• Plant Resources
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.165-169
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• 2003

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) is herbaceous perennial plants indigenous to North American forests. This is highly valued as medicinal herbs with a long history of collection from wild populations since 1716. Wild American ginseng distributed from Quebec in Canada to northern Florida in USA. A heavy concentration is found in the Appalachian mountains, although wild American ginseng is considered endangered. The price paid for field cultivated ginseng has dropped dramatically in the past 10 years, while the price for wild or woods cultivated ginseng has rised significantly. The price curve for ginseng resembles a roller coaster, reflecting not only supply and demand but many other factors. This information will be useful to understand American ginseng compared to Korean ginseng.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1100-1104
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) program on activities of daily livings (ADLs), quality of life and assistive technology satisfaction for disabled adults in South Korea. Fourteen community-dwelling subjects were participated in a home-based rehabilitation program which performed once a month for 2 months. The outcome measures included Modified Barthel Index (MBI) for assessing ADLs, EuroQol five-dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D) for quality of life (QoL) and Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology 2.0 (QUEST 2.0) for assistive technology. Significant improvements in ADLs, quality of life and assistive technology satisfaction were observed after the program. This study indicated that community-based rehabilitation program is an effective method for improving ADLs, quality of life and assistive technology satisfaction for adults with disabilities.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2012

In the present paper, the mover speed control of a linear induction motor (LIM) using a sliding mode control design is proposed, considering the end effects. First, the indirect field-oriented control LIM is derived, considering the end effects. The sliding mode control design is then investigated to achieve speed- and flux-tracking under load thrust force disturbance. The numerical simulation results of the proposed scheme present good performances in comparison to that of the classical sliding mode control.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제23권1_2호
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• pp.215-228
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• 2007

By using the variational calculus of fractional order, one derives a Hamilton-Jacobi equation and a Lagrangian variational approach to the optimal control of one-dimensional fractional dynamics with fractional cost function. It is shown that these two methods are equivalent, as a result of the Lagrange's characteristics method (a new approach) for solving non linear fractional partial differential equations. The key of this results is the fractional Taylor's series $f(x+h)=E_{\alpha}(h^{\alpha}D^{\alpha})f(x)$ where $E_{\alpha}(.)$ is the Mittag-Leffler function.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2010

To be satisfied with complex load condition of electric vehicle, fuzzy logic control (FLC) is applied to improve speed response and system robust performance of induction traction machine based on indirect rotor field orientation control. The proposed propulsion system consists of two induction motors (IM) that ensure the drive of the two back driving wheels of lightweight electric vehicle by means the vehicle used for passenger transportation. The electronic differential system ensures the robust control of the vehicle behavior on the road. It also allows controlling, independently, every driving wheel to turn at different speeds in any curve. Our electric vehicle fuzzy inference system control's simulated in Matlab SIMULINK environment, the results obtained present the efficiency and the robustness of the proposed control with good performances compared with the traditional PI speed control, the FLC induction traction machine presents not only good steady characteristic, but with no overshoot too.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2011년도 학술발표회
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• pp.90-90
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• 2011

Long-term nonstationary oscillations (NSOs) are commonly observed in hydrological and climatological data series such as low-frequency climate oscillation indices and precipitation dataset. In this work, we present a stochastic model that captures NSOs within a given variable. The model employs a data-adaptive decomposition method named empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Irregular oscillatory processes in a given variable can be extracted into a finite number of intrinsic mode functions with the EMD approach. A unique data-adaptive algorithm is proposed in the present paper in order to study the future evolution of the NSO components extracted from EMD.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.261-271
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• 2020

The 2020 National Building Code of Canada (NBC) and the 2021 International Building Code (IBC) both include Tall Wood Buildings (TWB) and are hailed as documents responsible for the proliferation of Mass Timber construction. Mass Timber construction is critical to reducing the carbon footprint of the construction industry; a sector acknowledged as being one of the greatest contributors of global annual CO₂ emissions. Origine, a 13-storey multi-residential building erected in 2017 in a previously unsuitable site, is currently the tallest all-wood building in North America. This article describes the challenges overcome by the designers and client as they engaged with code officials, building authorities, and fire-service representatives to demonstrate the life-safety performance of this innovative building. It also traces the development of the "Guide for Mass Timber Buildings of up to 12 Storeys" published in Quebec and how it has enabled other significant Tall Wood projects across North America.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.192-202
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 탄소 순환 관련 탄소 배출 시나리오를 통해 고등학교 학생들의 질량 보존의 개념을 확인하는 것이다. 이 연구를 위해 총 76명의 고등학교 2학년 학생들이 참여하였다. 연구 참여자들에게 2013년의 대기 중 이산화탄소 값이 2110년까지 ${\pm}15%$의 변화로 450 ppm와 340 ppm으로 점진적으로 증가 또는 감소되는 두 개의 시나리오를 제시하였다. 시나리오에 따라 연구 참여자들에게 이산화탄소의 배출량 궤적을 그리게 한 후, 이를 설명하게 하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 대부분의 연구 참여자들은 탄소 배출 시나리오에 따른 이산화탄소 배출량과 자연적 순수 제거량에 대한 질량 보존의 추론보다는 이산화탄소 배출량은 앞으로도 계속해서 증가할 것이라는 결과를 나타내었다. 이는 연구 참여자들이 고등학교 지구과학 교과서의 탄소 배출과 관련된 그래프들 즉, 산업혁명 이후 최근까지의 인위적 이산화탄소 배출량 그래프, 대기 중 이산화탄소 농도 그래프, 평균 지구의 온도에 대한 그래프를 통해 이산화탄소 배출량이 계속해서 증가할 것이라는 패턴 매칭(pattern matching)을 생각하게 되었다는 것을 의미한다.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.257-263
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 노인환자들을 대상으로 기본 정보, 휠체어 사용 시 문제점, 휠체어 사용 만족도와 관련된 사용실태 및 요구사항을 조사하여 노인 환자의 휠체어 사용 시 문제점과 어려움을 파악하고, 결과를 토대로 노인 환자의 올바른 휠체어 사용을 위한 대안을 제시하고자 함이었다. 설문지를 통해 조사를 실시하였으며, 설문지는 구현모 등(2005)이 개발한 장애인 휠체어 사용에 대한 설문지와 Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology 2.0을 수정, 보완하여 구성하였다. 150부의 설문지 중 120부를 회수하였으며, 이 중 1부를 제외한 119부에 대한 빈도분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 신체적 손상에서 관절통증을 호소하는 경우가 가장 많았고 휠체어 사용 시 불편함을 느끼는 부위는 허리, 골반 부위가 경우가 많았으며, 휠체어 사용 시 불편함을 느끼는 상황은 경사 이동 시 불편함을 느끼는 경우가 가장 많았다. 대상자의 휠체어 사용 만족도는 다양한 면에서 사용자들이 '보통'으로 응답했다. 휠체어 조작 능력에서는 수동휠체어의 경우 공통적으로 휠리, 층 오르고 내리기, 턱 통과하기에서 어려움을 느끼고 있었으며, 전통휠체어의 경우 틸트와 디클라인 사용, 모터 분리와 조립, 배터리와 충전기 사용에 어려움을 느끼고 있었다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 노인환자의 관절 통증을 줄이고 허리와 골반 부위의 불편함을 줄일 수 있고 경사 이동 시 수월한 휠체어의 디자인 및 외형을 갖출 필요가 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 추후 휠체어 사용 시 노인 환자들이 느끼는 불편함을 줄이고 만족도를 높일 수 있도록 정기적인 실태조사가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권13호
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• pp.5187-5194
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• 2014

Background: Numerous studies have suggested that selenium deficiency may be associated with an increased risk for several types of cancer, but few have focused on thyroid cancer. Materials and Methods: We examined the association between post-diagnostic fingernail selenium levels and differentiated thyroid cancer risk in a French Polynesian matched case-control study. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The median selenium concentration among controls was $0.76{\mu}g/g$. Significantly, we found no association between fingernail selenium levels and thyroid cancer risk after conditioning on year of birth and sex and additionally adjusting for date of birth (highest versus lowest quartile: odds-ratio=1.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.66-1.90; p-trend=0.30). After additional adjustment for other covariates, this association remained non-significant (p-trend=0.60). When restricting the analysis to thyroid cancer of 10 mm or more, selenium in nails was non-significantly positively linked to thyroid cancer risk (p-trend=0.09). Although no significant interaction was evidenced between iodine in nails and selenium in nails effect (p=0.70), a non-significant (p-trend =0.10) positive association between selenium and thyroid cancer risk was seen in patients with less than 3 ppm of iodine in nails. The highest fingernail selenium concentration in French Polynesia was in the Marquises Islands ($M=0.87{\mu}g/g$) and in the Tuamotu-Gambier Archipelago ($M=0.86{\mu}g/g$). Conclusions: Our results do not support, among individuals with sufficient levels of selenium, that greater long-term exposure to selenium may reduce thyroid cancer risk. Because these findings are based on post-diagnostic measures, studies with prediagnostic selenium are needed for corroboration.