• Title/Summary/Keyword: Pulmonary artery pressure

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Effect of Sambutang on the Serum Cholesterol Levels and the Cardiovascular System in Experimental Animals (삼부탕(蔘附湯)이 실험동물(實驗動物)의 혈장지질함량(血漿脂質含量) 및 심혈관계(心血管系)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Choi, Cheol-Won;Shin, Sun-Ho;Moon, Byung-Soon
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.97-113
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    • 1997
  • The present experiment was designed to investigate the effects of Sambutang water extracts on the serum cholesterol levels and the cardiovascular system in the experimental animals. Thus, the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral administration. Measurment of Mortality rate was observed for measuring the effect of Sambutang water extract. Sambutang water extract against pulmonary thromboembolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1 ml/10 g, 2 mg/kg) plus serotonin(5 mg/kg) in mouse. The effect of Sambutang water extract was examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction in rats. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Sambutang decreased the serum cholesterol levels in rats. 2. Sambutang dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 3. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 4. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 5. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembolism by serotonin and collagen. 6. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 7. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 8. The drug increased the antithrombin activity in rat and the fibrinogen lysis time was reduced and lysis area was increased. 9. Sambutang reduced fibrinogen lysis time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results. Sambutang increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood vessel. And the drug presented the antithrombin activity, inhibited the platelet aggregation.

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Effects of Sopoongtang on the Cardiovascular System in the Experimental Animals (소풍탕(疎風湯)이 실험동물(實驗動物)의 심혈관계(心血管系)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Jeong, Jang-Gyun;Mun, Byeong-Sun
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.197-213
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    • 1995
  • The present experiment was desinged to investigate the effects of Sopungtang water extracts on the Cardiovascular System in the Experimental Animals. Thus, the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral administration. Measurments of Mortality rate were observed for measuring the effect of Sopungtang water extract. Sopungtang water extract against pulmonary thromboembolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1ml/10g, 2mg/kg B.W) plus serotonin(5mg/kg B.W) in mouse. The effects of Sopungtang water extract were examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction in rats. The results were summarized as followings. 1. Sopungtang dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 2. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 3. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 4. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembolism by serotonin and collagen. 5. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 6. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 7. The drug increased the antithrombin activity in rat and the fibrinogen lyses time was reduced and lyses area was increased. 8. Sopungtang reduced fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results, Sopungtang increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood vessel. And the drug presented the antithrombin acivity, inhibited the platelet aggregation.

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Peiminine inhibits myocardial injury and fibrosis after myocardial infarction in rats by regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway

  • Chen, Peng;Zhou, Dengming;Liu, Yongsheng;Wang, Ping;Wang, Weina
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.87-94
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    • 2022
  • Myocardial infarction promotes cardiac remodeling and myocardial fibrosis, thus leading to cardiac dysfunction or heart failure. Peiminine has been regarded as a traditional anti-fibrotic Chinese medicine in pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role of peiminine in myocardial infarction-induced myocardial injury and fibrosis remained elusive. Firstly, rat model of myocardial infarction was established using ligation of the left coronary artery, which were then intraperitoneally injected with 2 or 5 mg/kg peiminine once a day for 4 weeks. Echocardiography and haemodynamic evaluation results showed that peiminine treatment reduced left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and enhanced maximum rate of increase/decrease of left ventricle pressure (± dP/dt max) and left ventricular systolic pressure, which ameliorate the cardiac function. Secondly, myocardial infarction-induced myocardial injury and infarct size were also attenuated by peiminine. Moreover, peiminine inhibited myocardial infarction-induced increase of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α production, as well as the myocardial cell apoptosis, in the rats. Thirdly, peiminine also decreased the myocardial fibrosis related protein expression including collagen I and collagen III. Lastly, peiminine reduced the expression of p38 and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in rat model of myocardial infarction. In conclusion, peiminine has a cardioprotective effect against myocardial infarction-induced myocardial injury and fibrosis, which can be attributed to the inactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.

A Clinical Study of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (동맥관개존증의 임상적 고찰)

  • Jo, Gap-Ho;Gu, Ja-Hong;Kim, Gong-Su
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.24 no.9
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    • pp.853-860
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    • 1991
  • A clinical study on 139 cases of operated PDA was performed during period from Aug. 1982 to Apr. 1991 at the Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of Chonbuk National University Hospital. The following results are obtained. 1. The 35 males and 104 females ranged in age from 6 months to 40 years. [mean 10.2 yrs. ] 2. Chief complaints of the patients were frequent URI in 50%, dyspnea on exertion in 31.2%, palpitation in 11.1%, and no subjective symptoms in 28.78% 3. On auscultation, continuous machinery murmur heard in 79.86% and systolic murmur in 20.14%. 4. Radiologic findings of chest P-A showed increased density of pulmonary vascularity in 80.58%, cardiomegaly in 61.87%, and within normal limit in 19.42% of the patients. 5. The signs of LVH[44.4%], RVH[17.4%], BVH[7.6%] were noted on the EKC. 6. Cardiac catheterizations were performed in 114 patients. The mean Qp/Qs was 2.65 and the mean Pp /Ps was 0.41 and the mean systolic pulmonary artery pressure was 46.6 mmHg. 7. Operative methods were as followed: The 130 cases[93.52%] of ligation and 3 cases[2.16%] of division & suture for PDA were performed through the left posterolateral thoracotomy. And the remained cases were managed under the cardiopulmonary bypass. 8. Operative complications were hoarseness in 8 cases, atelectasis in 6 cases, intraoperative ductal rupture under the left thoracotomy approach 2 cases, recannalization 1 case and others in 3 cases. 9. One patient died due to ductal rupture intraoperatively and the overall mortality was 0.7%.

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The improvement of right ventricular function after adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnea

  • Kim, Dong Yeop;Ko, Kyung Ok;Lim, Jae Woo;Yoon, Jung Min;Song, Young Hwa;Cheon, Eun Jung
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.61 no.12
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    • pp.392-396
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) that causes upper airway obstruction might lead to chronic hypoxemic pulmonary vasoconstriction and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. We aimed to evaluate whether adenotonsillectomy (T&A) in children suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) due to severe ATH could improve RV function. Methods: Thirty-seven children (boy:girl=21:16; mean age, $9.52{\pm}2.20years$), who underwent T&A forsleep apnea due to ATH, were included. We analyzedthe mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), the presence and the maximal velocity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR), the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and the right ventricular myocardial performance index (RVMPI) with tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE) by transthoracic echocardiography pre- and post-T&A. The follow-up period was $1.78{\pm}0.27years$. Results: Only the RVMPI using TDE improved after T&A ($42.18{\pm}2.03$ vs. $40{\pm}1.86$, P=0.001). The absolute value of TAPSE increased ($21.45{\pm}0.90mm$ vs. $22.30{\pm}1.10mm$, P=0.001) but there was no change in the z score of TAPSE pre- and post-T&A ($1.19{\pm}0.34$ vs. $1.24{\pm}0.30$, P=0.194). The mPAP was within normal range in children with ATH, and there was no significant difference between pre- and post-T&A ($19.6{\pm}3.40$ vs. $18.7{\pm}2.68$, P=0.052). There was no difference in the presence and the maximal velocity of TR (P=0.058). Conclusion: RVMPI using TDE could be an early parameter of RV function in children with OSA due to ATH.

Can Peritoneal Dialysis Remove Endothelin-1 after Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Repair of Congenital Heart Disease? (체외순환을 이용한 선천성 심장수술 후에 시행한 복막투석이 내피의존성 혈관 활성 물질인 Endothelin-1을 제거할 수 있는가?)

  • Chang, Yun-Hee;Ban, Ji-Eun;Lee, Hyoung-Doo;Lee, Sun-Hee;Rhym, Byuong-Yong;Sung, Si-Chan
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.40 no.4 s.273
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    • pp.247-255
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    • 2007
  • Background: Lung injury that follows bypass has been well described. It is manifested as reduced oxygenation and lung compliance and, most importantly, increased pulmonary vascular resistance reactivity; this is a known cause of morbidity and mortality after repair of congenital heart disease. Injury to the pulmonary vascular endothelium, and its associated alterations of endothelin-1, is considered to be a major factor of bypass-induced lung injury. Removing endothelin-1 after bypass may attenuate this response. This study measured the concentration of serum and peritoneal effluent endothelin-1 after performing bypass to determine if endothelin-1 can be removed via peritoneal dialysis. Material and Method: From March 2005 to March 2006, 18 patients were enrolled in this study Peritoneal catheters were placed at the end of surgery. Serum samples were obtained before and after bypass, and peritoneal effluents were obtained after bypass. Endothelin-1 was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: In the patients with a severe increase of the pulmonary artery pressure or flow, the mean preoperative plasma endothelin-1 concentration was significantly higher than that in the patients who were without an increase of their pulmonary artery pressure or flow (4.2 vs 1.8 pg/mL, respectively, p<0.001). The mean concentration of plasma endothelin-1 increased from a preoperative value of $3.61{\pm}2.17\;to\;5.33{\pm}3.72 pg/ml$ immediately after bypass. After peritoneal dialysis, the mean plasma endothelin-1 concentration started to decrease. Its concentration at 18 hours after bypass was significantly lower than the value obtained immediately after bypass (p=0.036). Conclusion: Our data showed that the plasma endothelin-1 concentration became persistently decreased after starting peritoneal dialysis, and this suggests that peritoneal dialysis can remove the circulating plasma endothelin-1.

A Case of Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) in a Miniature Schunauzer Dog (Miniature Schunauzer Dog에서 발생한 심방중격 결손 증례)

  • Park, Chul;Choi, Chi-bong;Kim, Il-hwan;Park, Hee-myung
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.307-310
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    • 2003
  • An atrial septal defect (ASD) is congenital heart disease with a communication between the atria, which allows blood to shoot from the atrium with pressure. A 3-month-old female Miniature Schunauzer was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University for the evaluation of systolic heart murmur. At presentation, the mucous membrane was cyanotic. On physical examination, an ejection-type systolic murmur was auscultated at the pulmonic area. In addition, thoracic radiography showed enlargement of main pulmonary artery and right atrial/ventricular enlargement. Echocardiography revealed dilated right atrium and atrial septal defect. However, mitral and tricuspid valve were still intact and well tolerating. The presence of an ASD was confirmed by identifying flow across the defect with color Doppler imaging. Doppler echocardiography provides a means of non-invasive documentation and quantification of ASD. Complete blood count and serum chemistry were not remarkable. Although large defect was confirmed between the two atrium, the patient did not show any obvious clinical signs of heart failure at this time.

Primary Fibrosarcoma of Right Atrium: A Case Report (우심방에 발생한 원발성 섬유성 육종: 1례 치험 보고)

  • 이성행
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.173-178
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    • 1977
  • A 51 year old man was admitted to the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Department of Kyungpook University Hospital on April 7, 1976, with chief complaints of orthopnea and the chest pain for about 3 months. Physical examination showed narrow pulse pressure, puffy face, engorged neck veins at sitting position, distant heart sound, enlarged liver and edematous upper extremities. The chest roentgenogram demonstrated markedly enlarged cardiac silhouette. Low voltage and the low to diphagic T`s were noted on the electrocardiogram. Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia was developed intermittently and was subsided spontaneously. Repeated pericardiocentesis were performed each of which yielded from 100 to 300ml. but intractable cardiac failure was progressed. The bacteriology and cytology of the pericardial fluid were not revealed any specific findings. The pericardiectomy was performed to release the intractable cardiac tamponade. Pericardium was found to be thickened and cardiac constriction was noted. The thickened pericardium was easily removed. A large hen`s egg sized dark blue tumor mass occupied the anterior wall of the right atrium and two thumb tip sized pearl gray tumors were placed at the just below portion of the main pulmonary artery. The biopsy report revealed primary fibrosarcoma of the heart. The patient was improved from the symptoms of the cardiac failure during the postoperative course.

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Clinical Study of Ventricular Function Following Open Heart Surgery by Radionuclide Angiocardiogram - left ventricular ejection fraction by ECG gated blood pool scan - (방사성 동위원소를 이용한 개심술 전후의 심실기능 변화에 관한 연구: ECG gated blood pool scan을 이용한 ejection fraction 검사)

  • Lee, Jeong-Cheol;Kim, Gyu-Tae
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.25-34
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    • 1986
  • Recently, radionuclide angiocardiogram is one of the most common procedure for assessment of ventricular performance due to its distinctive advantages such as safety, accuracy, and ease of repeated studies. Also, measurement and comparison between pre and postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] are meaningful for assessing the severity of myocardial damage which occurred during open heart surgery and the status of myocardial recovery. We obtained pre and post operative LVEF using radionuclide angiocardiogram on 30 patients composed of atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, cyanotic congenital heart disease, and valvular heart disease who undergone the open heart surgery from March to august 1984. The study revealed that ventricular septal defect and mitral valvular heart disease showed 8.1% and 6.2% decreases of postoperative LVEF, respectively. But, there are little increases of postoperative LVEF in the atrial septal defect and cyanotic congenital heart disease. In ventricular septal defect, each group of Qp/Qs over 2.0 and systolic pulmonary artery pressure over 50mmHg showed significant 17% and 14.7% decreases of postoperative LVEF, respectively. Considering the duration of the aortic cross clamping times and closing methods of VSD, each group of duration over 30 min. and of patch closure showed 13.9% and 14.2% decreases of LVEF between pre and postoperative status respectively which was significant finding statistically.

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Effects of changing position on cardiac output & on patient's discomforts after cardiac surgery (개심술을 받은 환자의 체위에 따른 심박출량 및 불편감에 관한 연구)

  • Yu Mi;Kwon Eun-Ok;Choi Yun-Kyoung;Kang Hyun-Ju;Oh Se-Eun
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.256-270
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    • 2000
  • Invasive hemodynamic monitoring has become a valuable assessment parameters in critical care nursing in patients undergoing open heart surgery patients. During cardiac surgery, the Swan Ganz catheter is placed in the pulmonary artery. Critical care nurses routinely obtain cardiac output, cardiac index, and pulmonary arterial pressure in these patients. Traditionally, patients are positioned flat and supine for cardiac output measurement. Numerous studies have dealt with the effects of changing position on the hemodynamic variables. However, there are a few studies dealing with patients who undergo cardiac surgery in Korea. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of changing position on cardiac output, PAP, CVP, BP, HR and discomfort in patients after cardiac surgery. A sample of 21 adults who had CABG and/or valve replacement with Swan Ganz catheters in place was studied. The data were collected in the cardiac ICU of a university hospital in Seoul during the period from July 28, 1999 to August 30. 1999. In this study, the independent variable is patient position in the supine, 30 degree, and 45 degree angles. Dependent variables are C.O., C.I., CVP, PAP, MAP, HR and patients' perceived discomforts. Subject discomfort was measured subjectively by visual analogue scale. Other hemodynamic data where collected by the thermodilution method and by direct measurement. The data were analyzed by percentile, t-test, ANOVA, Linear regression analysis using SPSS-/WIN program. The results are as follows : 1) Changes in cardiac output were absent in different angle positions, 0, 30. 45 degrees(F=.070, P=.932). Changes in cardiac index were absent in different angle positions, 0. 30, 45 degrees(P>.05). 2) Changes in central venous pressure were absent in different angle positions, 0, 30, 45 degree(P>.05). 3) PAP had no change in different angle 0, 30, 45 degree positions; systolic PAP(P>.05), diastolic PAP(P>.05). 4) Changes in systolic blood pressure were absent in different angle positions, 0, 30, 45 degree(P>.05). 5) Changes in heart rates were absent in different angle positions, 0, 30, 45 degree(P>.05). 6) Patients' perceived discomfort was absent in different angle positions, 0, 30, 45 degree(p<.05). In conclusion, critical care nurses can measure C.O., C.I., PAP, BP, & CVP in cardiac surgery patients at 30 degree or 45 degree positions. This can improve the patients' comfort.

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