• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.167-178
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• 2009

In this paper, we obtain the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of a Cauchy-Jensen functional equation f(x+y, z)-f(x, z)-f(y, z)=0, $$2f\;x,\;{\frac{y+z}{2}}-f(x,\;y)-f(x,\;z)=0$$ in the spirit of P. $G{\breve{a}}vruta$.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2019

In this paper, I prove the stability problem for a quadratic-cubic functional equation $$f(x+ky)-k^2f(x+y)-k^2f(x-y)+f(x-ky)+f(kx)-{\frac{k^3-3k^2+4}{2}}f(x)+{\frac{k^3-k^2}{2}}f(-x)=0$$ in modular spaces by applying the direct method.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.157-162
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• 1995

Let I be the interval, $S^1$ the circle and let X be a compact metric space. And let $C^{circ}(X,\;X)$ denote the set of continuous maps from X into itself. For any f$f\in\;C\circ(X,\;X),\;let\;P(f),\;R(f),\;\Gamma(f),\;\Lambda(f)\;and\;\Omega(f)$ denote the collection of the periodic points, recurrent points, ${\gamma}-limit{\;}points,{\;}{\omega}-limit$ points and nonwandering points, respectively.(omitted)

• Journal of Applied and Pure Mathematics
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• v.4 no.5_6
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• pp.287-297
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• 2022

In this paper, we consider a risk-minimization hedging problem for a special European contingent claims. The existence and uniqueness of strategy are given constructively. Firstly, a non-standard European contingent is demonstrated as stochastic payment streams. Then the existence of the risk minimization strategy and also the uniqueness are proved under two kinds market information by using Galtchouk-Kunita-Watanabe decomposition and constructing a 0-achieving strategy risk-minimizing strategies in full information. And further, we have proven risk-minimizing strategies exists and is unique under restrict information by constructing a weakly mean-selffinancing strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.459-465
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• 1995

The ether extract of Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix(SMR) was fractioned to give five subfractions, so that two subfractions of them were recrystallized to yield each pure diterpene quinone pigment. On the basis of spectral evidence, these two compounds were identified as tanshinone II and crytotanshinone. Cryptotanshinone exhibited both of a potent platelet anti-aggregating activity in vitro and a potent antimicrobial activity. GC-MS analysis of the other extract showed that tanshinone II was contained in the largest proportion of all the diterpene quinones. In addition, GC-MS analysis gave other valuable analytical informations.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.155-166
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• 2004

In this paper, we introduce new monotone concepts for set-valued mappings, called generalized C(x)-L-pseudomonotonicity and weakly C(x)-L-pseudomonotonicity. And we obtain generalized Minty-type lemma and the existence of solutions to vector variational inequality problems for weakly C(x)-L-pseudomonotone set-valued mappings, which generalizes and extends some results of Konnov & Yao [11], Yu & Yao [20], and others Chen & Yang [6], Lai & Yao [12], Lee, Kim, Lee & Cho [16] and Lin, Yang & Yao [18].

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.82-85
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• 2019

An adaptive power control scheme is proposed for the cognitive relay networks with joint overlay and underlay spectrum sharing model. The transmit power of the secondary user is adjusted adaptively according to the spectrum sensing results and the interference channel condition. The outage probability of the secondary user is compared by Monte - Carlo simulations between the fixed power control scheme and pure overlay or underlay spectrum sharing schemes. The results show that, by employing the adaptive power control strategy, the interference probability of the secondary user to the primary user is decreased by 70 % ~ 80 % under the same outage probability. Also, the outage probability of the secondary user is reduced by 1 ~ 2 orders of magnitude under the same interference probability. Thus, the performance of the spectrum sharing is improved effectively.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

We can understand "Shanghanlun(傷寒論)" and "Wenbingtiaobian(溫病條辨)" which are major books on externally contracted diseases well by making a comparative study of their similarities and differences. After studying etiological causes and characteristics of disease, disease pattern, syndrome differentiation, transmutation rules, following conclusions are derived. While cold is an etiological cause of Cold damage and harms Yang qi, heat is an etiological cause of Warm disease and harms Yin qi. Cold damage and Warm disease have something in common in the respect of damage to fluid and humor and Yang qi. Exuberant heat symptom of Yang brightness disease and lesser yin heat transformation pattern have similar damage to fluid and humor as Warm disease does. Warm disease can reach qi collapse syndrome through damage to Yang qi following fluid and humor damage. In the respect of water qi, as Cold damage makes water-dampness retain easily due to cold congealing, dampness-draining diuretic medicinal and warm yang medicinal are used together. As warm disease damages fluid and humor, yin-tonifying medicinal is used and dampness-draining diuretic medicinal can be used in the case of Warm disease with dampness. In the respect of disease pattern, cold syndromes arise mostly by Cold damage except heat syndrome of grater yang disease, chest bind syndrome, stuffiness syndrome, reverting yin disease and yang brightness disease. Warm disease is classified as pure heat syndrome and heat syndrome with bowel excess, damage to yin, qi collapse or damage to blood.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.311-315
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• 2007

The anodic polarization behavior of equiatomic TiNi shape memory alloy with pure titanium as a reference material was investigated by means of open circuit potential measurement and potentiodynamic polarization technique. And the structure of passive films on TiNi intermetallic compounds was also conducted using AES and ESCA. While the dissolved Ni(II) ion did not affect the dissolution rate and passivation of TiNi alloy, the dissolved Ti(III) ion was oxidated to Ti(IV) ion on passivated TiNi surface at passivation potential. It has also been found that the Ti(IV) ion increases the steady state potential, and passivates TiNi alloy at a limited concentration of Ti(IV) ion. The analysis by AES showed that passive film of TiNi alloy was composed of titanium oxide and nickel oxide, and the content of titanium was three times higher than that of nickel in outer side of passive film. According to the ESCA analysis, the passive film was composed of $TiO_2$ and NiO. It seems reasonable to suppose that NiO could act as unstabilizer to the oxide film and could be dissolved preferentially. Therefore, nickel oxide contained in the passive film may promote the dissolution of the film, and it could be explained the reason of higher pitting susceptibility of TiNi alloy than pure Ti.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.160-164
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• 2012

The lead-acid batteries are the most often used in human life, because of their low cost, good reversibility and high potential but they have limit cycle ability with low capacitance. The main causes of this problem are forming recrystallization of $PbSO_4$ on electrodes surface during cycles which the recrystallization of $PbSO_4$ is known as sulfation. In this study, formation process of sulfation was investigated depending on charge and discharge cycle numbers. And we decomposed sulfation to renew cycle ability of lead-acid batteries. The renewed lead-acid batteries recovered to 84% compared to first capacity after 600 cycles.