• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.103-107
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• 2002

The Good Agriculture Practice (GAP) program, being established in China, is an optimal way for the sustainable utilization of the medicinal plant and animal resources. Most frequently used Chinese materia medica will be mainly produced from the GAP bases in the future. To assure the successful operation of GAP program, standard operating procedure (SOP) should be implemented for specific plants or animals. Both GAP and SOP include the requirements in many aspects from the ecological environment of cultivation place, germplasm and varieties, seedling and transplant, fertilization, irrigation, and field care, to harvest and process, package, transport and storage. As a complex system, GAP demands strong commitment from the pharmaceutical industry, local administrative involvement, long term R&D support, and years of time of development before a satisfactory result can be achieved.

• Transactions of the KSME C: Technology and Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2014

Generally the lower part of the Earth's atmosphere, which is 20km above the ground, is called "air." The composition of this area is almost consistent consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases. Air density refers to the mass per unit volume of earth atmosphere. Though air is made of the mixed gases in a constant composition, the water vapor is one of the very changeable components. The density of moist air is lower than the dry one at the same temperature and pressure. As the density varies according to the pressure and temperature, this paper attempts to explore the main factors in the air quantity calculation by examining first the density calculation process according to the air property, and second the relation between the actual and standard air flow.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.106-113
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• 2008

The starter motor noise is usually well identified by the customers since it is operated while the engine is quiet, and leaves distinct impressions of the vehicle. In this study the design of experiments(DOE) was applied to the identification of the noise sources of direct drive starter motor since this process usually requires lengthy analysis and elaborate experiments. In the first stage of the test, five controllable factors(alignment and dynamic unbalance of armature, tightening torques of T/bolt and center bracket bolt, and alignment of the center bracket-yoke-rear bracket), excluding static unbalance, are sorted out of all possible factors. Test results showed that the dynamic unbalance and misalignment of armature are the major factors. However, the error level of the first test was relatively high, indicating that there might be some missing major factors. In the second stage test the results showed that both static and dynamic unbalances are the dominant factors contributing to more than 80% of the overall noise, while the misalignment contributes around 12%. Error of the second test was about 4% that could be considered satisfactory. The noise level of the optimal product was predicted to be reduced by 19dBA, and verification test showed the average noise reduction of 16.8dBA with the standard deviation of 3.2dBA, and proved the usefulness of the whole DOE process.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Product lifecycle management (PLM) is a new business strategy for enterprise's product R&D. A PLM system holds and maintaining the integrity of the product data produced throughout its entire lifecycle. There is, therefore, a need to build a safe and effective product data model to support PLM system. The paper proposes a domain-based product data model for PLM. The domain modeling method is introduced, including the domain concept and its defining standard along the product evolution process. The product data model in every domain is explained, and the mapping rules among these models are discussed. Mapped successively among these models, product data can be successfully realized the dynamic evolution and the historical traceability in PLM system.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.305-314
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• 2003

The ROPS of an agricultural tractor is designed to protect its driver when the tractor overturns. Although the current OECD tests to determine whether the ROPS meets the requirements of the OECD regulation are desirable, they need long time to test. We experimental time and effort by using CAE. We conducted a finite element analysis for the ROPS design of a Dae-Dong tractor cabin in an attempt to reduce the design and manufacturing time. This study shows the interpretative skill using MARC(v.2000) for designing ROPS and difference between the results of testing and FEA. Design process is generally divided into two phases: a concept and a detail design. The concept design uses simple analysis to predict structural behavior, whereas the detail design involves a finite element analysis performed by the results of the concept design. This study focused on the detail design and used Patran(v.2000r2) and MARC(v.2000) of the MSC software corporation. The model consisted of 4812 elements and 4582 nodes. Four tests. specified in the OECD standards, were performed: (1) longitudinal loading test (2) rear crushing test (3) side loading test (4), and front crushing test. Independent analyses were also performed for each test, along with a sequential analysis. When compared, the results of the independent and sequential analyses were found to be similar to the test results.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.199-203
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• 2011

With the improvement of standard of manufacturing process, oil cooling unit for manufacturing machine has been developed. A control system must be designed in order to keep oil temperature of the machine within a very restricted range and also to reduce energy consumption. In order to get the low deviation of the controlled temperature and the low efficiency, the on/off control scheme is gradually being replaced by a variable speed refrigeration system (VSRS) with an inverter driven compressor over recent decades. This paper gives the flowchart to control the compressor speed and also the electronic expansion valve (EEV) aperture in oil cooling unit refrigeration system using R22 as the refrigerant. This control scheme has already tested in experiment apparatus with room temperature condition constant at $25^{\circ}C$ and variable load condition at 4kW, 6kW, 7kW, 8kW and 10kW.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.261-278
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• 2003

Concepts.Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Concept with Handling Substrate.Low Accuracy Placement Layout with Isolation Trench.Possible Pitch of Interconnections down to $10{\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ (Sn-Grains).Wafer-to-Wafer Equipment Adjustment Accuracy meets this Request of Alignment Accuracy (+/-1.5 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$).Adjustment Accuracy of High-Speed Chip-to-Wafer Placement Equipment starts to meet this request.Face-to-Face Modular / SLID with Flipped Device Orientation.interchip Via / SLID with Non-Flipped Orientation SLID Technology Features.Demonstration with Copper / Tin-Alloy (SLID) and W-InterChip Vias (ICV).Combination of reliable processes for advanced concept - Filling of vias with W as standard wafer process sequence.No plug filling on stack level necessary.Simultanious formation of electrical and mechanical connection.No need for underfiller: large area contacts replace underfiller.Cu / Sn SLID layers $\leq$ $10{\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in total are possible Electrical Results.Measurements of Three Layer Stacks on Daisy Chains with 240 Elements.2.5 Ohms per Chain Element.Contribution of Soldering Metal only in the Range of Milliohms.Soldering Contact Resistance ($0.43\Omega$) dominated by Contact Resistance of Barrier and Seed Layer.Tungsten Pin Contribution in the Range of 1 Ohm

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2023

3D printing is a technology that can transform and process computerized data obtained through modeling or 3D scanning via CAD. In the medical field, studies on customized 3D printing technology for clinical use or patients and diseases continue. The importance of research on filaments and molding methods is increasing, but research on manufacturing methods and available raw materials is not being actively conducted. In this study, we compare the characteristics of each material according to the manufacturing method of the phantom manufactured with 3D printing technology and evaluate its usefulness. We manufactured phantoms of the same size using poly methyl meta acrylate (PMMA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) based on the international standard phantom of aluminum step wedge. We used SITEC's radiation generator (DigiRAD-FPC R-1000-150) and compared the shielding rate and line attenuation coefficient through the average after shooting 10 times. As a result, in the case of the measured dose transmitted through each phantom, it was confirmed that the appearance of the dose measured for phantoms decreased linearly as the thickness increased under each condition. The sensitivity also decreased as the steps increased for each phantom and confirmed that it was different depending on the thickness and material. Through this study, we confirmed that 3D printing technology can be usefully used for phantom production in the medical field. If further development of printing technology and studies on various materials are conducted, it is believed that they will contribute to the development of the medical research environment.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.26-33
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• 2016

A camp program where the theory of inventive problem solving TRIZ is applied to real problems of the industry was developed and taught at a five-day seminar apart from the standard curriculum at a university D in Gyeonggido. This study focuses on the educational effect that the TRIZ method has on the engineering students when their creative problem solving skills are required to solve industry problems on their own with the knowledge from their courses. For five days, the students were educated about TRIZ and assigned a real industry problem "Removal of friction caused by bubble formation in water heating pipelines". By applying TRIZ to the problem, the students developed an "Air removing Air Arrester" which received the evaluation, "with understanding the system architecture and the task objective causes and formation of the problem could be handled which directly helps the company's R&D". In this case, TRIZ offers the students a guideline and knowledge on how to approach problems and as a result the students provided a practical solution. During the process, the TRIZ method instilled confidence in the students and proved to be a motivation. It becomes obvious that this short-term program has a positive effect on students' way of thinking creatively and increasing their problem-solving abilities.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.179-188
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• 2017

The Internet Video Coding (IVC) standard is due to be published by Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) for various Internet applications such as internet broadcast streaming. IVC aims at three things fundamentally: 1) forming IVC patents under a free of charge license, 2) reaching comparable compression performance to AVC/H.264 constrained Baseline Profile (cBP), and 3) maintaining computational complexity for feasible implementation of real-time encoding and decoding. MPEG experts have worked diligently on the intellectual property rights issues for IVC, and they reported that IVC already achieved the second goal (compression performance) and even showed comparable performance to even AVC/H.264 High Profile (HP). For the complexity issue, however, there has not been thorough analysis on IVC decoder. In this paper, we analyze the IVC decoder in view of the time complexity by evaluating running time. Through the experimental results, IVC is 3.6 times and 3.1 times more complex than AVC/H.264 cBP under constrained set (CS) 1 and CS2, respectively. Compared to AVC/H.264 HP, IVC is 2.8 times and 2.9 times slower in decoding time under CS1 and CS2, respectively. The most critical tool to be improved for lightweight IVC decoder is motion compensation process containing a resolution-adaptive interpolation filtering process.