• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.260-264
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• 1997

The bioequivalence of two nicotine patches was evaluated in 16 normal male volunteers (age 21 ~ 27 yrs) following single transdermal application. Test product was "Nicostop patch" made by Sam Yang Co. and reference product was "Nicotinell TTS patch" made by Korean Searle Ciba-Geigy Co. After nicotine patches were applied onto the inside of the forearm, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the nicotine concentration in plasma was determined with a sensitive GC method using NPD detector. AUC and Cm\ulcorner were calculated and statistically analyzed for the bioequivalence of the two products. The results showed that the differences in AUC and $C_{msx}$between two products were 5.47% and 2.70%, respectively. The powers (1-$\beta$) for AUC and $C_{max}$. were >90% and 88.76%, respectively. Detectable differences($\Delta$) and confidence intervals were all less than 20%. All of these parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that "Nicostop patch" is bioequivalent to "Nicotinell TTS patch" . . .

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.69-92
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• 1996

An Integrated Data Environment (IDE) is the end state of the CALS vision. It refers to an environment where all the data generated from the entire lifecycle activities of a product can be shared by anyone that participates in the management. engineering, manufacturing, or support of the product, although the data are geographically distributed and are maintained in heterogeneous platforms. The primary purpose of this paper is to introduce the fundamental concept, architecture, and core implementation technology of an IDE. The secondary purpose is to suggest some strategic directions to the planning staffs in both government and industry. and to suggest some research issues to the researchers in academia. The reference architecture of an IDE being developed by the US DoD and that of NIIIP (National Industrial Information Infrastructure Protocol) being developed by a consortium are discussed. Two principal issues of implementing an integrated database, i.e., distributed object computing including CORBA and multi-database system (MDBS) are reviewed. As a conclusion. the author suggests that daring investment in prototyping an IDE by a nationwide consortium is essential to keep up with the advanced countries in CALS implementation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.87-92
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• 2010

In this paper, we suggest a PLCS-based architecture and operation method for providing interoperability in SBA integrated collaborative environment. Specifically, the suggested architecture is based on the distributed collaborative environment which employes the PLCS application protocol and integrated repository for representing and sharing product data information between collaborators remotely located. As an example of data representation, a military vehicle system is considered and two kinds of information, including state and activity/process, are explained. We expect that the suggested architecture can be used as a reference model to develop an efficient SBA integrated collaborative environment.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.140-150
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine affecting the addictive buying behavior toward fashion luxury products. 227 female college students were who purchased fashion luxury products surveyed for this study. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and multiple regression were used. As the results, addictive buying toward luxury products was classified into three factors: impulse addictive, money addictive, and psychological addictive. Also, consumers' individuality pursuit was classified into four factors: unique choice, non-similarity choice, individual choice and non-social interest. Multiple regression results revealed that impulse buying, stress, and unique choice accounted for 38% of the explained variance in addictive buying toward luxury products. Also, regression results indicated that impulse buying, stress, unique choice and reference group accounted for 38% of the explained variance in impulse addictive buying. Finally, regression results pointed out that unique choice and impulse accounted 24% of the explained variance in psychological addictive buying. Based on these results, fashion social responsibility marketing strategies would be suggested.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.73-81
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• 2020

Purpose: This research examines the factors that influence organic food purchasing decisions of kindergartens in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: A mixed-method research was utilized in this study. It included a focus group of 10 participants and a survey of 304 respondents, (quantitative research) who are employed in the selected kindergartens, using both online and paper surveys based on nonprobability and convenient sampling. The SPSS and SmartPLS 3 software were used to analyze data. Results: a) Eight factors affect the purchase decision of kindergartens; b) Environment Attention, Normative Beliefs, Trust belief on brand, Cost of meal set, and Reference group positively affect Intention behavior; c) Feeling safe positively affect Perceived Quality Product. Perceived quality of product and Intention behavior positively affect organic food Purchase Decision of kindergartens. Conclusion: Eight factors affect organic food purchasing decisions of kindergartens in Ho Chi Minh City. This study offers recommendation and solutions for a stable output of organic products in Vietnam, and ways to popularize them within the community.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.351-362
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• 2009

This paper describes the issues that must be considered for the diagnosis and improvement of home network systems during the product development phase, and what must be done to resolve the reliability problem when a system is about to enter the Japanese market. It suggests that after the product specifications are determined, an accurate analysis of the environment is needed, and should include factors such as the temperature, humidity and power source of the country concerned. Furthermore, the video standards, residential complex installation environment, wiring specifications, and approval standards must be considered. All the above processes are described in this paper through the case study. The purpose of this paper is that suggested procedures in this research is to be used as a reference for developing similar products in the future.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.78-84
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• 2019

In many cases, the quality of a product is determined by several correlated quality variables. Control charts have been used for a long time widely to control the production process and to quickly detect the assignable causes that may produce any deterioration in the quality of a product. Numerical switching performances of multivariate cumulative sum control chart for simultaneous monitoring all components in the dispersion matrix ${\Sigma}$ under multivariate normal process $N_p({\underline{\mu}},{\Sigma})$ are considered. Numerical performances were evaluated for various shifts of the values of variances and/or correlation coefficients in ${\Sigma}$. Our computational results show that if one wants to quick detect the small shifts in a process, CUSUM control chart with small reference value k is more efficient than large k in terms of average run length (ARL), average time to signal (ATS), average number of switches (ANSW).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2020

Due to the nature of the long-term project of a Railway business, Many problems have been arisen in the process of delivering products or systems verified by suppliers to the customer's operation site. Unexpectedly, it is often necessary for the verified products to store intermediately at the supplier's site for a variety of reasons, such as delays in business and delays in civil engineering, at the time of sending them to the customer's operation site. In this study, the intermediate storage process for finding and solving problems related to intermediate storage was presented focusing on the Rolling Stock of Railway System by reference to ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015. A suitable intermediate storage process based on the developed product or system's characteristics will allow the verified products or systems to be placed on the customer's operation site and to meet the customer's product or system requirements.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.20
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• pp.135-146
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to highlight the importance of customer experience relating to servitization of manufacturing and to develop an index to analyze customer experience management. It occurred that customer experience management analysis should perform in diverse dimensions to get higher customer satisfaction. Following to this idea, new idex is designed : CEMC(Customer Experience Management Competency scale). CEMC includes three parties which are internal expert, external expert and customer, as evaluators of the appraisal. Each evaluator participates in the inspection about customer experience management through a questionnaire which composed four sections : Product and service, Business process, Culture and Asset. Researchers apply this index to one small manufacturing business and analyze the state of customer experience management. The result would be a reference for building strategy and align inside organization.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.635-650
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• 2010

We model surrender rates with a few explanatory variables such as the difference between reference marke rates and product crediting rates, the policy age since the contract was issued, unemployment rates, economy growth rates, and seasonal effects using logit function. We investigate the policy holder surrender behaviors of US single premium deferred annuities(SPDA) and Korean interest indexed annuities under extreme financial conditions.