• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.207-222
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• 2020

As the COVID-19 continues spreading, Korea's Ministry of Education (MOE) announced that all public schools, including elementary, middle, and high schools, must begin on April 9, 2020, via online teaching for the first time in the nation's history. There were opposite views among educators regarding the unprecedented attempt to start school online. This study intends to analyze the strategies and policies of distance learning in the public education sector using the experiences in Korea, which has been dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic over the past six months, and thus presents educational implications that may be of interest other countries in the post-COVID-19 era. This study first conceptualized the distance education policy in two domains: technological infrastructure and technological teaching and learning, and then examined what specific policies have supported distance education in school settings. For the analysis of policies supporting distance education in Korea, this study analyzed the relevant documents that include the annual plan and press release uploaded on the website of MOE from early March until early August. Accordingly, 13 documents that contain the distance education policy were analyzed in this study. To provide equal opportunities for all students and ensure fair resource allocations, technological inequality should be discussed in the context of educational inequality. Finally, this study looks at how strategies and policies could be related to educational equality and equity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.477-491
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• 2010

This paper aimed to understand current trends in online lectures for Korean SAT based on students' academic performances through a qualitative interview approach. In results, the highest academic performance group showed a good deal of interest and usage in online lectures. This group participants preferred private online lectures to public ones. However, the lowest academic group liked to use public online lectures. The middle academic groups who lived in an expensive area spent a lot of money for tutoring or attending private institutes rather than online lectures. Suggestions are: self-regulated learning is needed, public onilne lectures should have improved contents, and lastly, these online lectures are required to be connected with regular school curriculum.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.169-175
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• 2013

Smart flexible work has been a topic of considerable interest to researchers, practitioners, and public policy advocates as a tool to help individuals manage work and family roles. In this study, we investigated the types of smart flexible work arrangement and analyzed the organizational units associated with it. We found that the critical success factors of smart flexible work and the specific types of flexibility make a difference in the effects found. And we proposed on the direction of policy promotion that can contribute to the introduction of smart flexible work.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.181-188
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• 2007

The existing art museums existed for preservation and exhibition of collected material and the work which has artistic value. But today the art museum is not just for preservation and exhibition. It takes charge of public education as opened place to public. Further, it wants to be the art museum that the visitors who visit the art museum can enjoy and participate. The role change of like this is judged with the inevitable result which follows in many social demand. And increase with interest of leisure and culture life and continued demand for education, the role of modern art museum is becoming wider. Llike this, to accomplish these roles, space configuration of the modern art museum is changing. In the future, to meet more social demands and to solve flexibly, the modern art museum must concern more spacial efforts. Therefore, to grasp the change and the aspect of modern art museum, this study analyzes the Jeonbuk Province Art Museum, the Gyeongnam Art Museum and the Gyeonggido Museum of Art, They are most recently opened museum after 2000. To grasp space configuration of these museums, space syntax was used. And with the result which is analyzed, as grasps the problem and suggest an alternative idea, it can suggest advanced and proper direction.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2010

Based on a survey of citizens and data analysis on the environmental status of the Miyun Reservoir watershed, China, the environmental awareness of citizens residing in the watershed and the impacting factors are discussed. The contingent valuation method was used to evaluate the willingness of villagers to pay (WTP) for abatement of the rural domestic pollution and to assess the intensity level of the villagers' desire for improving environmental conditions in the Miyun Reservoir watershed. It was found that rural watershed residents had a fundamental cognitive understanding of the pollution status and protection measures of the Miyun Reservoir. However, based on the survey, local residents had only a small interest in their participation to improve the environmental status of the reservoir, despite their general attitude to protect the reservoir being very positive. Gender and family income were closely associated with the overall attitudes of the population. Public media are the most preferable means for conveying knowledge of environmental protection to people living in the watershed. Increasing the educational level, along with income, are the best ways to enhance the desire of the villagers to improve the environmental quality and management.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.769-772
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• 2003

Middleware enables different networking devices and protocols to inter-operate in ubiquitous home network environments. The UPnP(Universal Plug and Play) middleware, which runs on a PC and is based on the IPv4 protocol, has attracted much interest in the field of home network research since it has versatility. The UPnP, however, cannot be easily accessed via the public Internet since the UPnP devices that provide services and the Control Points that control the devices are configured with non-routable local private or Auto IP networks. The critical question is how to access UPnP network via the public Internet. The purpose of this study is to deal with the non-routability problem in local private and Auto IP networks by improving the conventional Control Point used in UPnP middleware-based home networks. For this purpose, this paper proposes an improved Control Point for accessing and controlling the home network from remote sites via the public Internet, by adding a web server to the conventional Control Point. The improved Control Point is implemented in an embedded GNU/Linux system running on an ARM9 platform.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2019

The paper aims to combine balance sheet analysis at the firm level with the International Monetary Fund's public debt sustainability assessment framework to assess state-owned enterprises' (SOE) leverage as a contingent liability to the public sector. Based on company data and the interest coverage ratio as a measure of debt at risk, aggregate baseline scenarios are projected to gauge the magnitude of SOE debt as a contingency. SOE's financial and debt ratios are first bootstrapped to generate firm-level distributions and then averaged into a fan chart of the economy-wide SOE contingent liability. Applied to the People's Republic of China as an example, the study finds that by the end of 2015 SOE leverage had grown to a substantial liability. However arbitrary the assumptions underlying these projections, it would appear that even if authorities had to mop up as much as 20% of SOE debt at risk gone bad, this would have been manageable at roughly 2.7% of the gross domestic product in 2016 or 5.5% by 2021. This projection framework is fully amenable to alternative assumptions and settings, which makes it a useful analytical tool to monitor contingent liabilities from non-financial corporate debt that have been building in emerging and advanced economies alike.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.385-396
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• 2021

This paper investigated the satisfaction of agro-healing and analyzed its willingness to participate in agro-healing in the future. First, a survey of intentions to participate in agro-healing found that the ratio of participation was 55.6% (125 people). It is analyzed that more than half of teenagers who have experienced agro-healing programs are willing to participate again. Second, a survey of satisfaction with agro-healing showed the highest improvement in agricultural awareness, including increased public interest value of agriculture. This can be seen as a way to raise public awareness of agriculture, as well as the effects of mental and physical health recovery, social integration contributions, and social safety contributions. Third, an analysis of the effect of awareness on the willingness to participate in agro-healing showed that the less significant it was, the higher the awareness, the higher the willingness to participate. In other words, various information delivery means, such as public relations measures, should be prepared to raise awareness of agro-healing. Fourth, it can be seen that those with low satisfaction with expected effects such as health recovery, social safety, social integration, and improved agricultural awareness have a clear difference in their willingness to participate in the future. In other words, the higher the satisfaction level of the agro-healing program, the higher the willingness to participate in the agro-healing industry in the future.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.177-187
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• 2021

The global economy has been very difficult due to the recent impact of COVID-19. Korea is also pushing for strong quarantine policies such as K- quarantine and social distancing, but the economy is hardly recovering. In particular, the economic situation began to change rapidly depending on the export and domestic market, the public's interest in the economy increased, and companies became more sensitive. In order to estimate this rapidly changing economic situation, major advanced countries have also developed models that can periodically monitor the economy at the government level. Through this, by periodically reporting the economic trends, the public and companies can be aware of the economic trends to some extent. This study analyzed the cases of weekly business trends in advanced countries and developed a model of weekly economic activity suitable for Korea. To verify this, indices closely related to the economy such as mobility, industrial activity, face-to-face consumption, and psychology were discovered and estimated. As a result of the study, the weekly economic activity index was judged to be very useful in capturing short-term real economic activity. In the future, in order to secure the robustness and stability of the index and to increase the reflection of reality, model improvement and parameter estimation should be performed regularly.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.525-536
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• 2022

Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) attract considerable interest as useful microorganisms; nevertheless, a generalized culture technique has not been previously reported owing to difficulty in their cultivation. Therefore, a simple culture technique suitable for public use was investigated. Among the PSB tested, the strain Rhodobacter azotoformans EBN-7 was the most suitable for scale-up production because it showed the highest specific growth rate (0.20 h^-1) on basal medium. In scale-up cultivation (500 L), R. azotoformans EBN-7 showed 4.50 × 10¹⁰ colony-forming units mL^-1 (number of viable cells), dry cell weight of 26.8 g/L, and a specific growth rate of 0.15 h^-1. Cultivation using this final culture broth (as seed culture) in a 15 L simple reactor was successful, with maintenance of cell activity evident. For use as seed culture, the maximum allowable preservation period of R. azotoformans EBN-7 at 4℃ was 3 months. When R. azotoformans EBN-7 cultivated in a simple technique was applied to shrimp aquaculture water, NH₄⁺-N was reduced from 0.61 mg/L to 0.24 mg/L (by 60.7%) in 4 days in comparison with the control. Thus, this simple culture technique using R. azotoformans EBN-7 has the potential for a good removal efficiency of NH₄⁺-N, making seed culture easier and suitable for public use.