• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.221-238
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of intolerance of uncertainty and experiential avoidance on relationship addiction and to investigate the mediating effect of experiential avoidance in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and relationship addiction among unmarried adults. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted on unmarried adults aged 20 to 29 who are currently engaged in opposite-sex romantic relationships, and a total of 302 data were used for analysis.. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 and PROCESS MACRO v4.2. The main results of this study are as follows. First, intolerance of uncertainty and experiential avoidance had significant effects on relationship addiction. Second, experiential avoidance had a significant mediating effect between intolerance of uncertainty and relationship addiction tendencies. This study identified individual psychological factors that induce relationship addiction. Based on the research results, this study suggests directions for counseling interventions to reduce relationship addiction tendencies and promote healthier relationship patterns among unmarried adults.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.45-111
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• 2023

This paper examines the apparition of the Virgin Mary revealed in Rue du Bac, Paris, France, in 1830, from a perspective of analytical psychology. To do so, it amplifies the archetypal motifs manifested in the images of the Virgin Mary of Rue du Bac by introducing the medieval alchemical picture titled "Glorification of the body portrayed as the coronation of the Virgin Mary" from Reusner's Pandora (1588). This image of the Virgin Mary is full of archetypal motifs that show the process and end result of individuation, which is the main idea of Jungian psychology. These symbols that depict the individuation process, both in Reusner's Pandora and in the Mary of Rue du Bac, are expressions of mythologems, constituent elements of the collective unconscious. Jung noted that these mythologems are the ultimate base and matrix of all religions. Through examining the archetypal motifs, which appear in the Mary of Rue du Bac, the apparition of the Mary turns out to be the revelation of the archetypal image of the Self in a space-time continuum, which is constellated in the collective unconscious. That is, an archetypal figure revealed itself to a witness' ego-consciousness to whom a space-time continuum functions as a cognitive category. The Mary of Rue du Bac represents the union of the opposites of divinity and humanity, which lacks in the symbolism of the Cross in Christianity. In this regard, she is an image of the new savior, who opens the new aeon of the Aquarius. The revealed image of Mary shows that divinity originates from the inner realm of the human psyche, that corporeal human beings are the matrix in which the divine incarnates, and that human being is the subject of psychological redemption. The image of Mary awakens us to the value of divinity in the human psyche in the times when the spiritual values Christianity has retained declines drastically.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.115-140
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• 2024

Objectives: This study investigates the impact of M&L psychotherapy on an adolescent with anxiety disorders transitioning into adulthood, using a retrospective mixed-method approach. Methods: An adolescent with Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5-diagnosed anxiety disorders underwent combined treatment with M&L psychotherapy and complex Korean medicine therapy over a period of approximately two years. Patient records tracked the diagnosis, treatments, and progress. In-depth interviews were also conducted. The study used a convergent parallel mixed-method approach, integrating quantitative analysis from psychological assessments, including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-X), the Core Seven Emotions Inventory-short form (CSEI-s), and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), with qualitative analyses of traditional Korean medicine counseling session notes, interviews, and other qualitative psychological assessments. Results: State anxiety decreased from 40 to 36, and trait anxiety decreased from 42 to 34. MMPI-2 L scale scores decreased slightly to 64T, whereas S scale scores increased to 62T, and FRS scores decreased to 70T from an initial score of 78T. Qualitative analysis revealed an increase in the MMPI-2 Es scale, identified as "subjectivity." Joy (喜) emerged as the highest emotional profile score in the CSEI-S. Scores for anger (怒), thought (思), fear (恐), and fright (驚) decreased, indicating improved negative emotions. Qualitatively, expressions of determination to "move forward" and "strengthen the mind" were noted, suggesting enhanced "lower danjeon (下丹田)." Conclusions: Integrating traditional Korean medicine treatment with M&L psychotherapy for a vulnerable adolescent with anxiety disorders demonstrated efficacy. Further research is warranted to substantiate the effectiveness of M&L psychotherapy and advocate for its wider adoption in mainstream practice.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to develop a program that allows older women to provide voluntary services for child nursing facilities, making those women have more social participation, effectively their spare time and ultimately improve the quality of their life. Results of the study can be described as follows. First, social requests about the use of older women as volunteers for child nursing services were analyzed to show that most people working at child nursing facilities perceived lack in the number of child nursing teachers. Those people recognized the need of using older women as service volunteers for the facilities. They were very positive about such use. Second, it is recommendable that volunteers of child nursing service should be not too much older women, or below 65. Voluntary activities that those women participate include taking care of younger children, reading interesting stories for children, helping works of child homes, teaching manners and living attitudes, instructing dietary etiquettes and cooking. Voluntary service activities should be made 1 to 3 times a week, 1 to 2 hours a time, considering psychological and physical states of older people. Third, such older volunteers should be educated about 6 areas, 'the operation and management of child homes, 'practices', 'child health and safety', 'the quality of child nursing', 'child development and counseling' and 'voluntary service training'. Out of these six areas, 'child health and safety' and 'voluntary service training' are more required to be instructed. such training needs to focus on activities in which older women can actually engage as volunteers. Fourth, it is advisable that the recruitment and management of such volunteers are led by the city and that the development of training programs for voluntary service activities and education of the volunteers are referred to universities.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.330-342
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• 2013

Objectives This study was to examine the differences on alexithymia, rumination, depression and somatic symptoms by each Sasang constitution, and aimed at combining the psychological construct with Korean medical treatment. Methods One hundred eighty men and women aged from 20 to 69 who reside in Geoje-si were selected, and data from 173 people consisting of the three constitutions-Soyangin(39), Taeeumin(83), and Soeumin(51), excepted the minority sample of Taeyangin(7 people)-were analyzed. Collected data were analyzed and tested by IBM SPSS Statistics 20: frequency analysis for demographic data; t-test for gender differences; one-way ANOVA for differences among three constitutions; and Pearson correlation analysis for the correlation between variables. Results The result of t-test taken for the gender differences between variables was not significant. According to the result of one-way ANOVA conducted by different Sasang constitutions, no variables showed a significant result except that of alexithymia. The correlation analysis showed that the alexithymia had positive correlation with rumination, depression, and somatic symptoms. Rumination was in positive correlation with depression and somatic symptoms. Especially, depression had high positive correlation with somatization symptoms. Among the variables analyzed by each constitution, only the survey result of the alexithymia was significant. Conclusions Given that each constitution showed different levels of the alexithymia, it can be concluded that therapeutic intervention in the treatment for the Taeeumin who shows a high level of alexithymia is needed to improve their emotional recognition and expression. In this context, application of program which focus on the emotional ability such as emotion coaching to the Korean medical treatment is expected to improve alexithymia, depression, and somatic symptoms.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.184-196
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of Sanhujori facility use among the first time mothers in Korea. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted, using focus group interview. Data were collected from the 24 first time mothers of 4 focus groups, who had given birth within 6 month and had used one of the Sanhujori facilities located in C province, Korea. After obtaining written informed consent from all participants, each session of the focus group was audio-taped and transcribed into verbatim. Data were analyzed using content analysis in order to identify significant themes. Results: Four major themes that emerged from the data were as follows. 1) Promoting postpartum physical recovery through a enough time with only focusing on herself, 2) Promoting postpartum psychological recovery through emotional and informational support with peer mothers, 3) Experiencing breast feeding difficulties and disappointing with unsatisfied help from health professionals, and 4) Lack of the professional education programs regarding parenting. Conclusion: Based on these results, it will be suggested that the various support programs by not only the peer mothers co-resided in Sanhujori facilities but also the health care professionals in the Sanhujori facilities should be developed for helping a "becoming a mother" of the first time mother in the Sanhujori facilities. In addition, qualified education and counseling program, especially for the successful breast feeding, should be provided by the health care professionals for improving mothering ability of the first time mother in the Sanhujori facilities.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.44-55
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for developing a social policy program and group counseling program that will help matriarchs adapt successfully by investigating the level of depression and perceived health status in them. The data was collected from the period February to July, 2000 which included 155 matriarchs who registered at the 'YWCA', 'Working Women Center' located in Busan. The matriarche's depression was measured through a questionnaire composed of 13 selected items which correspond to depression of SCL-90-R scale and the tool for perceived health status measured by Ware(1976) translated by Yoo Ji Soo, Kim Jo Ja and Park Ji Won (1985). The data was then analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and pearson correlation coefficient. The result of which are, as follow: 1. The mean score of depression was 30.8 (SD=${\pm}5.1$) from a range of 13 to 52, and perceived health states was 28.3 (SD=${\pm}4.4$) from a range of 11 to 44. 2.83.3% of the matriarchs have experienced mild depression and above and 3.9% of them experienced high level of depression. 9.0% of the matriarchs perceived their health status low and 78.6% of them have percieved their health status moderately. 3. There was a significant difference statistically in the degree of depression according to the religion(t=2.852, p=.005) and income(t=4.25, p=.000). 4.There was also a negative correlation between depression and perceived health status (r=-.499, p=.000) In conclusion, the majority of matriarchs have experienced depression and perceived their health status below moderately, and there was a significant correlation between depression and preceived health status. Considering these facts therefore, We recommend that this data be used in developing nursing intervention program and in understanding matriarchs. Finally, it is suggested that the nursing assistance for matriarchs should not be limited only to physical support but also psychological and systematic support as well.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.242-256
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was done to clarify attributes, antecedents, and consequences of spirituality. Methods: Rodgers's evolutionary concept analysis was used to analyze fifty seven studies from the literature related to spirituality as it appears in systematic literature reviews of theology, medicine, counseling & psychology, social welfare, and nursing. Results: Spirituality was found to consist of two dimensions and eight attributes: 1) vertical dimension: 'intimacy and connectedness with God' and 'holy life and belief', 2) horizontal dimension: 'self-transcendence', 'meaning and purpose in life', 'self-integration', and 'self-creativity' in relationship with self, 'connectedness' and 'trust' in relationship with others neighbors nature. Antecedents of spirituality were socio-demographic, religious, psychological, and health related characteristics. Consequences of spirituality were positive and negative. Being positive included 'life centered on God' in vertical dimension, and among horizontal dimension 'joy', 'hope', 'wellness', 'inner peace', and 'self-actualization' in relationship with self, 'doing in love' and 'extended life toward neighbors and the world' in relationship with others neighbors nature. Being negative was defined as having 'guilt', 'inner conflict', 'loneliness', and 'spiritual distress'. Facilitators of spirituality were stressful life events and experiences. Conclusion: Spirituality is a multidimensional concept. Unchangeable attributes of spirituality are 'connectedness with God', 'self-transcendence', 'meaning of life' and 'connectedness with others nature'. Unchangeable consequences of spirituality are 'joy' and 'hope'. The findings suggest that the dimensional framework of spirituality can be used to assess the current spiritual state of patients. Based on these results, the development of a Korean version of the scale measuring spirituality is recommended.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.436-451
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• 2017

In primary and secondary schools, various information, such as grade results, observation and counseling materials, and psychological examination results which are generated in the course of educational activities, are accumulated and managed in various forms. Nevertheless, there is no educational information system that provides the analytical information for diagnosing and grasping students in a multidimensional manner. This is reminiscent of situations in which doctors rely solely on clinical experience to treat patients without using the results of various tests on patients. As pointed out by the Ministry of Education in 'Educational Big Data Utilization Measures' of the 5th Basic Plan of Educational Informatization(2014 ~ 2018), the reason why educational information systems do not exist is because there are no basic research as well as comprehensive and systemic research on this field. Therefore, this study aims to design and implement a prototype for educational information system that enables customized student guidance by introducing the concept of analytical information systems that are used in various fields. We defined the core functions and contents of educational information system through job analysis and focus group interview, and implemented the prototype using Naver ProtoNow.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.166-175
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• 2017

This study examined children from two families exposed to domestic violence and had psychological counseling in July 2017 at KOVA, a support organization for crime victims. The subjects were exposed to family violence in excess of 10 years and was protected by the shelter with their mothers who had filed complaints with the local police. Victims of domestic violence often face difficulty in avoiding the source of aggression, and thus experience repetitive attacks. This research was conducted at the Buddhism Brain Research Facility, Seoul University, to identify and quantify the emotional characteristics of the affected children in which it is difficult to escape from their living conditions. Data was collected by BrainMaster, a 19-channel examination kit, and analyzed by NeuroGuide. As a result of analyzing the emotional characteristics of the affected children through Quantitative EEG and brain topographical map, we found an increase of slow wave and problems with abnormality of Alpha, High Beta in the left and right Frontal area asymmetry.