• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1250-1264
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• 2017

This paper presents the architecture design, implement, experimental validation of a bistatic backscatter wireless communication system in Wi-Fi network. The operating principle is to communicate a tag's data by detecting the power level of the power modulated Wi-Fi packets to be reflected or absorbed by backscatter tag, in interconnecting with Wi-Fi device and Wi-Fi AP. This system is able to provide the identification and sensor data of tag on the internet connectivity without requiring extra device for reading data, because this uses an existing Wi-Fi AP infrastructure. The backscatter tag consists of Wi-Fi energy harvesting part and a backscatter transmitter/a power-detecting receiver part. This tag can operate by harvesting and generating energy from Wi-Fi signal power. Wi-Fi device decodes information of the tag data by recognizing the power level of the backscattered Wi-Fi packets. Wi-Fi device receives the backscattered Wi-Fi packets and generates the tag's data pattern in the time-series of channel state information (CSI) values. We believe that this system can be achieved wireless connectivity for ultra- low-power IoT and wearable device.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2008

In this paper, we implement an automatic entity information management system for smart refrigerator using RFID technology in which objects containing electronic tags are automatically identified using radio wave. Unlike current "smart" refrigerators, the system presented in this paper implements smart tag information acquisition mechanism and real-time information management system to provide various information on entities in refrigerators to local and remote users. As the first step, this paper analyzes the requirements for smart refrigerator system based on the RFID and suggests design considerations. Based on the analysis, we propose and implement an efficient tag location tracking method based on antenna transfer method and an intelligent tag information management system based on embedded database and web server. We also provide a wide range of experimental results on the number of tags identified at a time and the tag recognition ratio according to the RFID antenna transfer speed and the angle between tag reader and tags.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.21-25
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• 2014

As wireless power transfer (WPT) technology using strongly coupled electromagnetic resonators is a recently explored technique to realize the large power delivery and storage without any cable or wire, this technique is required for diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs) since it makes possible a convenient charging system. Typically, since the normal conducting coils are used as a transmitting coil in the CPT system, there is limited to deliver the large power promptly in the contactless EV charging system. From this reason, we proposed the combination CPT technology with HTS transmitting antenna, it is called as, superconducting contactless power transfer for EV (SUWPT4EV) system. As the HTS coil has an enough current density, it can deliver a mass amount of electric energy in spite of a small scale antenna. The SUCPT4EV system has been expected as a noble option to improve the transfer efficiency of large electric power. Such a system consists of two resonator coils; HTS transmitting antenna (Tx) coil and normal conducting receiver (Rx) coil. Especially, the impedance matching for each resonator is a sensitive and plays an important role to improve transfer efficiency as well as delivery distance. In this study, we examined the improvement of transmission efficiency and properties for HTS and copper antennas, respectively, within 45 cm distance. Thus, we obtained improved transfer efficiency with HTS antenna over 15% compared with copper antenna. In addition, we achieved effective impedance matching conditions between HTS antenna and copper receiver at radio frequency (RF) power of 370 kHz.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.23 no.9A
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• pp.2153-2164
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• 1998

This paper has presented the parameters for the coexistence between two systems in macro/microcell ovelaid W-CDMA WLL (wideband CDMA wireless local loop) and has calculated the capacity of forward/reverse link in microcell. To produce the capacity for analyzing system interference effects, we have shown tables and graphs with the parameters sucyh as RF channel bandwidth of WLL(W), the transmission rate of service message(R), the required signal power to noise power ratio( $E_{b/}$ $N_{0}$) for achieving accepatable error rate, te user number ( $N_{W1}$, $N_{W2}$) of the neighboring system, the signal power to interference power ratio(.GAMMA.$_{C1B}$, .GAMMA.$_{C2B}$) of the neighboring system, the normalized distance(d) between microcell and macrocell base-station, and microcell to macrocell radius ratio ( $R_{d}$). From the results, we have convinced that the capacity of microcell diminishes as increasing the user number ( $N_{W2}$) in macrocell, increasing the microcell radius, and decreasing the normalized distance(d) between microcell and macrocell base-station. Especially, we have known that when $R_{d}$=0.1, $N_{W2}$ must be below 24 at .GAMMA.$_{C2B}$ = 0 dB and below 8 at .GAMMA.$_{C2B}$ = 4 dB for the acceptable capacity raito to be over 80%. Therfore, this paper is usefult to design microcell W-CDMA WLL for accommodating more user number under the interference effects of macrocell W-CDMA WLL and is expected to be reference in power control if base-station.ation.ion.ation.ation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.2A
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• pp.202-208
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• 2010

The performance of upstream transmission in SCM-PON is generally limited by the presence of OBI which is caused by the beating of two or more lasers. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for reducing OBI problem by using heterodyne detection with an additional LD as a local oscillator, resulting that the RF signal is shifted to the other spectal band. In addition, it is possible that the proposed method can provide the cost-effective solution thanks to the loop-back mechanism using R-SOA in ONUs. The performance is superior when the spectral width of LD is smaller and the power difference between the transmission LD and the oscillation LD is bigger. System configuration and design consideration are discussed. Performance of the systems is evaluated by simulator called OptSim. It is expected to provide WDM/SCM-PON system not only cost-effective but also efficient in increasing the number of subscribers.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2018

In this paper, a microstrip-fed triple-band monopole antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications was proposed. The proposed antenna is consist of two arc-shaped and one strip line structure, then get the three current path and then designed in order to get triple resonant characteristics. We carried out simulation about parameters. Taking account of coupling effect, Adjusted the length of the two arc-shaped and one strip line, we get the optimized parameters. The proposed antenna is fabricated on an FR-4 substrate, the dielectric constant is 4.4, and total size is $23.5mm(W1){\times}32.0mm(L1){\times}1.0mm(t)$, and its proposed antenna size is $21.0mm(W6){\times}31.0mm(L7)$. From the measured results, return loss of the proposed antenna satisfied return loss 927 MHz (1.844~2.771 GHz), 926 MHz (3.33~4.256 GHz), and 1,415 MHz (5.13~6.545 GHz). And measured results of gain and radiation patterns displayed for operating bands.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.129-133
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• 2020

In this paper, a temperature compensation circuit is presented in order to mitigate gain variability due to temperature in the W-band low-noise amplifier (LNA). The proposed cascode temperature compensation bias circuit automatically controls gate bias voltages of the common-source LNA in order to suppress variations of small-signal gain. The designed circuit was realized in a 100-nm GaAs pHEMT process. The simulated voltage gain of W-band LNA including the proposed bias circuit is >20 dB with gain variability less than ±0.8 dB in the range of temperatures between -35 to 71℃. We expect that the proposed circuit contributes to millimeter-wave receivers for stable performances in radar applications.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.227-228
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• 2006

In this paper, we introduce the design and fabrication of 60 GHz low noise amplifier MMIC for IEEE802.15.3c WPAN system. The 60 GHz LNA was designed using ETRI's $0.12{\mu}m$ PHEMT process. The PHEMT shows a peak transconductance ($G_{m,peak}$) of 500 mS/mm, a threshold voltage of -1.2 V, and a drain saturation current of 49 mA for 2 fingers and $100{\mu}m$ total gate width (2f100) at $V_{ds}$=2 V. The RF characteristics of the PHEMT show a cutoff frequency, $f_T$, of 97 GHz, and a maximum oscillation frequency, $f_{max}$, of 166 GHz. The performances of the fabricated 60 GHz LNA MMIC are operating frequency of $60.5{\sim}62.0\;GHz$, small signal gain ($S_{21}$) of $17.4{\sim}18.1\;dB$, gain flatness of 0.7 dB, an input reflection coefficient ($S_{11}$) of $-14{\sim}-3\;dB$, output reflection coefficient ($S_{22}$) of $-11{\sim}-5\;dB$ and noise figure (NF) of 4.5 dB at 60.75 GHz. The chip size of the amplifier MMIC was $3.8{\times}1.4\;mm^2$.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2016

We have demonstrated a $Ti:LiNbO_3$ electro-optic electric-field sensors utilizing a $1{\times}2$ Y-fed balanced-bridge Mach-Zehnder interferometric (YBB-MZI) modulator which uses a 3-dB directional coupler at the output and dipole patch antenna. The operation and design were proved by the BPM simulation. A dc switching voltage of ~16.6 V and an extinction ratio of ~14.7 dB are observed at a wavelength of $1.3{\mu}m$. For a 20 dBm rf power, the minimum detectable electric-fields are ~1.12 V/m and ~3.3 V/m corresponding to a dynamic range of about ~22 dB and ~18 dB at frequencies 10 MHz and 50 MHz, respectively. The sensors exhibit almost linear response for the applied electric-field intensity from 0.29 V/m to 29.8 V/m.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.23-29
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• 2012

The LC-based digitally controlled oscillator (LC-DCO), a key component of the all digital phase locked loop (ADPLL), is designed using $0.18{\mu}m$ RFCMOS process with 1.8 V supply. The NMOS core with double cross-coupled pair is chosen to realize wide tuning range, and the PMOS varactor pair that has small capacitance of a few aF and the capacitive degeneration technique to shrink the capacitive element are adopted to obtain the high frequency resolution. Also, the noise filtering technique is used to improve phase noise performance. Measurement results show the center frequency of 2.7 GHz, the tuning range of 2.5 GHz and the high frequency resolution of 2.9 kHz ~7.1 kHz. Also the fine tuning range and the current consumption of the core could be controlled by using the array of PMOS transistors using current biasing. The current consumption is between 17 mA and 26 mA at 1.8V supply voltage. The proposed DCO could be used widely in various communication system.