• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.293-301
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• 2010

이 연구는 국립공원 탐방로 보행시설의 설치 및 유지관리의 효율성 제고를 위한 기초 연구로서 가야산국립공원의 탐방로를 이용한 탐방객을 대상으로 이용행태 및 보행시설에 대한 평가를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 가야산국립공원의 해인 탐방로와 백운 탐방로를 이용하고 귀가하는 탐방객 227명을 대상으로 응답자 직접기입방식을 통해 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 두 탐방로의 탐방객 이용행태에 다소 차이가 있었으며, 각 탐방로의 양적 및 질적 상태에 대해 대체로 양호한 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 각 탐방로에 설치된 5개 및 4개의 보행시설의 평가는 해인 탐방로의 목재데크, 돌채움형 통나무계단, 목재계단과 백운 탐방로의 데크형 목재계단, 통나무흙막이가 경관조화성, 자원보전성, 탐방편의성 모두 우수한 시설로 평가되었다. 반면에 양 탐방로의 철제계단은 주변 경관과의 조화를 저해하는 것으로 인식하고 있어 자연친화적인 소재로의 대체 등 개선이 요구되는 시설로 평가되었다. 따라서 향후 국립공원의 보행시설의 설치에 있어 자연친화적인 소재의 활용과 함께 경관조화, 탐방편의, 자원보전 측면의 종합적인 개선을 도모함이 바람직할 것이다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2017

본 연구는 중소기업의 정보화를 추진함에 있어, 정보화 중에서도 중단기적인 도입 성과를 낼 수 있는 생산정보관리시스템 구축을 위하여, 화학제조업 분야의 핵심 업무 프로세스에 대하여 표준화를 연구하고 그에 따른 생산정보관리시스템을 구축 적용하는데 제공하고자 한다. 화학제조업 생산정보관리시스템 표준화를 위한 개발방법론은 중소기업기술정보진흥원에서 기 연구 개발된 생산정보관리시스템 개발 방법론(PSDM)을 적용하며, 표준화 대상은 시스템 구성도, 업무절차 흐름도, Menu Structure 등과 같이 시스템구축 시 골격이 되는 핵심 업무 프로세스이다. 본 연구로 생산정보관리시스템을 구축하고자 하는 화학제조업 중소기업 및 관련 전문 IT업체들이 표준화된 핵심 업무 프로세스를 적용하여 시스템을 보다 효과적으로 구축 할 수 있으며, 시스템에 대한 구축 용이성과 신뢰성을 제공하며 아울러 핵심 업무 프로세스의 활용이 극대화되기 위해서 사후관리 교육훈련 및 유지보수 방안도 제시하고 있다. 본 연구 결과를 적용함으로써 생산 공정의 불합리한 요소제거, 생산제품 품질 향상, 생산비용절감이 가능하다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.18-37
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• 1989

This study was done in order to analyze the factors which influenced the performance level of community health practitioners' task. Interview survey was done during the period from August to October, 1986. Interviewee were 166 CHPs among total of 217 CHPs in Kyonggi province area. Multiple stepwise regression and canonical correlation analysis were used to identify major factors influenced to perform community health practitioners' task. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. General characteristics of CHPs 1) Personal characteristics The average age of CHPs was 37.8 years and their marital status was $77.6\%$ of married, educational back-ground was $65.3\%$ of junior college graduation. Their job career was $38.6\%$ of between 1-3 years, $33.3\%$ of between 3-5 years, $22.2\%$ of less than 1 years. Most of CHPs$(62.8\%)$ were fully satisfied with their job, $33.3\%$ were moderately, and $3.8\%$ were not satisfied. 2) Working environmental condition Only $31.7%$ of CHPs were satisfied with their working condition of primary health post, $26.6\%$ were not satisfied. Half of CHPs$(52.5\%)$ replied having good cooperation with health center, $10.1\%$ replied bad. Cooperation with health subcenter was good in $32.9\%$, and bad in $21.9%$. Cooperation with private health institutions was good in $34.2\%$, bad in $21.6%$. 2. Performance level of community health practitioners' task Among a total of 52 contents of their functions medical history taking. physical examination, referral of diagnostic laboratory work-up($(86.4\%)$, health assessment of pregnant women$(82.1\%)$, development of health information system$(79.4\%)$, supervision of health workers $(78.4\%)$, follow-up of family planning acceptors$(77.3\%)$, and follow-up of family planning acceptors' side effects$(77.3\%)$ were actively performed. Diagnosis of pregnancy$(62.1\%)$, sampling of drinking water for quality test$(52.5\%)$, making list of equipment' & supplies $(51.5\%)$, evaluation of primary health post activities $(37.6\%)$, organization of village health workers$(32.4\%)$ and management of village health workers $(30.1\%)$ were poorly performed. 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis of job function The factors which influenced the performance level of community health practitioners' function were age, marital status, educational level, job career, job satisfaction, satisfaction of working environment of primary health post, cooperation of health center, cooperation of health center, cooperation of private health instiutions in orders. These 9 variables were able to explain job function from $25.7\%$ of program planning to $6.7\%$ of management of common disease. 4. Canonical correlation analysis between the performance of function and general characteristics of CHPs. Cooperation of private health institutions was found to be the factor influencing task performance of community organization, management of primary health post, technical supervision of health personnels. Job satisfaction of CHPs was also found to be the factor influencing task performance of family planning, management of common disease and maintenance of health information system.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2020

4차 산업혁명 시대에 접어들어 드론이 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 현재 비탈면의 시공 및 유지관리는 일반적으로 소단 및 점검원 통로를 이용하여 인력으로 관리하고 있다. 이러한 방법은 안전사고의 위험이 있으며, 인력을 통한 시야 확보가 어려워 정확한 파악이 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 지반 공학 관련 구조물 중 비탈면을 대상으로 드론이 촬영한 디지털 사진을 이용하여 RTK 및 GCP가 비탈면 3차원 모델에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하였다. 비탈면 3차원 모델의 품질 비교를 위해 9개 지점에 대해 GNSS 좌표를 측정하였고, 이 중 3개 지점은 검사점으로 활용하고 나머지 지점들은 지상기준점으로 활용하였다. RTK를 활용한 높은 정밀도의 지오태깅 사진을 이용하여 비탈면 3차원 모델을 작성할 경우, 지상기준점의 개수가 증가하면 검사점에서의 오차가 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 일반 GNSS를 사용하더라도 지상기준점을 적용하면 3차원 모델의 검사점에서의 오차는 크지 않은 것을 확인하였다. 그러나 RTK모듈을 사용하여 높은 정밀도의 지오태깅 사진을 이용하더라도 GCP를 적용하지 않고 비탈면 3차원 모델을 작성하면 큰 오차가 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 특히, 높이 값인 z좌표에 대한 오차가 크게 발생하였다. 따라서, 평면정보와 더불어 높이에 대한 정보도 중요한 비탈면 3차원 모델 작성을 위해서는 반드시 GCP를 적용해야 함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.303-315
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• 2004

The success and failure of dental implants depends on various factors such as patient's systemic status, quantity and quality of surrounding bone, presence or absence of marginal infection and mechanical loading condition. The measurement of crestal bone changes around the implants is implemental to evaluate the success and long-term prognosis of the implant. This study was to evaluate the cumulative survival rate of the implants which had been placed in the Department of Periodontics, Chonnam National University Hospital between 1992 and 2003, and to observe the crestal bone loss around the implants which had at least 2 consecutive periapical radiographs after connecting the transmucosal abutment. The radiographs were scanned and digitalized, and the crestal bone levels on the mesial and distal surface of implants were measured using Image analyzer (Image Pro Plus, Media Cybernetics, USA), immediately after implant placement, at 2nd surgery, and 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and every year thereafter. Any bone loss was not observed during the period between the 1stand 2nd surgery, and the bone loss was 0.86 ${\pm}$ 0.92 mm for the first year of loading after connecting the transmucosal abutment. After 1 year of loading, annual bone loss was 0.1 ${\pm}$ 0.27 mm, and total bone loss was 0.90 ${\pm}$ 0.80 mm (during the average follow-up periods of 22.5 ${\pm}$ 25.6 Mos), The implant, with smooth surface, in the mandible, and with the fixed bridge prosthesis showed greater bone loss, compared to those, with the rough surface, in the maxilla and with single crown. In systemically diseased patients (including DM or osteoporosis), the greater bone loss was observed. The cumulative survival rate among 432 implants was 94.10% for 7 years. Among 15 failed implants, 9 implants were removed due to mobility from disintegration of bone-implant interface. From this results, crestal bone loss around the implants were greatest during 1 year after transmucosal abutment connection, and various factors could affect peri-implant bone loss. To prevent and predict the bone loss around the implants and improve the prognosis, further comprehensive maintenance and follow-up schedules are required.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.368-380
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• 1990

A central issue in the development of nursing practice is to describe the phenomenon with which nursing is concerned. To identify the health problems which can be diagnosed and managed by the nurse is the first step to organize and ensure the development of nursing science. Therefore the academic world has been discussing the application of the nursing diagnosis in nursing practice as a means of improving quality of care. The objectives of this study were to develop a standardized nursing care plan for ten selected nursing diagnoses to form a database for computerized nursing service. The research approach used in the study was (1) the selection of the ten nursing diagnoses which occur most frequently on medical-surgical wards, (2) the development of a standardized nursing care plan for the ten selected nursing diagnoses, (3) application of the plan to hospitalize patients and evaluation of the content validity by the nurses, and (4) evaluation of the clinical effects after the use of the standardized nursing care plans. The subjects were 56 nurses and 395 hospitalized patients on two medical and two surgical unit. The results of this study were as follows ; 1) The ten selected nursing diagnoses for the development of the standardized nursing care plans were “PAIN, SLEEP DISTURBANCE, ALTERED HEALTH MAINTENANCE, ALTERATION IN NUTRITION, ANXIETY, CONSTIPATION, ALTERED PATTERNS OF URINARY ELIMINATION, DISTURBANCE IN BODY IMAGE, POTENTIAL FOR ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE AND ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE”. 2. The developed standardized nursing care plans included the nursing diagnosis, definition, defining characteristics, etiologic or related factors that contribute to the condition, recording pattern, desired outcomes and nursing orders (nursing interventions). 3. The plan was used with hospitalized patients on medical - surgical wards to test for content validity. The patient's satisfaction with the nursing care and nurses' job satisfaction were investigated to evaluate the clinical effects after the use of the standardized nursing care plans. A comparison of patient satisfaction with nursing care before and after the introduction of the standardized nursing care plans showed a statistically significant higher level of satisfaction with the standardized care plans. There was no difference in the level of job satisfaction expressed by the nursing staff before and after the standardized nursing care plans were introduced. However, when opinions about the use of the standardized nursing care plans were examined it was found that there was a positive effect on clarity in defining the nursing problems, determining nursing cost, more feasible goal setting, effective and systematic nursing records and indications for nursing research. The results of this study suggest that in order to increase the use of nursing diagnoses in the clinical area, it would be effective to select some wards as a pilot project, give the nurses training in the use of nursing diagnosis and develop and use the standardized nursing care plans. In addition to the ten diagnosis used in this study it is recommended that continual development of nursing diagnoses be done using diagnoses that are appropriate to Korea and testing them for validity through standardized care plans.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2016

Objective: Direct current cardioversion for atrial fibrillation could be associated with the risk of thromboembolic events. Anticoagulation therapy with warfarin (INR 2.0-3.0) is recommended 3 weeks before and 4 weeks after cardioversion to reduce the risk of thromboembolism. This study evaluated warfarin therapy in pharmacist-managed anticoagulant services (ACS). Methods: This retrospective study was performed in 106 patients with atrial fibrillation from 2012 to 2013. The primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death. The primary safety measure was major bleeding. To evaluate the peri-procedural effects of warfarin treatment, we studied whether target INR was maintained, as well as the maintenance period of the therapeutic range. Quality of treatment was measured by time in therapeutic range (TTR) by using the Rosendaal method. Results: There were no thromboembolic events, but TEE examination at time of cardioversion showed a left atrial thrombus in three patients (2.8%). Bleeding complications after cardioversion occurred in 2 patients (1.9%). The average INR value at the time of cardioversion was $2.59{\pm}0.8$, and was within the therapeutic range in 83 patients (78%). Analysis of the patients in whom the value was within the therapeutic range twice consecutively showed that the ratio of TTR was 80% and the therapeutic range was maintained in 67 patients (63%) for an average of 4.90 weeks prior to cardioversion. Similarly, 76 patients (72%) had a stable INR within the therapeutic range for an average of 5.70 weeks and a mean TTR of 83%. Conclusion: Pharmacists significantly contributed to appropriate warfarin treatment with close monitoring during cardioversion. Likewise, active pharmacist monitoring and systemic management should be considered to reduce thromboembolism and bleeding complications in the peri-cardioversion period.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2007

교량 바닥판은 공용 기간 동안 차량하중 및 다양한 환경 조건 (동결융해, 우수 및 융빙제)에 직접적으로 노출되어 있는 부재이다. 이로 인해, 교량 바닥판은 다른 주요부재에 비해서 다양한 결함 및 손상이 자주 발생하여 고속도로 상의 문제 교량은 대부분 바닥판에 결함을 지니고 있다. 따라서 교량 바닥판의 내구성을 확보하기 위한 방안으로 고성능콘크리트 (high performance concrete, HPC)가 대안으로 제시되었다. 교량 바닥판의 내구성을 향상하기 위해, 배합된 고성능콘크리트에 대한 내구성능 실험이 수행되었다. 본 연구에 사용된 배합 변수는 총 4가지로, 1) 보통시멘트 (OPC) 2) 시멘트 중량의 20%의 플라이애쉬 치환(FA), 3) 20%의 플라이애쉬와 4%의 실리카퓸 치환 (FS), 그리고 4) 40%의 고로슬래그미분말 치환 (BS)에 대해서 내구성 실험을 실시한 후 비교 평가를 실시하였으며, 사용된 설계 압축강도는 각각 27 MPa와 35 MPa이다. 고성능콘크리트를 시험 배합한 결과, 결합재의 양을 증가시켜 강도를 증진시키는 것보다는 혼화재를 사용하는 것이 내구 성능이 크게 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 혼화재 중, 플라이애쉬와 실리카퓸을 함께 결합재로 사용하는 경우가 균열 저감 및 내구 성능 증진에 가장 효율적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.259-272
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• 2020

역동적이고, 혁신적인 중소·중견기업을 육성하는데 있어서, 히든 챔피언 기업은 중소기업들이 성공 요인을 배울 수 있는 적절한 모델이 될 수 있다. 한편, 기업의 가치비중이 금융자산 중심에서 지식재산 중심으로 변화하고 있는 상황에서 지식재산경영의 필요성은 중요해지고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 헤르만 지몬의 저서 "히든 챔피언"에 소개된 히든 챔피언 기업의 특허 포트폴리오 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 보유 기술의 특성에 따라 특허를 보유하지 않거나, 특허활동을 활발히 하고, 특허품질을 향상시키는 차별화된 지식재산경영 전략을 수행하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 독점권 획득을 위한 기회창출과 특허 유지 및 관리비용 절감을 원하는 기업들이 지식재산경영 전략을 마련하는 기초자료로 활용이 가능하다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 "히든 챔피언 기업들은 핵심 역량을 집중하여 한 기술에 집중하는 특성을 갖는다"는 헤르만 지몬의 주장이 타당하다는 것을 특허 IPC 분석을 통하여 검증하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2017

Rapid industrial development has led to a serious problem of pollution in the industrial sector. With the increasing social need for environmental protection, research on air pollution prevention equipment for reducing pollutants in industrial processes is actively being undertaken. The deterioration of existent, installed facilities, their increased emission rates, and the strengthening of the effluent quality standards make complying with permissible emission standards difficult. In fact, installing new electric precipitators or complementing existent facilities is inevitable. The expansion and complementation of the installed electrical precipitators have led to improvements in dust collection efficiency, shorter working times, and lower costs. Because of its easy installation and simple manufacturing process, the production method with the discharge electrode of an electric precipitator is widely used. The following conclusions were reached by classifying discharge electrodes into four types based on the production method and mutually comparing them by their dust collection efficiency. None of the four types used in this study were damaged by impact. However, we were able to confirm some strain from the compression sites of both type A and type B. Both type B and type C are expected to have greater dust collection efficiencies than the other models due to their large vibration transmissibility. Moreover, the high vibrational energy is expected to cause rapping damage during its operation. Particularly, in the case of type B, some of the strain was found at the end of the compression site. The coupling schemes of both type C and type D are out of vibration transmissibility. On the other hand, the ability to maintain straightness and solidity of the side is regarded as outstanding and stable. Type D has outstanding on-site workability, considering the presence of locking, structural stability, and work conditions. From these experiments, we determined that type C is the most ideal connection method of discharge electrode, considering its construction period of renovation. Type C is inferior to type D with regard to on-site workability. However, type C has outstanding dedusting transmission with regard to the straightness, solidity maintenance, and vibration of shearing stress.