• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2016

Bacterial wilt of tomatoes caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating disease that limits the production of tomato in Korea. The best way to control this disease is using genetically resistant tomato plant. The resistance degree to R. solanacearum was evaluated for 285 tomato accessions conserved in the National Agrobiodiversity Center of Rural Development Administration. These accessions of tomato were originated from 23 countries. Disease severity of tomato accessions was investigated from 7 days to 14 days at an interval of 7 days after inoculation of R. solanacearum under greenhouse conditions. A total of 279 accessions of tomato germplasm were susceptible to R. solanacearum, resulting in wilt and death in 70 to 90% of these plants. Two tomato accessions were moderately resistant to R. solanacearum. Only four accessions showed high resistance against R. solanacearum. No distinct symptom of bacterial wilt appeared on the resistant tomato germplasms for up to 14 days after inoculation of R. solanacearum. Microscopy of resistant tomato stems infected with R. solanacearum revealed limited bacterial spread with thickening of pit membrane and gum production. Therefore, these four resistant tomato germplasms could be used in tomato breeding program against bacterial wilt.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.173-188
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• 2005

The present study aims to derive and compare narrow and broad bandwidths of ocean color sensor’s algorithms for the study of monitoring highly dynamic coastal oceanic environmental parameters using high-resolution imagery acquired from Multi-spectral Camera (MSC) on KOMPSAT-2. These algorithms are derived based on a large data set of remote sensing reflectances ($R_{rs}$) generated by using numerical model that relates $b_b/(a + b_b)$ to $R_{rs}$ as functions of inherent optical properties, such as absorption and backscattering coefficients of six water components including water, phytoplankton (chl), dissolved organic matter (DOM), suspended sediment (SS) concentration, heterotropic organism (he) and an unknown component, possibly represented by bubbles or other particulates unrelated to the first five components. The modeled $R_{rs}$ spectra appear to be consistent with in-situ spectra collected from Korean waters. As Kompsat-2 MSC has similar spectral characteristics with Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM), the model generated $R_{rs}$ values at 2 ㎚ interval are converted to the equivalent remote sensing reflectances at MSC and TM bands. The empirical relationships between the spectral ratios of modeled $R_{rs}$ and chlorophyll concentrations are established in order to derive algorithms for both TM and MSC. Similarly, algorithms are obtained by relating a single band reflectance (band 2) to the suspended sediment concentrations. These algorithms derived by taking into account the narrow and broad spectral bandwidths are compared and assessed. Findings suggest that there was less difference between the broad and narrow band relationships, and the determination coefficient $(r^2)$ for log-transformed data [ N = 500] was interestingly found to be $(r^2)$ = 0.90 for both TM and MSC. Similarly, the determination coefficient for log-transformed data [ N = 500] was 0.93 and 0.92 for TM and MSC respectively. The algorithms presented here are expected to make significant contribution to the enhanced understanding of coastal oceanic environmental parameters using Multi-spectral Camera.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.304-310
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• 2024

Ricin is a highly toxic protein which is produced in the seeds of the castor oil plant. Ricin toxin A chain has ribosomal RNA N-glycosylase activity that irreversibly hydrolyses the N-glycosidic bond of the adenine residue at position 4324 within the 28S rRNA. In this study, we developed non-toxic recombinant ricin vaccine(R51) in E. coli expression system, and evaluated efficacy of the R51 according to adjuvants. When the R51 was administered using aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant, the vaccine efficacy was higher than that of TLR agonists or aluminum phosphate. Because it is time-consuming to administer the vaccine three times at three-week intervals, we investigated the survival rate and antibody titer of mice according to the change of time interval of vaccination. Interestingly, there was no difference in survival rate and antibody titer when R51 was administered at 0, 1, and 3 weeks or 0, 2, and 4 weeks compared to when administered at 0, 3, and 6 weeks. Therefore, the developed R51 vaccine is promising to protect soldiers from Ricin attack.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2001

1998년 1월 7일부터 1998년 12월 6일까지 총 333일간 경북 포항시 구룡포읍 장길리 연안에서 채묘 후 1년이 경과한 체고 $10.1\~15.8mm$ 사이의 새끼 우렁쉥이 Halocynthia roretzi (von Drasche)를 대상으로 수층별, 수하연 시설 간격별 및 종묘생산지별의 성장에 관하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수온은 $12.07{\sim}24.14^{\circ}C$의 분포 범위로 7월의 2m층이 가장 높았고, 염분은 $32.53{\sim}33.73\%_{\circ}$의 분포 범위로 7, 8월이 낮고, 10, 11월이 높았으며, 용존산소는 $6.60{\sim}9.77mg/L$의 분포 범위로 $4\~5$월이 높고, 7월이 낮았으며, 그 외 환경도 우렁쉥이 성장에 영향을 미치는 사항은 발견할 수 없었다. 2. 종묘생산지별 월별 체고 성장은 양식 시작시 체고가 남해안산이 15.81 mm, 동해안산 10.12mm, 일본산 15.34mm인 것이 11월에는 각각 74.64mm ($\pm7.19mm$), 72.80 mm ($\pm11.67mm$), 73.90mm ($\pm5.71mm$)로 성장하여 종묘에 따른 체고 성장에 대한 통계적인 차이는 없었으며, 이들 각각에 대한 성장식은 다음과 같이 회귀직선식으로 표시할 수 있었다. 남해안산 $$TH=5.8996D+13.43\;(R^2=0.9133)$$ 동해안산 $$TH=6.1560D+5.3362\;(R^2=0.9852)$$ 일본산 $TH=6.0739D+11.743\;(R^2=0.9053)$$ 또한 체고 (TH)에 대한 체중 (TOW)의 성장식은 다음과 같이 지수곡선식으로 표시되었다. 남해안산 $$TOW=0.0008TH^{2.6042}\;(R^2=0.9567)$$ 동해안산 $$TOW=0.0005TH^{2.7284}\;(R^2=0.9638)$$ 일 본 산 $4TOW=0.001TH^{2.5677}\;(R^2=0.9666)$$ 3. 수하연 시설 간격별 체고 성장은 2.5m와 2.0m가 서로 유사한 성장을 보이면서 1.5m나 1.0m 시설구보다 높았고, 체고의 일간 성장율은 2.5m, 2.0m, 1.5 m, 1.0m 순위였으나 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 체중의 일간 성장율은 2.5m 시설구가 다른 시설구에 비해 높았다. 4. 수층별 성장은 $10\~12m$ 수층에서 성장이 가장 양호하였고, 다음이 $14\~16m$수층과 $6\~8m$수층으로 이들 두 수층간에는 유사한 성장을 보였고, $2\~4m$ 수층이 가장 낮은 성장을 보였다. 특히 $10\~12m$ 수층에서 체고의 성장률은 성장기 II와 IV구간에서 각각 $244{\mu}m/day$ 및 $338{\mu}m/day$로 비교적 높았고, I구간에서는 $108{\mu}m/day$로 가장 낮았다.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2011

본 연구는 구급대원의 외상성 스트레스, 사회적지지, 업무부담감과 대처형태를 알아보고 외상성스트레스와 적극적 대처에 영향을 주는 영향변수들을 알아보고자 하였다. 2009년 4~5월까지 중앙소방학교에서 교육 중인 전국과 C도에서 근무하는 구급대원들을 편의표집하여 총143부가 SPSS WIN 14.0 program을 이용하여 분석되었다. 외상성스트레스 검사는 Weiss(1997)가 다시 제작한 IES-R 도구를 사용하였고 최은숙(2000)이 수정, 개발한 업무부담감 측정도구와 오진환(2006)의 연구에서 수정 보완한 사회적 지지 측정도구와 이장호(1988)등의 연구에서 총 62문항으로 구성된 대처방식을 측정도구를 사용하여 분석하였다. 외상성스트레스 고위험군은 74명(51.7%)로 나타났고 일반적 특성에 따른 외상성스트레스 정도는 나이, 결혼, 학력, 직급에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 유의수준 p=0.000에서 고위험군이 외상성 스트레스의 모든 세 하위영역(t=20.25), 업무부담감(t=5.75), 소극적 대처(t=4.19)와 적극적 대처방법(t=5.61)에서 높은 것으로 나타났다. 외상성스트레스와 주요변인간 상관관계는 유의수준 p=0.000에서 사회적 지지를 제외한 업무부담감(r=0.508), 적극적 대처(r=0.375), 소극적 대처(r=0.505)와 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구급대원들의 외상성스트레스에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 업무 부담감(0.371)과 소극적 대처(0.366)로 나타났고 또한 외상성 스트레스 고위험군에 가장 영향을 주는 변수로도 업무 부담감(odds ratio=1.064, 95% 신뢰구간:1.031-1.103)과 소극적 대처(odds ratio=1.050, 95% confidence interval:1.022-1.080)로 나타나 일치하였다. 적극적 대처에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 외상성 스트레스(0.392)와 사회적지지(0.158)로 나타났다. 따라서 구급대원의 외상성 스트레스를 감소하기 위해 업무부담감을 줄이고 소극적 대처를 감소시키고 대신 사회적 지지를 높여 적극적 대처를 할 수 있는 정책적 대안이 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.63-77
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• 2010

Infinite finite range inequalities relate the norm of a weighted polynomial over ${\mathbb{R}}$ to its norm over a finite interval. In this paper we extend such inequalities to generalized polynomials with the weight $W(x)={\prod}^{m}_{k=1}{\mid}x-x_k{\mid}^{{\gamma}_k}{\cdot}{\exp}(-{\mid}x{\mid}^{\alpha})$.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.527-547
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• 2009

Moving object management is widely used in traffic, logistic and data mining applications in ubiquitous environments. It is required to analyze spatio-temporal data and trajectories for moving object management. In this paper, we proposed a novel index structure for spatio-temporal aggregation of trajectory in a constrained network, named aCN-RB-tree. It manages aggregation values of trajectories using a constraint network-based index and it also supports direction of trajectory. An aCN-RB-tree consists of an aR-tree in its center and an extended B-tree. In this structure, an aR-tree is similar to a Min/Max R-tree, which stores the child nodes' max aggregation value in the parent node. Also, the proposed index structure is based on a constrained network structure such as a FNR-tree, so that it can decrease the dead space of index nodes. Each leaf node of an aR-tree has an extended B-tree which can store timestamp-based aggregation values. As it considers the direction of trajectory, the extended B-tree has a structure with direction. So this kind of aCN-RB-tree index can support efficient search for trajectory and traffic zone. The aCN-RB-tree can find a moving object trajectory in a given time interval efficiently. It can support traffic management systems and mining systems in ubiquitous environments.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Compelling evidence indicates that consumption of trans-fatty acids (TFA) is associated with a wide range of diseases. However, few validated tools for TFA intake assessment are available in Korea. We aimed to validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) estimating usual intake of TFA in Korean adults. MATERIALS/METHODS: Eighty-two healthy adults completed an FFQ with a 3-day diet record (3DDR), and 58 completed a second FFQ at a 1-month interval. To assess the reproducibility of the FFQ, we compared estimated TFA intakes from each FFQ. To assess the validity, we compared estimates from the FFQ with those from the 3DDR. RESULTS: The FFQ was reproducible (Spearman r = 0.71) and provided modest correlations with the 3DDR (Spearman r = 0.38). After adjustment for total energy intake, the correlations increased (r = 0.45). Measurement-error correction also de-attenuated the correlations (r = 0.57). When quintiles of the FFQ and 3DDR were joint-classified, 9% on average were misclassified into extreme quintiles. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the developed FFQ is reproducible and reasonably valid in categorizing individuals according to TFA intakes among healthy young and middle aged adults in Korea.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2008

This study is to investigate cardiotonic effect of acupuncture on heart rate variability(HRV) analyzed by a nonlinear way(DFA, Detrended Fluctuation Analysis). It was designed as a randomized, single-blind, waiting list-controlled, cross-over study. We assessed heart rate and R-R intervals in Circadian electrocardiography with a Holter monitoring device for twelve hospitalized participants. The compatible analytical program, Zymed, was used for generating the signals of R-R intervals from 24 hour-ECG. In DFA analysis, we produced DFA alpha 1, alpha 2 parameters according to the process of Cygwin module of Linux server. We tested if there was any difference between HRV parameters using SPSS, a statistical package. There was no difference between acupuncture and no treatment group in DFA alpha 2 parameter {95% Confidence Interval (-)0.058 - 0.037, P = .565}. Two group all showed large intra-individual variations. Consequently, acupuncture treatment did not modulate the complexity of HRV in a DFA analysis. This study can be a rationale for acupuncture's properties on cardiovascular and autonomic systems.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of robot-assisted hand rehabilitation(Amadeo(R)) on hand motor function in chronic stroke patients. This study used a single-subject experimental design with multiple baselines across individuals. Three chronic stroke survivors with mild to sever motor impairment took part in study. Each participants had 2 weeks interval of starting intervention. Participants received robot-assisted therapy(45min/session. 3session/wk for 6wks). Finger active range of motion(AROM) was assessed by Range of Assessment program in Amadeo(R), and test-retest reliability was verified using Pearson correlation analysis. To investigate effect of Amadeo(R), finger AROM was measured immediately after each sessions and Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper extremity, Motor Activity Log, Nine hole peg board test and Jebsen-Taylor hand motor function test were assessed at pre-post intervention. Results were analyzed by visual analysis and comparison of pre-post tests. The test-retest reliability of Range of Assessment was good(r=.99). After robot-assisted therapy, finger AROM of participant 1, 2, and 3 was respectively improved by 18%, 3.6%, and 6% each. Hand motor function of participant 1, 3 was improved on all four tests, but not effect in participant 2. Robot-assisted hand rehabilitation could improve finger AROM and effect on hand motor function in chronic stroke patients.