• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.17.1-17.6
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• 2015

The present study investigated the nutritional and economic suitability of cashew reject meal (full fat and defatted) as replacement for groundnut cake (GNC) in the diets of laying chickens. A total of eighty four brown shavers at 25 weeks of age were randomly allotted into seven dietary treatments each containing 6 replicates of 2 birds each. The seven diets prepared included diet 1, a control with GNC at $220gkg^{-1}$ as main protein source in the diet. Diets 2, 3 and 4 consist of gradual replacement of GNC with defatted cashew reject meal (DCRM) at 50%, 75% and 100% on weight for weight basis respectively while diets 5, 6 and 7 consist of gradual inclusion of full fat cashew reject meal (FCRM) to replace 25%, 35% and 50% of GNC protein respectively. Each group was allotted a diet in a completely randomized design in a study that lasted eight weeks during which records of the chemical constituent of the test ingredients, performance characteristics, egg quality traits and economic indicators were measured. Results showed that the crude protein were 22.10 and 35.4% for FCRM and DCRM respectively. Gross energy of DCRM was 5035 kcal/kg compared to GNC, 4752 kcal/kg. Result of aflatoxin $B_1$ revealed moderate level between 10 and $17{\mu}g/Kg$ in DCRM and GNC samples respectively. Birds on control gained 10 g, while those on DCRM and FCRM gained about 35 g and 120 g respectively. Feed intake declined (P < 0.05) with increased level of FCRM. Hen day production was highest in birds fed DCRM, followed by control and lowest value (P < 0.05) was recorded for FCRM. No significant change (P > 0.05) was observed for egg weight and shell thickness. Fat deposition and cholesterol content increased (P > 0.05) with increasing level of FCRM. The cost of feed per kilogram decreased gradually with increased inclusion level of CRM. The prediction equation showed the relative worth of DCRM compared to GNC was 92.3% whereas the actual market price of GNC triples that of DCRM. It was recommended that GNC could be completely replaced by DCRM in layer's diets in regions where this by product is abundant. However, FCRM should be cautiously used in diets of laying chickens.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2017

Interior design especially the design developments for commercial spaces should ensure the economy of spaces. This is the marketing for space. It is necessary to understand the design elements of commercial space for the efficient using of digital media of space marketing. In this research decided to design application schemes for shopping mall by searching fashion shopping behaviors of users with persona-base scenario approach. Collected the information of users behavior base on case analysis of advance research to make personas. And develop scenario base personas for knowing the needs of users. And then made 4 schemes as the solution. Scheme 1. Customers can get the information and communication with the staff through with media screen in one room of shopping mall. The data of customers can be recorded for providing information or product recommendation personality. Forecast to preferred by group trip or customers that don't like walking around in shopping mall. Scheme 2. Install a media screen at entrance of a store in shopping mall and show special effect to raise customers' attention who walk through from the front of the store. Through with this customers will stay for long time and raise curiosity to get in the store. And the media screen also provide information of store and products. Scheme 3. Customers can get the information of products with using smart phone to scan QR cord in labels of products and record. Customers can finish whole shopping behaviors without the help of store staff. And can make buying decision even have left shopping mall as a online mode. Scheme 4. Store managers can record the products and the environment of store with 360 camera and update to website. Then customers can browse the virtual space with VR glasses. That make customers can have the real shopping experience without being in the store. In this study, have presented schemes of digital media in commercial space. But there are various of commercial space. In this study was presented schemes for shopping mall by searching fashion shopping behaviors of users. And look forward the researches about specific space setting and other type of commercial space for space development.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.214-222
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• 2013

This study investigated the relationships between sensory processing patterns and pain catastrophizing levels in well older adults to provide basic information for rehabilitation intervention. The participants of this study were 216 older adults aged over 65. The Adolescent/Adults Sensory Profile(AASP) was used to measure sensory processing patterns and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale(PCS) was employed to evaluate psychological variables of the pain. Self perception of the pain was measured with the Numerical Rating Scale(NRS). Gender and age differences were analyzed with t-test and relationships among sensory processing patterns, pain catastrophizing and pain symptom levels were analyzed with Pearson product-moment coefficients of correlation. Women had higher 'sensory sensitivity' and 'sensory avoiding.' The group over 75 years old had higher 'sensory avoiding,' 'low registration' and 'sensory seeking.' Women had higher pain catastrophizing and pain symptom levels. Negative correlations between 'rumination' and 'low registration' and 'helplessness' and 'sensory seeking' were found. Positive correlations were found between pain catastrophizing and pain symptom levels when they were 'sensory sensitivity' and 'sensory avoiding.' The results infer that sensory processing patterns are associated with psychological variables of the pain and there are differences based on gender and age. Further studies are warranted to support the results.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1980

The research was conducted to study the feeding value of crude soylecithin produced as by-products of soybean oil manufacturing in broiler ration. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The chemical composition, mineral composition, Vitamine contents and gross energy values of crude soy-lecithin were determined 2. No significant difference was observed for the body weight gain of broiler between control and lecithin groups of 3%, 6%, 9o/e and 12% addition. 3. Significant difference (P＜0.05) was observed for feed intake lecithin 12% composed with lecithin 6% and 9% group, However, no significant difference was found among control, lecithin 3%, 6%, and 9% groups. 4. No significant difference was found for feed conversion between treatments. However, the lowest figure 2.32 for lecithin 9% treatments, followed by 2.40 of lecithin 6% and 2.41 of lecithin 3% orderly. 5. The composition of moisture, crude protein and ether extract in broiler carcas ranged from 71.2 to 72.15%, from 15.93 to 16.45% and from 6.19 to 7.05% respectively. 6. The weight of abdominal fat and live fat in broiler caress ranged from 42.4 to 63.7 gm, and from 2.2 to 2.4gm respectively. difference between abdominal and live fat weight was showing in significant statistically. 7. The present data reveal that soy-lecithin as by-product of soybean oil manufacturing was valuable energy source.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2018

This study was performed to examine the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of the sponge cakes containing different concentrations (2-10%, w/w) of aronia powder (AP). The specific gravity of the dough and the baking loss rate were significantly increased with higher AP content. The specific volume, height, volume index, and pH were significantly decreased with the increase in AP. The lightness and redness values increased, while the yellowness values decreased with increasing amounts of AP. Textural characteristics, such as hardness, gumminess, and chewiness significantly increased on addition of AP. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the cakes increased significantly with the increase in concentration of AP. In sensory evaluation, the group with cakes containing AP at 2% concentration was ranked higher than other cakes with respect to all parameters, except for color. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that sponge cakes prepared with 2% AP is the most suitable product, based on its sensory characteristics and antioxidant activities.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.512-517
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• 2010

This study was conducted to the evaluate nutritional value of corn taffy residue (CTR), a by-product from Korean traditional taffy, and to investigate the dietary effect of CTR on the yield and composition of milk from dairy cows. Relatively high concentrations of residual enzymes and sugars were found in CTR. Protein and fat concentrations were high, comparable to those of corn gluten meal. Inclusion of 1, 3, and 6% CTR in total mixed rations yielded more milk (p<0.05) than in the control group, and increased milk fat (p<0.05) in high-producing cows (approximately 30 kg). In low-producing cows, (approximately 20 kg), milk yield was increased by 1 and 6% CTR, and milk protein was enhanced by 3% CTR (p<0.05). Based on these results, utilization of CTR is recommended for production of high quality and economical animal products.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.5227-5237
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• 2011

Technology roadmap is a powerful tool that considers relationships of technology, product and market and referred as a supporting technology strategy and planning. There are numerous studies that have attempted to develop technology roadmap and case studies on specific technology areas. However, a number of studies have been dependant on brainstorming and discussion of expert group, delphi technique as qualitative analysis rather than systemic and quantitative analysis. To overcome the limitation, patent analysis considered as quite quantitative analysis is employed in this paper. Therefore, this paper proposes new technology roadmapping based on patent citation network considering technology life cycle and suggests planning for undeveloped technology but considered as promising. At first, patent data and citation information are collected and patent citation network is developed on the basis of collected patent information. Secondly, we investigate a stage of technology in the life cycle by considering patent application year and the technology life cycle, and duration of technology development is estimated. In addition, subsequent technologies are grouped as nodes of a super-level technology to show the evolution of the technology for the period. Finally, a technology roadmap is drawn by linking these technology nodes in a technology layer and estimating the duration of development time. Based on technology roadmap, technology planning is conducted to identify undeveloped technology through text mining and this paper suggests characteristics of technology that needs to be developed in the future. In order to illustrate the process of the proposed approach, technology for hydrogen storage is selected in this paper.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-86
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• 2002

The number of people who perform their banking business on Internet has been increasing drastically during the recent period and the trend still continues. Banks and other types of financial institutions are now competing intensely with each other in attracting customers to this new innovative banking service. The marketers in charge of formulating and implementing the strategies for this new banking business need to understand the behavioral factors as well as the technical factors in order to succeed in attracting more customers to this new service. products. A deep understanding as to why and how the customers are adopting the new service developed on information technology is a prerequisite for a successful marketing effort. The purpose of this dissertation is to find out what factors are playing important roles in the customers'decision related to the adoption of the Internet banking services. The focus of the research is threefold. First. by testing the hypotheses proposed by the Technology Adoption Model, a well-known theory in the IT-related behavioral science, an analysis was made as to which factors are more important in affecting the attitudes and adoption of the Internet banking on the part of customers. Secondly, an analysis was made as to whether the three criteria of the Technographics- -the attitude toward new technology, level of income, and the motivational factor- -are useful as the criteria for segmenting the Korean users of the online banking. Thirdly, an analysis was made as to whether each customer group segmented by the criteria of the Technographics reveal a differential decision process and thus requires a differential approach strategywise.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.6
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• pp.747-755
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• 2001

This study was analyzed the destination image and tests of image value of forest region festival by segmenting the market. A field survey was conducted during the Acasia-Honey Festival days in Chilgok, the famous acasia-honey products place, from May 12-15, 2001. In this study, 20 image items on five-point Likert scale were examined through factor analysis using a sample of 394 visitors. Four factors were identified as follows : environment, behavior-facilities, festival programs, and products. The author observed if there were statistically significant differences of destination images between the first-time and the repeat visitors, between residents and non-residents, and between purchasers and non-purchasers of acasia-honey products. The results indicated that repeat visitors and residents group had a more positive image of behavior factor such as hospitality and information for festival. And, the author found that purchasers of acasia-honey products had more positive image of product as well as environment factor such as special atmosphere, nostalgia, natural attractions, local culture, and novelty. For these results, it is possible to conclude that local government must effectively provide the festival visitors with well-defined information such as festival contents and schedule, also, develop the programs involved unique attributes of forest region festival to improve festival image.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.684-689
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• 2021

In this paper, we develop a cost effective and disposable voltammetric sensing platform involving screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with the nanocomposites composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, polyelectrolyte, and tyrosinase for bisphenol A. This is known as an endocrine disruptor which is also related to chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular and female reproductive diseases, precocious puberty, and infertility. A negatively charged oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) wrapped with a positively charged polyelectrolyte, e.g., polydiallyldimethylammonium, was first wrapped with a negatively charged tyrosinae layer via electrostatic interaction and assembled onto oxygen plasma treated SPCE. The nanocomposite modified SPCE was then immersed into different concentrations of bisphenol A for a given time where the tyrosinase reacted with OH group in the bisphenol A to produce the product, 4,4'-isopropylidenebis(1,2-benzoquinone). Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetries at the potential of -0.08 V vs. Ag/AgCl was employed and peak current changes responsible to the reduction of 4,4'-isopropylidenebis(1,2-benzoquinone) were measured which linearly increased with respect to the bisphenol A concentration. In addition, the SPCE based sensor showed excellent selectivity toward an interferent agent, bisphenol S, which has a very similar structure. Finally, the sensor was applied to the analysis of bisphenol A present in an environmental sample solution prepared in our laboratory.