• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.132-144
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is setting proper portion by consumed size of food and food preference and then reducing plate wasts in school lunch. The survey was conducted from Oct. 21 to Nov. 22, 1996 through the practical measurement and questionnaires. The subjects were 43 students of 1 elementary school. The results of this survey was as follows : 1. Average consumption size of cooked rice was 115g. Average consumption size of one course dishes was 209g. The soup & pot stewes showed lower consumption rate than the other kind of foods. Average consumption size of fresh & boiled salad was 23.4g Average consumption size of stir fries was 55g. Average consumption size of steams & stewes was 42g. Most grill & fried foods showed high consumption rate compared to most of the other foods. Average consumption size of kimchies was 10.6g. The most of given desserts except apple were all consumed. 2. There was significant correlation between food preference and consumption rate for total food items. 3. Response of satisfaction about serving size of most of given foods except fresh & boiled salads, soup & pot stewes and kimchies were "moderate". 4. Visual estimation was greater than physical estimation for most of given foods. Proper portion of foods per person by results were setted as follows :

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2000

The problem of fitting of children's clothing was researched through survey papers. The survey subjects were the mothers of elementary school students (grade 1 6) and the appropriateness of size, satisfaction with size, and fittings were asked. The survey area was divided into urban and rural areas. The following is the result: The children's clothing was mostly purchased in stores that carry lower-middle price range. The elements considered upon purchase were in the order of price, size, color and patterns. The frequency of purchase is 2 outfits a year, and the highest rate purchase was shown during the change of seasons. The size was picked through trying on the garment. The preferred indication of size was the one marked according to body size. The most popular size upon purchase was one size bigger than the proper fitting size. Mothers want their children to be able to wear one outfit for two years and actually children were able to wear them for two years. The highest degree of satisfaction upon proper fitting was bust girth and shoulder breath. The most frequent reason for a new purchase is the length. The most frequent dissatisfaction is the way buttons are sowed on.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2010

'교구로봇' 교육은 영재교육과 경진대회를 통하여 초등학생과, 학부모, 교사에게 기대와 인식이 매우 보편화 되었으며, 창의성과 통섭교육에 대한 관심이 높아짐에 따라 초등학교 방과후 학교의 로봇교육은 더욱 증가할 것으로 보인다. 그러나 방과후 로봇 교실 운영에 대한 초등현장의 교구로봇 교실 운영 실태조사가 이루어지지 않고 있을 뿐만 아니라 지도교사 양성이나 체계적인 프로그램 운영 관리가 부족한 상황이다. 본 연구는 지역별, 지역단위별, 공 사립별, 학급수별에 따른 초등학교의 방과 후 '교구로봇' 교실의 운영실태 및 담당 지도교사의 인식을 조사하여 문제점을 파악하고 보다 바람직하고 효율적인 방향으로 방과후학교 로봇 교실이 정착될 수 있도록 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과에 따르면 지역별, 지역단위별, 학급수에 따른 '로봇교실'의 실시현황은 유의미한 차이를 보였으며, 수업을 운영함에 있어 가장 큰 문제는 반편성 방법에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 방과후학교 수업을 통하여 기대하는 효과에 대하여 지도교사들은 사교육비 절감 및 창의력 향상을 가장 기대하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.407-409
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• 2017

Air pollutants of concern include traffic-related air pollution, including particulate matter in respirable coarse and fine size fractions. There are no critical studies to date into associations between knowledge, awareness, and attitudes in using proper respiratory masks and prevalence of respiratory symptoms among urban street vendors in Thailand. In this study, we estimated adverse respiratory health outcomes among street vendors, in particular young adults, in Bangkok, Thailand, using a self-report questionnaire. Street vendors, who were not currently smoking and not having known diagnosed respiratory diseases, were recruited. They were selected from selected roadsides at Chong Nonsi, Bangkok. Participants (n = 30) reported having lower respiratory (50%), upper respiratory (37%), and other symptoms (70%). Also, 53% of participants had never used respiratory personal protective equipment (PPE: masks). Among those using PPE, all used masks not proper for particulate matter. Results suggested knowledge, awareness, and attitudes concerning proper PPE use needs to be increased among street vendors in Bangkok, Thailand.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.194-202
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• 2010

There may be some problems in size fitness for ready-made-clothes purchasers with Obese body shape. The purpose of this study was to improve the wearing comfort of Junior-High School Girls' slacks by setting grading points and developing grading rules proper to the obesity. The subjects in this study was over 23 kg/m2 of the BMI. The subjects were 124 Junior-High School Girls of 12 to 14 year-old. The results of this study are as follows: (1) The size intervals of waist girth and hip girth were 3 cm and 4 cm respectively. The sizing system, which had frequencies more than 5%, was classified 8 cases. The majority segment is 76-97 size accounting for the 11.29% of subjects. (2) The measurements on 8 size from two groups after drawing slacks pattern on them revealed that the changed values of slacks front and back on the grading point marked are differ, indicating that it is needed to apply body shape. (3) The evaluation on the appearance for wearing slacks showed relatively high score, indicating that the grading between sizes within each group was effective. The studies on the body size distribution on each obesity pattern and on the setting size system reflecting characteristics of each body shape should be performed continuously.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.99-102
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• 2004

Bacteriophage PM2 has a closed circular form of double stranded DNA as a genome. This DNA from the phage is a useful source for nick-circle endonuclease assay in the fmol range. Due to difficulties in the maintenance of viral infectivity, storage conditions of the phage should be considered for the puri-fication of PM2 DNA. The proper condition for a short-term storage of less than 2 months is to keep the PM2 phage at 4$^{\circ}C$; whereas the proper condition for a long-term storage of the PM2 phage for over 2 months is to keep it under liquid nitrogen in 7.5 ％ glycerol. The optimal conditions for a high yield of phage progeny were also considered with the goal to achieve a successful PM2 DNA preparation. A MOI(Multiplicity Of Infection) of 0.03, in which the OD$\sub$600/ of the host bacteria was between 0.3 and 0.5, turned out to be optimal for the mass production of PM2 phage with a burst size of about 214. Considerations of PM2 genome size, and the concentrations and radiospecific activities of purified PM2 DNA, are required to measure the endonuclease activity in the fmol range. This study reports the proper quantitation of radioactivity and the yield of purified DNA based on these conditions.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2016

Middle size of membrane retractable roof is under 25m span which consists of various moving systems. Trolley is the system that leads the membrane to parking place, transferring the load from the membrane to structural cable. When membrane closes roof completely, thus, structural behavior of trolley, which may contain various material with different friction coefficients, should be investigated by vertical load. Nummerical simulation of trolley prototypes, in this research, was performed by incrementation of vertical load. Consequently, this paper studied proper friction characteristics and provided the effective inner materials of trolley.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.849-860
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• 2016

The high-switching-frequency operation of power converters can achieve high power density through size reduction of passive components, such as capacitors, inductors, and transformers. However, a small-output capacitor that has small capacitance and low effective series resistance changes the small-signal model of the converter power stage. Such a capacitor can make the converter unstable by increasing the crossover frequency in the transfer function of the small-signal model. In this paper, the design and implementation of a high-frequency LLC resonant converter are presented to verify the power density enhancement achieved by decreasing the size of passive components. The effect of small output capacitance is analyzed for stability by using a proper small-signal model of the LLC resonant converter. Finally, proper design methods of a feedback compensator are proposed to obtain a sufficient phase margin in the Bode plot of the loop gain of the converter for stable operation at 500 kHz switching frequency. A theoretical approach using MATLAB, a simulation approach using PSIM, and experimental results are presented to show the validity of the proposed analysis and design methods with 100 and 500 kHz prototype converters.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.47.2-47.2
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• 2019

We present a kinematic study of the two young OB associations Cygnus OB2 and Carina OB1 using the recently released Gaia astrometric data. The unimodal distributions of parallaxes of stars indicate that these associations are real stellar systems, rather than line-of-sight coincidences. The associations are found to comprise dense star clusters and a sparse halo which have different proper motions. Clusters have small spatial sizes with small dispersions in proper motion, while the haloes extending to tens of parsecs have a large dispersion in proper motion. We speculate that this aspect is related to that found in molecular clouds, the so-called "line width-size" relation. In this talk, the formation process of these associations is discussed, based on our findings.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권E호
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• pp.397-400
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• 1993

The possible air pollution problems in a proposed underground highway are discussed using carbon monoxide (CO) as an indicator. Carbon monoxide concentrations in the underground highway depend on several factors, including the size of tunnel, the number of automobiles, the CO emission rate, and the tunnel ventilation rate. Using the estimated values, CO concentrations in the underground highway can be predicted. Without proper ventilation system, CO concentration in the underground highway can be dangerous level. However, the cost of operating the mandatory mechanical ventilation system may be tremendouslyy high and may be technically unrealistic to implement. If the underground highway is constructed with proper ventilation system, a continuous air pollution monitoring system with alarming function must be installed to alert personnel of serious air pollution built up in the underground highway. Traffic must be restricted, whenever the inside air pollution levels exceed agreed values. Short distances between evacuation exits are necessary for emergency situations or malfunction of ventilation system.