• Title/Summary/Keyword: R-113

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Prediction of condensation heat transfer coefficients inside horizontal tube in annular flow regime (환상유동 영역에서의 수평관내 응축 열전달계수 예측)

  • Kwak, Kyung-Min;Bae, Chul-Ho;Jung, Mo;Lee, Sang-Chun
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.732-742
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    • 1998
  • Prediction method for heat transfer coefficients in a horizontal smooth tube with forced convection condensation is proposed. In this paper, the analogy between momentum and heat transfer was applied to an annular flow regime and the logarithmic velocity distribution is applied to describe the velocity profile within the liquid film. Prediction results are compared with those of experimental ones. The test refrigerants are R113, R22, R134a, R407C(R33/R125/R134a, 23/25/52 wt%), R410A(R32/R125, 50/50 wt%) and R134a+R123(R134a/R123, 85.5/14.5 wt%) which are used under operating conditions in a condenser of air-conditioner. The proposed prediction method shows good agreement with experimental data within$\pm 30%$ for pure refrigerants. For the mixture refrigerants including the ternary mixture refrigerant R407C, condensation heat transfer from this study are higher than those from experiments. By correcting the constant in two-phase frictional multiplier, the predicated heat transfer coefficients become similar to the experimental results.

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A Model of System Design for Rewarding Researchers' Performance on R&D Activities (R&D 활동에서 연구자의 성과보상을 위한 시스템설계모형)

  • 박준호;김점복;권철신
    • Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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    • 1998.10a
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    • pp.111-113
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    • 1998
  • In this paper, we deal with the model to reward researchers' performance. The rewards which disregarded the preference of researchers don't satisfy researchers, but cause, only conflicts. In order to increase the researchitivity by resolving these researchers' conflicts, we design a new model on the performance rewarding system. For this purpose, we investigate preference structure on the reward of researchers by the$\ulcorner$conjoint analysis$\lrcorner$. And we propose some reasonable and practical programs to reward performance on the basis of the investigation..

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△-CLOSURES OF IDEALS WITH RESPECT TO MODULES

  • Ansari-Toroghy, H.;Dorostkar, F.
    • Honam Mathematical Journal
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.101-113
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    • 2008
  • Let M be an arbitrary module over a commutative Noetherian ring R and let ${\triangle}$ be a multiplicatively closed set of non-zero ideals of R. In this paper, we will introduce the dual notion of ${\triangle}$-closure and ${\triangle}$-dependence of an ideal with respect to M and obtain some related results.

A NONHARMONIC FOURIER SERIES AND DYADIC SUBDIVISION SCHEMES

  • Rhee, Jung-Soo
    • East Asian mathematical journal
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.105-113
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    • 2010
  • In the spectral analysis, Fourier coeffcients are very important to give informations for the original signal f on a finite domain, because they recover f. Also Fourier analysis has extension to wavelet analysis for the whole space R. Various kinds of reconstruction theorems are main subject to analyze signal function f in the field of wavelet analysis. In this paper, we will present a new reconstruction theorem of functions in $L^1(R)$ using a nonharmonic Fourier series. When we construct this series, we have used dyadic subdivision schemes.

A Study on Communication Driver for Substation Automation based on IEC 61850 (IEC 61850 기반의 디지털 변전소를 위한 통신 드라이버에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Yil-Hwa;Choi, Chul-Hwan;Han, Jin-Hee;Chun, Tae-Young;Shin, Yang-Hark
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.111-113
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    • 2006
  • Substation automation is one of the key issues for the enhancement of the power industrial foundation. IEC 60850 is an international standard specifying communication network and systems in substation. It supports interchangeability and interoperability of equipments from different vendors. ACSI(Abstract communication service interface) specifies basic communication structure for substation and IEDs. It supports communication as well as various services without proper protocols. For actual communication, MMS(Manufacturing Message Specification : ISO 9506) is used to map ACSI services. Solutions for the development of communication driver based don IEC 61850 are proposed in this paper.

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Yield Loss Assessment and Determination of Control Thresholds for Powdery Mildew of Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L) (시설 고추에 발생하는 흰가루병의 경제적 방제수준에 따른 고추수확량 변화 예측)

  • Kim, Ju-Hee;Cheong, Seong-Soo;Lee, Ki-Kwon;Yim, Ju-Rak;Shim, Hong-Sik;Lee, Wang-Hyu
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.113-118
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    • 2015
  • This study was carried out to develop the economic thresholds for powdery mildew on pepper. To investigate the relationship between powdery mildew incidence degree and yield, experimental plots with ten treatments as initial disease degree were established. Disease intensity exhibited negative and significant correlation with fruit characters like fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight. The adverse effect of the disease on these characteristics was low yield, exhibiting significant negative correlation with disease intensity. There existed close correlation between rate of infected leaf area and yields in the plastic house (Chonhatongil: Y = -3.44X+291.09 $R^2=0.73$, Buchon: Y = -2.14X+327.9 $R^2=0.78$). There existed close correlation between rate of infected leaf area and yield loss in the plastic house (Chonhatongil: Y = 2.14X+15.45 $R^2=0.76$ $r=0.87^{**}$, Buchon: Y = 3.44X+114.21 $R^2=0.73$ $r=0.85^{**}$). Control thresholds diseased rate on powdery mildew of pepper was below 3.2 to 7.3% rate of infected leaf area per plant in the plastic house. The economic thresholds for powdery mildew of pepper was below 3.8 to 6.2% rate of infected leaf area per plant in the plastic house.

OPPORTUNISTIC REPLACEMENT POLICIES UNDER MARKOVIAN DETERIORATION

  • Chang Ki-Duck;Tcha Dong-Wan
    • Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.113-123
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    • 1978
  • Consider a series system of two units, named 1 and 2, respectively. Two units are observed at the beginning of discrete time periods t=0,1,2, $cdots$ and classified as being in one of a countable number of states. Let (i, r) be a state of the system at time t, when the state of unit 1 is i and state of unit 2 is r at time t, Under some conditions, the opportunistic replacement policy that minimizes the expected total discounted cost or the average cost of maintenance is shown to be characterized by the control limits $i^{*}(r)$ (a function of r) and $r^{*}(i)$ (a function of i) : (a) in observed state (i, r), the optimal policy for unit 1 is to replace if $i{\ge}i^{*}(r)$ and no action otherwise; (b) in observed state (i, r), the optimal policy for unit 2 is to replace if $r{\ge}r^{*}(i)$ and no action otherwise. In addition, this paper also develops optimal policy in the finite time horizon case, where time horizon is fixed or a finite integer valued r.v. with known pmf.

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