareness of anxiety caused by radiation hazards). Methods: A randomized control group pretest-posttest design was used. A booklet about radiation safety management developed by the authors was used as educational material. Participants (N=42) were intensive care unit nurses of P hospital in B city. Training was provided to the experimental group (N=21). Knowledge about and behaviors in radiation safety management and awareness of anxiety caused by radiation hazards were measured by questionnaires before and after the intervention. Data was analyzed by an $X^2$-test, non-paired t-test, and paired t-test. Results: There was a significant difference between groups in knowledge of (t=-14.932, p<.001) and behaviors in (t=-8.297, p<.001) radiation safety management and awareness of anxiety caused by radiation hazards (t=9.378, p<.001). Conclusion: The levels of knowledge about and behaviors in radiation safety management and awareness of anxiety generated by radiation hazards of intensive care unit nurses increased after receiving one session of radiation safety management education using the booklet. Therefore, providing radiation safety management training is suggested as an effective strategy for improving radiation safety management.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.11
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• pp.2452-2459
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• 2020

Neutron spectrum is essential to the safe operation of reactors. Traditional online neutron spectrum measurement methods still have room to improve accuracy for the application cases of wide energy range. From the application of artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm in spectrum unfolding, its accuracy is difficult to be improved for lacking of enough effective training data. In this paper, an adaptive deviation-resistant neutron spectrum unfolding method based on transfer learning was developed. The model of ANN was trained with thousands of neutron spectra generated with Monte Carlo transport calculation to construct a coarse-grained unfolded spectrum. In order to improve the accuracy of the unfolded spectrum, results of the previous ANN model combined with some specific eigenvalues of the current system were put into the dataset for training the deeper ANN model, and fine-grained unfolded spectrum could be achieved through the deeper ANN model. The method could realize accurate spectrum unfolding while maintaining universality, combined with detectors covering wide energy range, it could improve the accuracy of spectrum measurement methods for wide energy range. This method was verified with a fast neutron reactor BN-600. The mean square error (MSE), average relative deviation (ARD) and spectrum quality (Qs) were selected to evaluate the final results and they all demonstrated that the developed method was much more precise than traditional spectrum unfolding methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2015

Objectives: To investigate safety and health management, conditions in factories or facilities handling radiation-generating devices and radioactive isotopes were reviewed in terms of regulations of radiation safety control in Korea. Radiation exposure levels generated at those facilities were directly measured and evaluated for establishing an effective safety and health management plan. Methods: Government organizations with laws and systems of radiation safety and health were investigated and compared. There are three laws governing radiation-related employment such as occupational safety and health acts, nuclear safety acts, and medical service acts. We inspected 12 workplaces as research objects:four workplaces that manufacture and assemble semiconductor devices, three non-destructive inspection workplaces that perform inspections on radiation penetration, and five workplaces in textile and tire manufacturing. Monitoring of radiation exposure was performed through two methods. Spatial and surface monitoring using real-time radiation instruments was performed on each site handling radiation generating devices and radioactive isotopes in order to identify radiation leakage. Results: According to the occupational safety and health act, there is no legal obligation to measure ionizing radiation and set dose limits. This can cause confusion in the application of the laws, because the scopes and contents are different from each other. Surface dose rates in radiation generating devices such as implanters, thickness gages and accelerators, which were registered according to nuclear safety acts, using surveymeters, and seven of 36 facilities(19.4%) exceeded the international standards for surface radiation dose of $10{\mu}Sv/hr$. Conclusions: The results showed that occupational health and safety acts require a separate provision for measuring and assessing the radiation exposure of workers performing radiation work. Like noise, ionizing radiation will also periodically be controlled by including it in the object factors of work-environment measurement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.432-439
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the knowledge, attitudes, safety management behavior, and radiation anxiety of dental hygienists and to analyze affecting factors in order to improve the level of radiation safety management and reduce anxiety. The study period consisted of 280 dental hygienists working in Jeollabuk-do from September 10 to October 31, 2017 using the SPSS 12.0 program, frequency, descriptive statistics, and multiple regression analysis. The average knowledge level of radiation quality control was 8.07, and the correct answer rate was 75.3%. The attitude level was 96.1%, and the radiation safety management behavior was 4.11 for the photographer and 4.58 for the 'always wear a TLD (personal dosimeter) during radiography'. Patient radiation safety management behavior was 3.86, and the highest was '4.69' to confirm pregnancy of the woman before radiography. Radiation-covered lining was 3.86, and was the highest at 4.13 for 'I am concerned about fetal health when I am pregnant'. Factors affecting radiation exposure anxiety were lower radiation safety management behaviors, lower age, lower radiographic experience, higher educational background, higher monthly income, and higher job title (p<0.05). Based on the above results, dental hygienists had strong knowledge, attitudes, and safety management practices for radiation quality control. However, since anxiety related to radiation exposure was high, it is possible to improve radiation safety management level and reduce radiation exposure anxiety.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.1884-1887
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• 1997

The increasing concern over radiation exposure in the nuclear industry has fostered agrressive efforts to reduce the levels of radiation exposure. One area of the effot to reduce the radiation exposure is the development of a remote radiation monitoring system. Remote radiation monitoring can serve many benificaial functions reduce exposure to radiation by plant personnel, impruve the quality of the data that is collected and recognize the radiation environment easily. Radiation mapping system gives a good information that represents radiation level distribution. The system we have developed consists of a data acquistion parts, mobile robot and remote control parts. Data acquisition parts consist of radiation detection module and vision acquistion module which collect radiation data, visiion data and distance information. In remote control parts, the acquision data are processed and displayed. We have constructed radiation mapping image by overlaying the vision and radiation data. The radiation mapping techniques for displaying the results of the survey in an easily comprehendable form will facilitate a better understanding of the radiation environment in the facility. This system can reduce workers radiation exposure and aid to help work plan, so it has significant benifits in cost and safety.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2022

The study developed a radiation dose measurement program in the radiology laboratory to measure how much exposure the students are exposed to during the radiology class, to request for the improvement and the revision of the current Nuclear Safety Act. The experimental program is shown in the following figure, and experiments were conducted to determine the degree of radiation exposure in the control room with a lead gown at a distance of 1 m, 2 m, and 1 m, and in a control room with a radiographic lead glass wall. The duration of the experiment was 3 months from April to June, when radiation imaging practice classes were conducted, and 128 hours of imaging practice per month were conducted. In order to find out the dose of radiation dose during radiology imaging practice class, the experiment was carried out from April to June for 3 months, and according to the program, the results of exposure dose were 0.34 mSv at 1 m distance, 0.01 mSv at shielding of lead gown at 1 m distance, 0.16 mSv at 2 m distance, and 0.01 mSv at control room with radiation lead glass wall. The exposure dose from the test results was much below the annual general public limit dose of 1 mSv. The restriction on the operation of the radiation equipment in the practice of the students is a regulation that infringes the right of students to learn, and amendments or exemptions of Nuclear Safety Act should be enacted to ensure that it does not violate the fundamental right to learn for students in radiology.