• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.173-179
• /
• 2013

The traditional key exchange protocols are transmitted by using the cryptographic. However, these protocols are compromised by the attacker. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a key exchange protocol based on the steganography with the QR code. The steganography technique embed secret information to the images, documents, videos, and MP3 files and transmit to the others. The attacker can't know that the transmission data is the secret data. Therefore, the sender transmits efficiently and safely the secret data to the others. In additional, the cover image is using the QR code image to insert the secret key. If attackers scan the QR code, then they just read the information or connect URL. They can not be recognized that the QR code image is hiding the secret key. The experiments compare the QR code image with the well-known image about the distortion and the safety.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.320-328
• /
• 2019

A method for joint-transform correlator (JTC) multiple-image encryption based on a quick-response (QR) code key is proposed. The QR codes converted from different texts are used as key masks to encrypt and decrypt multiple images. Not only can Chinese text and English text be used as key text, but also symbols can be used. With this method, users have no need to transmit the whole key mask; they only need to transmit the text that is used to generate the key. The correlation coefficient is introduced to evaluate the decryption performance of our proposed cryptosystem, and we explore the sensitivity of the key mask and the capability for multiple-image encryption. Robustness analysis is also conducted in this paper. Computer simulations and experimental results verify the correctness of this method.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.471-485
• /
• 2023

As data sharing increases explosively, such information encoded in QR code is completely public as private messages are not securely protected. This paper proposes a new 'PROMISE' framework for hiding information based on the QR code projection matrix by using image segmentation without modifying the essential QR code characteristics. Projection matrix mapping, matrix scrambling, fusion image segmentation and steganography with SEL(secret embedding logic) are part of the PROMISE framework. The QR code could be mapped to determine the segmentation site of the fusion image as a binary information matrix. To further protect the site information, matrix scrambling could be adopted after the mapping phase. Image segmentation is then performed on the fusion image and the SEL module is applied to embed the secret message into the fusion image. Matrix transformation and SEL parameters should be uploaded to the server as the secret key for authorized users to decode the private message. And it was possible to further obtain the private message hidden by the framework we proposed. Experimental findings show that when compared to some traditional information hiding methods, better anti-detection performance, greater secret key space and lower complexity could be obtained in our work.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.233-239
• /
• 2016

A remote control system (RCS) can monitor a user's confidential information by using the broadcast receivers in Android OS. However, the current RCS detection methods are based only on a virus vaccine. Therefore, if the user's smartphone is infected by a brand new RCS, these methods cannot detect this new RCS immediately. In this paper, we present a secure message transmission medium. This medium is completely isolated from networks and can communicate securely through a QR code channel by using symmetric key cryptography such as the AES block cipher and public key cryptography such as elliptic curve cryptography for providing security. Therefore, the RCS cannot detect any confidential information. This approach is completely immune to any RCS attacks. Furthermore, we present a secure QR code-based key exchange protocol by using the elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman method and message transmission protocols; the proposed protocol has high usability and is very secure.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.339-346
• /
• 2017

Background: In this study, we investigated how to convert the Panax ginseng DNA sequence code and chemical fingerprints into a two-dimensional code. In order to improve the compression efficiency, GATC2Bytes and digital merger compression algorithms are proposed. Methods: HPLC chemical fingerprint data of 10 groups of P. ginseng from Northeast China and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence code as the DNA sequence code were ready for conversion. In order to convert such data into a two-dimensional code, the following six steps were performed: First, the chemical fingerprint characteristic data sets were obtained through the inflection filtering algorithm. Second, precompression processing of such data sets is undertaken. Third, precompression processing was undertaken with the P. ginseng DNA (ITS2) sequence codes. Fourth, the precompressed chemical fingerprint data and the DNA (ITS2) sequence code were combined in accordance with the set data format. Such combined data can be compressed by Zlib, an open source data compression algorithm. Finally, the compressed data generated a two-dimensional code called a quick response code (QR code). Results: Through the abovementioned converting process, it can be found that the number of bytes needed for storing P. ginseng chemical fingerprints and its DNA (ITS2) sequence code can be greatly reduced. After GTCA2Bytes algorithm processing, the ITS2 compression rate reaches 75% and the chemical fingerprint compression rate exceeds 99.65% via filtration and digital merger compression algorithm processing. Therefore, the overall compression ratio even exceeds 99.36%. The capacity of the formed QR code is around 0.5k, which can easily and successfully be read and identified by any smartphone. Conclusion: P. ginseng chemical fingerprints and its DNA (ITS2) sequence code can form a QR code after data processing, and therefore the QR code can be a perfect carrier of the authenticity and quality of P. ginseng information. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of a quality traceability system of traditional Chinese medicine based on a two-dimensional code.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2015

The security of the image information is very important in many areas of the IoT(Internet of Things), and study a number of ways to display the security (copyright, etc.). In this paper, information of image that is used by the IoT is converted to a DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform) and QC(Quantization Coefficient). And watermark (message) is to create a new encoded message(WMQR) through a QR Code. QC and WMQR applies LSB steganography techniques, can get the security (copyright, etc.) of image information. LSB steganographic techniques may be inserted according to a message (Watermark) to determine the location (Secret Key). The encoded image is sent to the recipient via the Internet. The reverse process can be obtained image and a QR code, a watermark (Message). A method for extracting a watermark from the security of the image information is coded using only the image and Secret Key, through the DCT and quantization process, so obtained by separating the watermark (Message) for the image. In this paper, we were able to improve the security of the method of image information, the image quality of the image by the simulations (PSNR), in turn, benefits were also normalized correlation (NC) and security.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.139-148
• /
• 2023

Current food-traceability platforms suffer from problems such as inconsistent traceability standards, a lack of public credibility, and slow access to data. In this work, a combined code and identification method was designed that can achieve more secure product traceability using the dual anti-counterfeiting technology of a QR code and a hidden code. When the QR code is blurry, the hidden code can still be used to effectively identify food information. Based on this combined code, a food-safety traceability platform was developed. The platform follows unified encoding standards and provides standardized interfaces. Based on this innovation, the platform not only can serve individual food-traceability systems development, but also connect existing traceability systems. These will help to solve the problems such as non-standard traceability content, inconsistent processes, and incompatible system software. The experimental results show that the combined code has higher accuracy. The food-safety traceability platform based on the combined code improves the safety of the traceability process and the integrity of the traceability information. The innovation of this paper is invoking the combined code united the QR code's rapidity and the hidden code's reliability, developing a platform that uses a unified coding standard and provides a standardized interface to resolve the differences between multi-food-traceability systems. Among similar systems, it is the only one that has been connected to the national QR code identification platform. The project has made profits and has significant economic and social benefits.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.21-26
• /
• 2023

Recently, cryptocurrencies such as Ethereum and Bitcoin, which are called digital assets, Cryptocurrency has completely different characteristics from real assets and must be handled carefully and safely. But The disadvantage of digital assets is that anyone who knows the private key of the wallet can easily steal the digital assets. If the seed card is lost, stolen, or exposed when used, you can use the wallet by recovering the private key using the seed card acquired by someone else. In this paper We aim to safely protect encrypted assets by using QR codes when providing mnemonic words needed to create seed cards.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.53 no.9
• /
• pp.82-88
• /
• 2016

The proposed new UCI syntax is compatible with the existing identifier and defines fixed length in such cases as printable ID, bar code and QR code which may entail better usage of identifier itself. For the compatibility, the identifiable metadata "key" is used for the existing UCI identifier and "UCI" element of metadata is defined for the new UCI identifier. The new UCI identifier plays roles of the resolution service and representation, and the old UCI identifier plays a role of internal DB management. Also, the object code has two types, meaningless and meaningful. The meaningful object code type can be used according the content classification standards in various field as comics, games, advertisement etc. The standardization activities can be supported by the root agency of UCI.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.259-266
• /
• 2017

GPS was developed for military purposes. As a result, it is used as a military important means such as guided weapons and strategy / tactics. However, GPS depends on the communication infrastructure and is affected by interference signals. In this paper, we propose a secure micro - web page - based smart map that can enhance security without relying on communication infrastructure on the battlefield. The proposed system consists of general smartphone, security QR, central server and smart map. Only use the network when downloading the security key and SmartMap before the task starts. During operation, the smartphone transmits and receives data using a secure QR. The security QR inserts the security code to prevent forgery and falsification and confirms whether the data is authentic by checking whether the smart phone is forged or not. As a result of implementation, we solved communication security problem of existing technology by using location based service without relying on communication infrastructure.