• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.91-108
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• 2020

Objectives : To study the shu points selection of the Four Seas in the 「Hailun」 chapter of 『Lingshu』. Methods : The effects and main indications of each shu point, their anatomical position, characteristics along with similarities of disease patterns according to excessiveness and deficiency of the Four Seas were examined. Results : The selection of shu points of the Four Seas were deeply related to the effects and main indications, and the common similarity among conditions due to excessiveness and deficiency was the presence of psychological aspects. Also, when the Four Seas are connected to the Jing-Qi-Shen and Blood, marrow sea[髓海] is connected to Jing & Shen, qi sea[氣海] is connected to Qi, blood sea[血海] is connected to Blood, and sea of water and grain[水穀之海] replenishes Jing-Qi-Shen and Blood. When connected to the Four Qi Intersections, the marrow sea is connected to 'head qi with intersection', qi sea is connected to 'chest qi with intersection', sea of water and grain or blood sea is connected to 'stomach qi with intersection', otherwise sea of water and grain is connected to 'shin qi with intersection'. Conclusions : The Four Seas are designated to the shu points due to their accumulation of Qi when the main elements of Jing-Qi-Shen and Blood are deficient or excessive, allowing for the most convenient management and manipulation of the condition of these main elements. In clinical practice, the shu points of the Four Seas will likely increase treatment efficacy for conditions that include psychological aspects.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.201-212
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• 2017

This study draws pattern differentiations of headache disorders on the ground of modern clinical applications and Korean medical literature. Categorization and symptoms of headache disorders are based on International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition(beta version). And clinical papers are searched in China Academic Journals(CAJ) of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI). In the aspect of eight principle pattern identification, primary headache occurs due to lots of yang qi and has more inner pattern rather than exterior pattern, heat pattern rather than cold pattern, excess pattern rather than deficiency pattern. And primary headache is related with liver in the aspect of visceral pattern identification and blood stasis, wind and phlegm are relevant mechanisms. Migraine without aura is associated with ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang, phlegm turbidity, sunken spleen qi, wind-heat, blood deficiency or yin deficiency. Migraine with aura is mainly related with wind and it's major mechanisms are ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang, liver fire, yin deficiency of liver and kidney, blood deficiency or liver depression and qi stagnation. High repetition rate of tension-type headache can be identified as heat pattern or excess pattern. And trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias can also be accepted as heat pattern or excess pattern when the occurrence frequency is high and is relevant to combined pattern with excess pattern of external contraction and deficiency pattern of internal damage based on facial symptoms by external contraction and nervous and anxious status by liver deficiency. This study can be expected to be Korean medical basis of clinical practice guidelines on headache by proposing pattern identifications corresponding to the western classifications of headache disorders.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.149-163
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• 2002

Objective : We have studied literatures of Renying Qi mouth comparison pulse diagnosis theory and distinguished the excess, deficiency and quick-temper of pulse as the measurement parameter of Renying Qi mouth pulse diagnosis. Methods : We have acquired pulse signals of Renying Qi mouth by using diagnostic equipment of Renying Qi mouth pulsation and estimated reappearance of pulse signals. Results : 1. The measurement parameter of Renying Qi mouth pulse diagnosis distinguishes the excess, deficiency and quick-temper of pulse through relative comparison of Renying Qi mouth. 2. When we acquired the pulse singals of Renying Qi mouth by using diagnostic equipment, the property, measuring area, bias pressure, contact or adhesion state of the sensor are considered. 3. As getting the pulse signal of Renying Qi mouth, the sensor of a sound detective mode is effective. 4. The diagnostic equipment of Renying Qi mouth pulse is assessed as being significant reappearance.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.329-338
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• 2005

Breast milk is general term for crude milk and mature that is secrete after two-three days of delivery. Because amount of milk secretion is different, disorder of milk secretion is to be classified into galactostasis and spontanous flow of milk. According to this point, we considered thirty four papers and got the conclusion about the concept, cause, therapeutic method and medication of secreation disorder. Therefore we report the result. galactostasis due to deficiency of the qi and blood, depression of liver qi, blood stasis of postpartum, excessiveness and so on. If the qi and blood is deficient, therapeutic method is enriching qi and benefiting blood, if the liver qi is deprssive, treatment is relieving the deprssive liver and regulating the circulation of qi. The milk is flowing spontanously and continously due to a prosperous condition of qi and blood, too deficiency of the qi and blood, depression of liver qi and so on. If the qi and blood is deficient, therapeutic method is tonifying and arresting the qi and blood, if Liver channel is stagnated fire, puring the liver of pathologic fire, relieving the deprssive liver and regulating the circulation of qi. Clinical study for the 1 case of the recurrent cervical cancer patient.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.109-119
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to confirm clinical usefulness of MCG data by analyzing korea medical results of heart disease patients. We used the Heart Disease Questionnaire which asks for Qi deficiency-pattern, Blood deficiency-pattern, Yin deficiency-pattern, Yang deficiency-pattern, Qi stasis-pattern, Blood stasis-pattern, Heart heat-pattern, Phlegm-pattern. Magnetocardiography(MCG) is the measurement of magnetic fields emitted by the human heart from small currents by electrically active cells of the heart muscle. Comparing the MCG results and korea medical diagnosis, we showed clinical usefulness of MCG results and korea medical diagnosis.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.379-387
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the relevance of Sasang constitution, Qi Blood pattern identification, and tongue diagnosis in subjects complaining of fatigue.Methods Seventy-three subjects who complained of fatigue were assessed using the Chalder Fatigue Scale, tongue diagnosis, pattern identification questionnaire and Sasang constitution diagnosis. The association of tongue diagnosis with Qi Blood pattern identification and Sasang constitution was evaluated.Results 1. There was no significant association between tongue diagnosis and Sasang constitution.2. Tongue color, which is one of the diagnostic indicators in tongue diagnosis, was redder in the Qi stagnation group than in the Qi deficiency and Blood deficiency groups.Conclusions Tongue diagnosis can be utilized in future if proper research regarding Sasang constitution and Sasang constitution pattern identification is conducted.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.100-106
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to assess a Qi Blood Yin Yang evaluation method systematically and objectively and to identify the correlation between the Qi Blood Yin Yang deficiency pattern (QBYYDP) and facial color. Methods: Thirty-seven participants (17 males, 20 females) were enrolled in this study. Twenty-four (10 males, 14 females) had ages from 40 to over 60, and 13 (7 males and 6 females) were in their twenties. After sufficient rest, facial images were taken with a camera. Based on the results from a questionnaire survey, we divided the participants into five groups: the normal and the Qi-, Blood-, Yin-, and Yang-deficient groups, after which the relationships between the L, 'a', and 'b' values in the Lab color system and the characteristics of the participants in each of the deficient groups were elucidated using a facial color analysis program. Results: The color analysis for Qi-deficient (QD) participants revealed that the L value was fairly decreased in comparison with the normal participants, but the 'a' and 'b' values were almost the same. A comparison between the normal and the Yang-deficient (YaD) groups revealed that the L values were somewhat lower compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were not statistically different. For the Yin-deficient (YiD) group, the L value was slightly lower compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were almost the same and the R values were slightly increased. For the Blood-deficient (BD) group, the L values were slightly increased compared to the normal group, but the 'a' and 'b' values were decreased slightly. Conclusion: This study obtained objective, reliable data for judging the QBYYDP by using facial images and a color analysis program. However, further study with at least 10 or more subjects in each of the deficient groups is necessary to confirm our findings.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.101-115
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• 2019

Objective : This study is aimed to application possibility and status of pattern identification in middle and high school students. Method : This study was cross-sectional study. We recruited 277 students through school doctor program of Seongnam city in 2017. Male students are 66 in middle school, 32 in high school. Female students are 117 in middle school, 62 in high school. For pattern identification, we used the tool of Qui Xui Shui pattern identification in students. Students fill questionnaires in inquiry of pattern identification and Korean medicine doctor diagnosis inspection and palpation of students. Results : Among 277 students, no pattern identification were 114(41.2%). It appeared in the order of phlegm, blood deficinecy, qi deficiency, qi stagnation and qi reversal. Qi deficiency, qi stagnation, qi reversal, blood deficiency and phlegm pattern are statistically significant by gender except blood stagnation. of 277 students, 105 (37.9%) had one more pattern identification. Conclusions : This study showed possibility of Qui Xui Shui pattern for student health management. In the future, large scale follow up study will be needed to clarify the relationship of pattern identification and student's health.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.110-120
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• 2014

Objectives : We performed a clinical study to investigate autonomic conditions in persistent allergic rhinitis depending on various pattern identifications and the availability of heart rate variability (HRV) as a pattern identification diagnostic tool. Methods : 32 patients with persistent allergic rhinitis were asked to interview with doctor of Korean Medicine and perform the four pattern questionnaires (Cold-Heat Pattern, Phlegm Pattern, Yin Deficiency pattern, bloodstasis pattern). Then, they were examined their autonomic conditions with heart rate variability test. Results : Patients were classified as three pattern groups (Lung-stomach heat, Lung qi deficiency cold, Lung-spleen qi deficiency) by doctor. In the Lung qi deficiency cold group, Total power of the HRV (TP) and the power of the low frequency component (LF) significantly higher than in the Lung-stomach heat or Lung-spleen qi deficiency group (P < 0.05). Also, Patients were classified as 8 pattern groups (Cold/Heat, Phlegm/Non-phlegm, Yin deficiency/Non-yin deficiency, Bloodstasis/Non-bloodstasis) by four pattern questionnaires. Only in the Yin deficiency group, the power of the low frequency component (LF) significantly lower than in the Non-yin deficiency group (P < 0.05). There were not any significant differences in the rest groups. Conclusions : The result may provide that HRV doesn't reflect well the differences in the various pattern groups, and the HRV's availability is low. Continuous studies are needed to develop the objective and standardized pattern identification diagnostic tool for allergic rhinitis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.49-60
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• 2019

Objectives: To develop a standardized diagnostic pattern identification equation for stroke patients, our group conducted a study to derive the predictive logistic equations. However, the sample size was relatively small. In the current study, we aimed to derive new predictive logistic equations for each diagnostic pattern using an expanded number of subjects. Methods: This study was a hospital-based multi-center trial recruited stroke patients within 30 days of symptom onset. Patients' general information, and the variables related to diagnostic pattern identification were measured. The diagnostic pattern of each patient was identified independently by two Korean Medicine Doctors. To derive a predictive model for pattern identification, binary logistic regression analysis was applied. Results: Among the 1,251 patients, 385 patients (30.8%) had the Fire Heat Pattern, 460 patients (36.8%) the Phlegm Dampness Pattern, 212 patients (16.9%) the Qi Deficiency Pattern, and 194 patients (15.5%) the Yin Deficiency Pattern. After the regression analysis, the predictive logistic equations for each pattern were determined. Conclusion: The predictive equations for Fire Heat, Phlegm Dampness, Qi Deficiency, and Yin Deficiency would be useful to determine individual stroke patients' pattern identification in the clinical setting. However, further studies using objective measurements are necessary to validate these data.