• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.48-54
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• 2019

Purpose: Liver metabolism plays a pivotal role in the development of metabolic disorders. We aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory risk factors associated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in young adolescents from an urban population in Korea. Methods: A population of 120 apparently healthy adolescents aged 12-13 years was included in the cross-sectional design study; 58 were overweight or obese and 62 were of normal weight. We estimated anthropometric and laboratory measurements, including waist-to-height ratio, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, aspartate aminotransferases (AST), ALT, and lipid profiles. Results: The mean ages of the overweight or obese and normal weight participants were $12.9{\pm}0.3$ and $13.0{\pm}0.3years$, respectively. Height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, AST, ALT, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score were significantly higher and the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index were significantly lower in the overweight/obese participants in comparison to the normal-weight participants (all P<0.05). In multivariate linear regression analysis, waist-to-height ratio, systolic blood pressure, and HOMA-IR score were independently and positively associated with serum ALT levels. Conclusion: Screening for ALT levels in adolescents may help to differentiate those at risk of metabolic abnormalities and thus prevent disease progression at an early age.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.816-827
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between fear and anger emotions in the discourse produced by the media during the period of major emerging infectious diseases (SARS, Swine Flu, MERS, and COVID-19) that occurred since 2000 in Korea. The researcher collected editorial articles of the major daily newspaper after a significant epidemic of new infectious diseases and analyzed them using the Extended Parallel Processing Model (EPPM) and text mining techniques. In all epidemic times, fear appears stronger than anger, but the smaller the fear, the greater the risk control message is produced. In detail, fear emerges strongly in the discourse of the risk of infectious diseases or the economic crisis. Anger appears strong when the government's quarantine failures, groups where group infections occurred, and concealing information about infectious diseases. In this process, anger is strongly expressed against the factors that threaten the safety of society. Anger is also an emotion that can justify strong quarantine, but it can be the basis for discourse on minority hate. In this respect, anger is a two-sided emotion, so it must be handled carefully in the media.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.185-191
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• 2023

Objective: Although intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a way to deal with in vitro fertilization failure, 3% of couples still experience repeated fertilization failure after attempted ICSI, despite having sperm within normal parameters. These patients are a challenging group whose sperm cannot fertilize the egg during ICSI. Unfortunately, no test can predict the risk of fertilization failure. Phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) and transition nuclear proteins (TNPs) are essential factors for chromatin packaging during sperm maturation. This study aimed to assess PLCζ1 and TNP1 expression in the sperm of patients with fertilization failure and the correlations among the DNA fragmentation index, PLCζ1 and TNP1 gene and protein expression, and the risk of fertilization failure. Methods: In this study, 12 infertile couples with low fertilization rates (<25%) and complete failure of fertilization in their prior ICSI cycles despite normal sperm parameters were chosen as the case group. Fifteen individuals who underwent ICSI for the first time served as the control group. After sperm analysis and DNA fragmentation assays, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses were performed to compare the gene and protein expression of PLCζ and TNP1 in both groups. Results: DNA fragmentation was significantly higher in the fertilization failure group. The qRT-PCR and Western blot results demonstrated significantly lower PLCζ and TNP1 gene and protein expression in these patients than in controls. Conclusion: The present study showed that fertilization failure in normozoospermic men was probably due to deficient DNA packaging and expression of TNP1.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1074-1080
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• 2016

Big data analysis refers the ability to store, manage and analyze collected data from an existing database management tool. Thus, meta-analysis is a statistical integration method that delivers an opportunity to overview the entire result of integrating and analyzing many quantitative research results. Commonly, factors of metabolic syndrome can be defined as abdominal obesity, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol. In this meta-analysis, we concluded that the path between pre and post of the fasting blood glucose had the largest effect size of (r = -.324). Therefore, the effect of soybean food intervention showed an explanatory power of 10%. The second biggest effect size (r = .256) was found the path between pre and post in the waist circumference. Unfortunately, soybean food intake showed no improvement on abdominal obesity. Thus, we present the theoretical and practical implications of these results.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.61-69
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• 2010

The collapse of a slope or cut embankment brings much damage to life and property. Accordingly, it is very important to analyze the spatial distribution by calculating the landslide susceptibility in the estimation of the risk of landslide occurrence. The heuristic, statistic, deterministic, and probabilistic methods have been introduced to make landslide susceptibility maps. In many cases, however, the reliability is low due to insufficient field data, and the qualitative experience and knowledge of experts could not be combined with the quantitative mechanical?analysis model in the existing methods. In this paper, new modeling method for a probabilistic landslide susceptibility analysis combined Bayesian Network with ontology model about experts' knowledge and spatial data was proposed. The ontology model, which was made using the reasoning engine, was automatically converted into the Bayesian Network structure. Through conditional probabilistic reasoning using the created Bayesian Network, landslide susceptibility with uncertainty was analyzed, and the results were described in maps, using GIS. The developed Bayesian Network was then applied to the test-site to verify its effect, and the result corresponded to the landslide traces boundary at 86.5% accuracy. We expect that general users will be able to make a landslide susceptibility analysis over a wide area without experts' help.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.22-31
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• 2021

Objective: This review aims to analyze the effects of electromechanically assisted walking in patients with cerebral palsy(CP). Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We reviewed systematically using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist guidelines. The inclusion criteria for this study were all CP patients. The intervention was electromechanically assisted walking. The outcome measures included gait parameters, function, spasticity. Studies excluded from this review were excluded from the review if they were non-English languages and if the study was not published as a full report, and if they were not randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designs. The RevMan 5.4 program was used to evaluate and explain the results. The risk of bias was evaluated independently by two reviewers. The quantitative meta-analysis, including mean differences (MD) and associated standard deviations (SD) from baseline and follow-up assessments, were recorded. Results: A total of 634 articles were searched. Two hundred eighty-nine duplicate articles were excluded, and 345 of 634 originals were left for selection. Of these 74 papers, 44 were out of topic, and 19 reported no mean or standard deviation values. And one was a non-experimental study. Finally, ten studies were included. All 10 RCTs of electromechanically assisted walking were analyzed. The meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in gait cycle (95% CI (confidence intervals), 0.09 to 0.19, I2=0%), Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) D (95% CI, 3.27 to 13.17, I2=0%) and GMFM E (95% CI, 0.22 to 6.41, I2=0%). Conclusions: Electromechanically assisted training helps in walking in patients with CP.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.363-372
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• 2021

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the diagnostic accuracy of imaging examinations for the detection of peri-implant bone defects and compared the diagnostic accuracy between titanium (Ti) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) implants. Materials and Methods: Six online databases were searched, and studies were selected based on eligibility criteria. The studies included in the systematic review underwent bias and applicability assessment using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool and a random-effect meta-analysis. Summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curves were constructed to compare the effect of methodological differences in relation to the variables of each group. Results: The search strategy yielded 719 articles. Titles and abstracts were read and 61 studies were selected for full-text reading. Among them, 24 studies were included in this systematic review. Most included studies had a low risk of bias (QUADAS-2). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) presented sufficient data for quantitative analysis in ZrO₂ and Ti implants. The meta-analysis revealed high levels of inconsistency in the latter group. Regarding sROC curves, the area under the curve (AUC) was larger for the overall Ti group (AUC=0.79) than for the overall ZrO₂ group (AUC=0.69), but without a statistically significant difference between them. In Ti implants, the AUCs for dehiscence defects(0.73) and fenestration defects(0.87) showed a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of CBCT imaging in the assessment of peri-implant bone defects was similar between Ti and ZrO₂ implants, and fenestration was more accurately diagnosed than dehiscence in Ti implants.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.309-317
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• 2020

Objective: One of the treatment strategies for controlling chronic pain and preventing disability is patient education. Pain neuroscience education (PNE) has been proven to be effective in explaining the biological and physiological processes associated with pain experiences to patients. The purpose of this review is to investigate the effectiveness of PNE for kinesiophobia such as avoidance response in patients with chronic pain. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, and the Cochrane Central Register of controlled trials databases were searched through November 2020 and included a randomized controlled trials evaluating kinesiophobia in musculoskeletal patients with chronic pain. In 8 randomized controlled trial studies, 'Cochrane's risk of bias (RoB) tool was used for qualitative analysis, and results of post-intervention were analyzed through RevMan 5.4 for quantitative analysis. Results: For this review, 8 randomized controlled trials of 369 patients with chronic pain were selected for PNE. A systematic review and meta-analysis also included 8 randomized controlled trials. The effect on kinesiophobia was more effective than the control group (-0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.22 to -0.51; heterogeneity [χ²=21.18, df=7, I²=67%]; overall effect [Z=4.80]). In addition, the effect on pain was more effective than the control group (-0.53; 95% CI, -1.05 to -0.01; heterogeneity [χ²=47.42, df=7, I²=85%]; overall effect [Z=2.01]). Conclusions: The results of this review suggest that PNE and combined PNE have a positive effect on the improvement of pain and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic pain.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to analyze the research trend centering on the theses to cancer nursing research in digestive system released in Korea. Method: The researcher collected the academic degrees and theses published on the book of the academic soceity from January 1993 to August, 2004, and examined 38 domestic papers of cancer nursing research in digestive system. Results: 1) As for the subject, the results were : patients with stomach cancer 25(66%), colon cancer 4(11%), rectal cancer 3(8%), and others(taxi drivers 2, family of cancer patents. 2) As for the research designs the result were : quantitative studies were 33(87%), and qualitative studies were 9(23%). 3) As for key concepts of survey, the results were : life patterns of patients with rectal cancer, oral intake of stomach cancer patients, fatigue of stomach cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, nursing needs when discharging from hospital after operation with gastrectomy, and so on. 4) As for the comparative studies, the results were : risk factors between colorectal patients and general population, early symptom and risk factors between stomach cancer patients and general population, and risk factors between stomach cancer and patients with gastritis. 5) As for main concepts of correlational studies, the results were : quality of life, health belief, fatigue, health promotion behavior, social support, straitanxiety. 6) The treatment of experimental research, the results were : information services, arc reflex massage, acupressure, educational program for discharge, 7)As for the qualitative studies, in terms of subjects, stomach cancer patients were 2, spouse of patients with stomach cancer was 1, rectal cancer patients were 2. In the theme of the qualitative studies, the results were: experience of family of patients with stomach cancer, experience of long term survival of patients with rectal cancer, experience of disease process of rectal cancer patiens. 8) As for the used instrument in studies, the results were : Strait-anxiety Scale by Spielberger, Nausea and Vomiting Scale by Rhodes, Social support by Tae and Lee, Health belief by Champion, Becker, and Moon. QOL by NCCN, Roh, Pdilla, Kwon, Revised Fatigue Scale by Piper, Health Locus of Control by Wallston and Wallston, Uncertainty Scale by Mishel. Conclusions: More research needs to be encouraged in various subject of cancer patients in digestive system. More nonexperimental and experimental researches should be conducted for the establishment of the basis of practical and theoretical framework and the providing good quality of care for cancer patients.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.621-626
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• 2020

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Korea has been gradually increased and it has been reported that dietary life is highly associated with the development of CRC. To investigate dietary attitudes and nutritional risk factors for CRC, we analyzed food intake of 34 patients diagnosed with CRC within 1 year and 51 subjects without gastrointestinal diseases as a control reside in Daegu·Gyeongbuk Area using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The results showed that dietary regularity and variety of food intake in control subjects was better than CRC patients whereas, CRC patients eat more frequently animal and vegetable protein foods, fried foods, green and yellow vegetables, and fruits than control subjects. Nutrient intake analysis showed that Vitamin A, E, K, C, sodium, magnesium, iodine, and cholesterol intake of CRC patients was higher than control subjects. Especially, after adjusting age and sex, regression analysis showed that Vitamin K (OR = 1.022, 95% Cl 1.003-1.043, p = 0.026) and sodium (OR = 1.001, 95% Cl 1.000-1.002, p = 0.032) were identified as risk factors for CRC. In the future, verification of the relationship between these nutrients and CRC risk and appropriate nutrient education will be needed for the prevention of CRC.