• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.1940-1947
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• 2022

Objective: This study examined the effects of dietary calcium (Ca) and non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) on performance, tibial characteristics, meat quality and plasma biochemical variables in yellow-feathered broilers during 85 to 105 d of age. Methods: A total of 720 heads of 85-d broilers were allocated into 9 groups and provided with three levels of Ca (0.65%, 0.75%, 0.85%), and NPP (0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%) in diets for 21 d. Results: The final body weight (FW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed to gain ratio (F:G) were affected (p<0.05) by dietary Ca. From the quadratic regressions, the optimal level of Ca in diet were 0.71% for FW and ADG, and 0.67% for ADFI. Dietary Ca and NPP both significantly affected tibial breaking strength and density. From the quadratic regressions, the optimal level of Ca and NPP in diet were 0.81% and 0.37% for tibial density. The shear force of breast muscle of broilers given 0.75% or 0.85% Ca were lower than that in birds with 0.65% Ca and drip loss of birds given 0.65% or 0.75% Ca was lower than that in birds with 0.85% Ca (p<0.05). The drip loss of birds given 0.25% NPP was lowest among all NPP treatments (p<0.05). Calcium affected (p<0.05) the plasmal contents of phosphorus, osteocalcin (OC), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin and the contents of OC and PTH were also influenced by dietary NPP. Conclusion: Dietary Ca and NPP level affected tibial characteristics, meat quality and biochemical variables in plasma of finisher-phase yellow-feathered broilers (85 to 105 d) and Ca also affected growth performance. Dietary 0.71% Ca and 0.30% NPP were enough for growth performance, while considering the growth performance, tibial characteristics, meat quality and biochemical variables together, 0.75% Ca and 0.37% NPP were recommended.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.245-247
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• 2001

This paper presents a series of simulation results of transient stability on SCOPF operated power system whose transmission capabilities are limited by voltage stability. Three steps of voltage security guidelines, 5[%], 7[%], 10[%] are introduced to increase power transfer from generation centers to load center and observed the effects of voltage guidelines to transient stability for three kinds of load level(peak, medium, off-peak). As a result, dynamic characteristics weren't affected by the voltage security limits in model system, but became worse for the off-peak level than peak case, and sustain oscillations are observed for the all load level. This gives us some intitutions for the development and applications of security limits to use SCOPF program in open electric market.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.108-110
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• 2005

Most of the evaluation systems have performed evaluation with an emphasis on information security products so far. However, evaluating information security level for an enterprise needs analysis of the whole enterprise organization, and a synthetic and systematic evaluation system based on it. This study has tried to grasp the information security level of the whole enterprise organization, and develop an evaluation system of information security level for suggesting a more developing direction of information security.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.165-173
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• 1997

This paper reviewed the legal bases and characteristics of agricultural extension services and organizational changes during the last fifty years in Korea. It was found that the legal bases extension services were rather weak are very important factors affecting agricultural extension services and organizational structures of agricultural extension institutions. It would be necessary to take legal steps to strengthen agricultural extension services by institute legal proceedings the characteristics of extension organization including the relationships among central, provincial and county level extension services, missions and objectives, personnel and facility management.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.4493-4497
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• 2014

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can predict the clinical response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. However, EGFR mutations may be different in primary tumors (PT) and metastatic lymph nodes (MLN). The aim of this study was to compare EGFR mutations between PT and the corresponding MLN in NSCLC patients, and provide some guidelines for clinical treatment using TKI therapy. Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed with several research databases. Relative risk (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to investigate the EGFR mutation status between PT and the corresponding MLN. A random-effects model was used. Results: 9 publications involving 707 patients were included in the analysis. It was found that activation of EGFR mutations identified in PT and the corresponding MLN was 26.4% (187/707) and 19.9% (141/707), respectively. The overall discordance rate in our meta-analysis was 12.2% (86/707). The relative risk (RR) for EGFR mutation in PT relative to MLN was 1.33 (95%CI: 1.10-1.60; random-effects model). There was no significant heterogeneity between the studies ($I^2$=5%, p=0.003). Conclusions: There exists a considerable degree of EGFR mutation discrepancy in NSCLC between PT and corresponding MLN, suggesting that tumor heterogeneity might arise at the molecular level during the process of metastasis.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.425-430
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• 2009

This experiment was investigated to select suitable cultivars for the hydroponics of sweet pepper in the alpine area in summer. Sweet pepper plants were grown in the greenhouse in Jinbu (550m above sea level), Pyungchang, Korea. Seeding and transplanting of the 12 sweet pepper cultivars were done in February and April, respectively. The sweet pepper fruits were harvested every week from July to November. Seven cultivars were chosen from the 12 tested cultivars. 'Special' and 'Cupra' for red, 'Boogie', 'Fellini' and 'President' for orange, and 'Fiesta' and 'Derby' for yellow had more fruit sets, the more percentage of standardized products for the export to Japan, and higher yield than the other cultivars. This result has shown various characteristics among or within the cultivars. This study would provide the basic database of cultivars and give the information about control vegetative and reproductive growth to the farmers cultivating sweet pepper.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2727-2732
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the incidence and mortality of female breast cancer in Jiangsu Province of China. Methods: Incidence and mortality data for female breast cancer and corresponding population statistics from eligible cancer registries in Jiangsu from 2006 to 2010 were collected and analyzed. Crude rates, age-specific rates and age-standardized rates of incidence and mortality were calculated, and annual present changes (APCs) were estimated to describe the time trends. Results: From 2006 to 2010, 11,013 new cases and 3,068 deaths of female breast cancer were identified in selected cancer registry areas of Jiangsu. The annual average crude incidence and age-standardized incidence by world population (ASW) were 25.2/ and 17.9/100,000 respectively. The annual average crude and ASW for mortality rates were 7.03/ and 4.81/100,000. The incidence was higher in urban areas than that in rural areas, and this was consistent in all age groups. No significant difference was observed in mortality between urban and rural areas. Two peaks were observed when looking at age-specific rates, one at 50-59 years and another at over 85 years. During the 5 years, incidence and mortality increased with APCs of 4.47% and 6.89%, respectively. Compared to the national level, Jiangsu is an area with relatively low risk of female breast cancer. Conclusion: Breast cancer has become a main public health problem among Chinese females. More prevention and control activities should be conducted to reduce the burden of this disease, even in relatively low risk areas like Jiangsu.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.761-772
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• 2017

Glioblastoma is the most frequent and most aggressive brain tumor in adults. Solute carrier family 8 member 2 (SLC8A2) is only expressed in normal brain, but not present in other human normal tissues or in gliomas. Therefore, we hypothesized that SLC8A2 might be a glioma tumor suppressor gene and detected the role of SLC8A2 in glioblastoma and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. The glioblastoma U87MG cells stably transfected with the lentivirus plasmid containg SLC8A2 (U87MG-SLC8A2) and negative control (U87MG-NC) were constructed. In the present study, we found that the tumorigenicity of U87MG in nude mice was totally inhibited by SLC8A2. Overexpression of SLC8A2 had no effect on cell proliferation or cell cycle, but impaired the invasion and migration of U87MG cells, most likely through inactivating the extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway, inhibiting the nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$), reducing the level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-its receptor (uPAR) system (ERK1/2-$NF-{\kappa}B$-MMPs/uPA-uPAR), and altering the protein levels of epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT)-associated proteins E-cardherin, vimentin and Snail. In addition, SLC8A2 inhibited the angiogenesis of U87MG cells, probably through combined inhibition of endothelium-dependent and endothelium-nondependent angiogenesis (vascular mimicry pattern). Totally, SLC8A2 serves as a tumor suppressor gene and inhibits invasion, angiogenesis and growth of glioblastoma.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.211-227
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• 2020

To explore the feasibility of eliminating the longitudinal rebars and stirrups by using ultra-high-performance fiber reinforcement concrete (UHPFRC) in concrete encased steel composite stub column, compressive behavior of UHPFRC encased steel stub column has been experimentally investigated. Effect of concrete types (normal strength concrete, high strength concrete and UHPFRC), fiber fractions, and transverse reinforcement ratio on failure mode, ductility behavior and axial compressive resistance of composite columns have been quantified through axial compression tests. The experimental results show that concrete encased composite columns with NSC and HSC exhibit concrete crushing and spalling failure, respectively, while composite columns using UHPFRC exhibit concrete spitting and no concrete spalling is observed after failure. The incorporation of steel fiber as micro reinforcement significantly improves the concrete toughness, restrains the crack propagation and thus avoids the concrete spalling. No evidence of local buckling of rebars or yielding of stirrups has been detected in composite columns using UHPFRC. Steel fibers improve the bond strength between the concrete and, rebars and core shaped steel which contribute to the improvement of confining pressure on concrete. Three prediction models in Eurocode 4, AISC 360 and JGJ 138 and a proposed toughness index (T.I.) are employed to evaluate the compressive resistance and post peak ductility of the composite columns. It is found that all these three models predict close the compressive resistance of UHPFRC encased composite columns with/without the transverse reinforcement. UHPFRC encased composite columns can achieve a comparable level of ductility with the reinforced concrete (RC) columns using normal strength concrete. In terms of compressive resistance behavior, the feasibility of UHPFRC encased steel composite stub columns with lesser longitudinal reinforcement and stirrups has been verified in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.167-176
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to suggest objective basic data for park management proposal through the quantitative analysis of users' behaviors and satisfaction for the actual conditions of management in Moaksan provincial park. For this, users' behaviors and socio-ecnomic characteristics have been analyzed. Specifically, it attempts to investigate users' anticipation and degree of satisfaction applied Expectancy Theory by Likert scale. And users' satisfaction for the actual conditions of management had been analyzed by using the multiple regression. Results of this study can be summarized as follows ; From the aspect of utilization reality, the male usage was silighty higher than female usage, and the usage rate reality, the male usage was slighty higher than female usage, and the usage rate among the young and students such as university students also appeared slightly higher than the norm. Due to the fact, subject park had been provincial park, bus usage was predominant, and users' visit park 1 or 2 times a year. Generally, the value of users' post occupancy evaluation were higher than those of anticipated, and Use in night and facilities were lower. A sense of the season, dense of forest, beauty of skyline and a perspective view appeared as main explicatory variables having positive effects on the satisfaction level for the landscape. Amount of plant and shade were positive variables on the satisfaction and users' had dissatisfaction with trial damage. According to the multiple regression analysis, the major variables to the satisfaction for the actual condition of vegetation management were diversity, recovery of artificial injury.