• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.85-101
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate smart secondary controls using iPad for the drivers with physical disabilities in the driving simulator. Background: The physically disabled drivers face problems in the operation of secondary control devices that accept a control input from a driver for the purpose of operating the subsystems of a motor vehicle. Many of conventional secondary controls consist of small knobs or switches that physically disabled drivers have difficulties in grasping, pulling or twisting. Therefore, their use while driving might increase distraction and workload because of longer operation time. Method: We examined the operation time of conventional and smart secondary controls, such as hazard warning, turn signal, window, windshield wiper, headlights, automatic transmission and horn. The hardware of smart secondary control system was composed of iPad, wireless router, digital input/output module and relay switch. We used the STISim Drive3 software for driving test, customized Labview and Xcode programs for interface control of smart secondary system. Nine subjects were involved in the study for measuring operation time of secondary controls. Results: When the driver was in the stationary condition, the average operation time of smart secondary devices decreased 32.5% in the normal subjects (p <0.01), 47.4% in the subjects with left hemiplegic disabilities (p <0.01) and 38.8% in the subjects with right hemiplegic disabilities (p <0.01) compared with conventional secondary devices. When the driver was driving for the test in the simulator, the average operation time of smart secondary devices decreased 36.1% in the normal subjects (p <0.01), 41.7% in the subjects with left hemiplegic disabilities (p <0.01) and 34.1% in the subjects with right hemiplegic disabilities (p <0.01) compared with conventional secondary devices. Conclusion: The smart secondary devices using iPad for people with hemiplegic disabilities showed significant reduction of operation time compared with conventional secondary controls. Application: This study can be used to design secondary controls for adaptive vehicles and to improve the quality of life of the people with disabilities.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.675-679
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• 2009

본 연구는 게르마늄(Ge) 처리 및 처리방법에 따른 배 '신고' 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 수확 6개월 후에 저온 저장된 과실을 분석한 결과 Ge처리에 의해서 배 '신고' 품종의 고유한 색깔을 나타내는 담황색을 많이 띄는 과실을 생산하였다. 과실의 형태나 무게는 Ge처리구와 대조구간에 유의성이 없었으며, Ge처리구는, 과실의 당산비를 높였다. 과실의 씹힙성을 저해하는 석세포 함량을 조사한 결과, 모든 Ge 처리구에서 대조구보다 낮은 함량을 나타냈고, 특히 Ge 복합처리구에서 가장 낮은 함량을 나타냈다. 모든 Ge처리구에서 과실 내 Ge함량을 증가시켰으나, 과실 내 칼슘함량을 감소시키는 결과를 가져왔다. 과실 내 다른 무기성분인 칼륨, 마그네슘, 인산함량은 Ge처리구와 대조구간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 모든 Ge 처리구에서 6개월 저장기간 동안 높은 과실경도와 과실 비중을 유지했으며, 과육 내 치밀한 세포 조밀도를 나타내서, 배 '신고'에서 흔히 일어날 수 있는 과실 내 바람들이 현상을 감소시켰다. 전체적으로 Ge처리구간에 유의적인 차이는 없었지만, Ge 복합처리구에서 보다 더 상품성 있는 과실을 생산한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2009

This study investigated the effects of fermented soybean (FS) on growth and meat quality in pigs. A total thirty-six pigs were divided into 2 groups (2 treatment$\times$18 pigs each) and fed the experimental diets for 4 wk as follows: control (FS free); and T1 (FS 1%). The pigs in T1 had a higher feed efficiency compared with pigs fed control diets. pH was also significantly higher in the T1 group (p<0.05). Water-holding capacity measured in T1 was slightly higher than that of the control. Cooking loss in T1 was significantly lower than controls (p<0.05). CIE $L^*$ and CIE $b^*$ value were significantly higher in the control (p<0.05), but CIE $a^*$ value of T1 was higher than control (p<0.05). The drip loss of T1 were significantly lower than controls (p<0.05). Sensory characteristics of the treatment group showed higher than controls (p<0.05). These results showed that FS could be served as a favorable feed additive and feedstuff for enhancing pork quality.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.107-124
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• 2005

ERP systems are comprehensive sorfware packages that seek to integrate the complete range of lbusiness processes and functions in order to present a heuristic perspectives of a firm from a single information and information technlogy architecture. The ERP systems have delicate internal controls with built-in devices. It is known that the delicate internal controls help to enhance the accounting transparency. We empirically investigate the relationship between the ERP systems inplementations and an accounting transparency. In order to measure the accounting transparency differences, we compare the ERP systems implementation firms with firms which did not implement the ERP systems by 6 financial ratios (accruals, net profit margin, operation cash folo to sales, total debt to equity, accounts receivable changes, assets quality). Data are collecte from 135 firms implemented the ERP systems and 135 firms non-implemented the systems (the firms listed in the Korea Stock Exchange). We analyze financial statements from 270 firms for the period 2001-2003 to ezamine the 6 financial ratios differences. The results of 810 firms analyses over the 3-year period indicate that the ERP systems implementation firms show the statistically significant differences in the accrual ratio, the net profit margin ratio, operating cash flow to sales ratio, and total debt to equity ratio from the ERP systems non-implementation firms. But there is statistically no differences between the two groups for accounts receivable changes to sales ratio and assets quality.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2018

We need to understand the outcomes into adulthood for survivors born either extremely low birthweight (ELBW; <1,000 g) or extremely preterm (EP; <28 weeks' gestational age), particularly their blood pressure and cardiovascular metabolic status,respiratory function, growth, psychological and mental health performance, and functional outcomes. Blood pressure is higher in late adolescence and early adulthood in ELBW/EP survivors compared with controls. In some studies, expreterm survivors have higher insulin and blood lipid concentrations than controls, which may also increase their risk for later cardiovascular disease. ELBW/EP survivors have more expiratory airflow obstruction than do controls. Those who had bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the newborn period have even worse lung function than those who did not have BPD. As a group, they are unlikely to achieve their full lung growth potential, which means that more of them are likely to develop chronic obstructive airway disease in later life. Although they are smaller than term born controls, their weight gradually rises and ultimately reaches a mean z-score close to zero in late adolescence, and they ultimately attain a height z-score close to their mid-parental height z-score. On average, ex-preterm survivors have intelligence quotient (IQ) scores and performance on tests of academic achievement approximately 2/3 SD lower than do controls, and they also perform less well on tests of attention and executive function. They have similar high rates of anxiety and depression symptoms in late adolescence as do controls. They are, however, over-represented in population registries for rarer disorders such as schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder. In cohort studies, ex-preterm survivors mostly report good quality of life and participation in daily activities, and they report good levels of self-esteem. In population studies, they require higher levels of economic assistance, such as disability pensions, they do not achieve education levels as high as controls, fewer are married, and their rates of reproduction are lower, at least in early adulthood. Survivors born ELBW/EP will present more and more to health carers in adulthood, as they survive in larger numbers.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.52-63
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether or not belt's jobs represent a source of job enrichment that translates into positive job characteristics and satisfaction. Hackman and Oldham's 5 job characteristics, 3 critical psychological states and MPS are utilized for analyzing results of the study. The results indicate that Black and Master Black Belt's jobs have positive effects on all five job characteristics, 3 psychological states, and MPS score. However, the findings indicate that Black and Master Black Belt's jobs are no direct effect on job satisfaction suggesting that growth need strength controls on job satisfaction. The result shows that there is a support for the prediction that growth needs strength controls the effect of belt's jobs on job satisfaction.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2000년도 특별강연 및 추계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.34-36
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• 2000

It is difficult to realize automation of welding of lattice type in shipbuilding and assembly processing of shipbuilding and steel structures. Usually, the welding parts of lattice type are welded manually. So there are limitations in continuous and stable quality controls and in increase in productivity because the welding quality depends on worker's skill. That is, automation in welding is necessary. This paper shows shows the development results of a moblie robot for welding of lattice type. Specially. algorithms for its mobile speed and seam tracking controls are introduced.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.277-289
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• 2021

해양에서 얻을 수 있는 여러 자료 중 화학, 물리, 지질분야에서 취득되는 비생물 자료에 대한 정도관리는 이미 부분적으로 정립되어 있으나, 생물자료는 채집과 분석 방법을 통일하기 어려워 자료의 정도관리 방법은 시작단계에 있다. 특히 해양어류의 경우, 자료의 사용 용도가 넓어 정도관리의 필요성이 더욱 요구되고 있지만 어종별 크기, 수명, 생활사 및 서식처에 따른 채집방법, 생산하는 자료의 종류가 다양하고 방대하여 현재 일관된 정도관리 지침을 제시하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 해양어류 자료가 활용되는 사례를 설명하고, 해양어류 자료수집 방법, 자료수집 방법의 한계, 그리고 해양어류 자료의 품질 개선 방안을 소개한다. 이 자료가 향후 국내에서 생산되는 해양어류자료에 관한 정도관리의 방향 정립에 도움이 되기를 희망한다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2007

천연 향미물질로서 솔잎을 이용한 닭고기 양념육의 제조 후 $4^{\circ}C$ 저장 동안 품질변화에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 솔잎 처리군은 뒷맛이 깔끔하고 은은한 솔잎향의 풍미를 생성함으로써 일반적으로 대조군 보다 높게 등급 되었다. pH는 저장 6일 후 처리군과 대조군 사이에 유의적 차이가 없었다. 그러나 육즙유출 율은 저장 24시간 후 처리군과 대조군 사이에 유의적 차이를 나타내었다. 미생물학적 변화를 관찰한 결과는 Staphylococcus aureus의 양성반응을 나타내었으며, 위생적 닭고기의 생산기술의 적용 또는 양념육 제조과정에서의 교차오염(cross-contamination)을 예방할 수 있는 기술의 연구가 요구되었다. 솔잎처리군의 육색변화를 분석한 결과는 0.5-1.3% 솔잎 처리군의 Hunter color $L^*$가는 저장 6일 후 대조군과 유의적 차이(p>0.05)가 없었다. 저장 6일 후 0.8-1.3% 솔잎 처리군의 Hunter color $a^*$가는 0.5% 솔잎 처리군과 대조군에 대하여 유의적 차이(p<0.05)를 나타내었다. Hunter color $b^*$가는 저장 6일 후 처리군 사이에 유의적 차이가 없었으나(p>0.05), 처리군은 대조군 보다 유의적(p<0.05)으로 증가하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.552-560
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• 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the quality characteristics of Tteokgalbi with 1% (w/w) black rice bran only (T1), or with black rice bran and one of the following four types of organic acid: ascorbic acid (T2), citric acid (T3), tartaric acid (T4), or maleic acid (T5) as a substitute for caramel colorant. Tteokgalbi with only black rice bran showed the highest (p<0.05) values of moisture content and water holding capacity (WHC), while there were no significant differences in protein content, fat content, ash content, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values in treatments and controls (p>0.05). All the treated samples with any one of the four organic acids showed lower pH than controls (p<0.05). The lightness and redness of Tteokgalbi treated with any one of the four organic acids and black rice bran were higher than those of T1. The volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) values of T4 and T5 were higher than those of the other treatments (p<0.05). With regards to sensory characteristics, T1 and T2 showed overall acceptability similar to that of the controls (p>0.05). The results reported in this study show that Tteokgalbi with black rice bran and any one of the four organic acids listed above not only improved quality characteristics in cooking loss, WHC, lipid oxidation but also could successfully replace the synthetic caramel colorant. Overall, the most satisfactory results were obtained by adding black rice bran and ascorbic acid.