• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.591-600
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• 2015

SLA (Service Level Agreement) is an essential factor that must be guaranteed to provide a reliable and consistent service to user in cloud computing environment. Especially, a contract between user and service provider with SLA is important in an environment using a cloud service brokerage. The cloud computing is classified into IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS according to IT resources of the various cloud service. The existing SLA is difficult to reflect the quality factors of service, because it only considers factors about the physical Network environment and have no methodological approach. In this paper, we suggested a method to specify the quality characteristics of software and proposed a mechanism and structure that can exchange SLA specification between the service provider and consumer. We defined a meta-model for the SLA specification in the SaaS level, and quality requirements of the SaaS were described by the proposed specification language. Through case studies, we verified proposed specification language that can present a variety of software quality factors. By using the UDDI-based mediation process and architecture to interchange this specification, it is stored in the repository of quality specifications and exchanged during service binding time.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.156-162
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• 2014

This study aims to develop a rapidly hardening type of concrete to achieve the removal of form intensity (more than 10MPa) using the method of curing at room temperature in order to solve some economic environmental problems by omitting the steam curing process involved in producing PC (Precast Concrete). Therefore, this study evaluated a rapidly hardening cement containing a high amunt of C3S, which is very responsive in expressing early intensity, and a rapidly hardening type of concrete which uses some hardening accelerator to increase thehydration reaction of $C_3S$. The results of the experiment on concrete using some hardening accelerator are asfollows. In the slump flow experiment for identifying the liquidity and the air test, the desired values were met. The compression strength showed rapid expression response by 12 hours, and met the desired value within 6~9 hours. Its drying shrinkage value and Autogenous shrinkage value were measured as below ($-754.5{\times}10^{-6}$),and satisfied the requirements. In addition, in the Semi-Adiabatic Temperature Test, it was found that the concrete rose to its peak temperature within 24 hours and then its temperature dropped.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2017

Purpose Recently, there has been increasing demands for clinical departments at Asan Medical center in Seoul. They want to see the results of lab tests about blood samples as soon as possible and to be reported to them on the day. As the main contents of the survey, we explained the goodness of Asan medical center's in vitro and the points to be improved. Based on this, it became an opportunity to create a positive image of In vitro laboratory. In addition, we could identify their specific requirements through the surveys. Materials and Methods In September 2016, a total of 14 questionnaire surveys were conducted for 49 clinical departments and outpatient nurses at Asan Medical center in Seoul. The survey consists of description questions to be able to express the intention of the individual and the questions made on the Likert 4 point scale. The main contents of 14 questions are composed of goodness of In Vitro laboratory and points to be improved. Results 62% answered that the best service in In Vitro laboratory was "good accuracy and reproducibility". On the other hand, as an inconvenience when requesting blood tests, 73% pointed out that "the result report time was long", which was recognized as a part to be improved. There are many contents that "The result of all tests is reported within 2 hours" on the day of the examination. In the question - 'Are there some examination results which do not coincide well with clinical observations?', 55 of 56 people answered "no". Above all, the majority answered that waiting for re-examination results is too long. This problem must be causing discomfort to the patients. Conclusion In order to improve these problems, the first thing is to increase the number of blood tests by using the current personnel, equipments and reagents to the fullest by item in Asan Medical Center's Nuclear medicine in vitro part. Secondly, in case of re-examinations, we use the "AMIS message" to show other clinical departments the reporting time. This methode improves the efficiency of work with nurses and increases satisfaction of custom service. Thirdly, the correlation was evaluated by selecting the test species that can be carried out by the shortening method. Currently, C-peptide and insulin are implemented in the reaction process to shorten 2 hours into 1 hour. Finally, we are considering purchasing new equipments for quick test results.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for the quantification of diazepam residues in fishery products, using liquid and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS). The sample utilized in the study was extracted from the fish sample (crucian carp) using 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. For the utilization of the purification process, the dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) was used for LC-MS/MS, dSPE and SPE was used for GC-MS/MS, respectively. To be sure, the standard calibration curves showed a good linearity as the noted correlation coefficients, $r^2$ was > 0.99. The average recoveries for accuracy ranged in 99.8~124% for the samples which were fortified at three different levels (0.001, 0.002 and 0.010 mg/kg). The correlation coefficient for the precision effect was measured at a range of 4.01~11.8%. The limit of detection (LOD) for the diazepam analysis was 0.0004 mg/kg, and the limit of the quantification (LOQ) was 0.001 mg/kg. The proposed analytical method was characterized with a high accuracy and acceptable sensitivity to meet the established Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC/GL71-2009) guideline requirements. We therefore established the optimal analysis method for the determination of diazepam in the fishery products using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. It would be applicable to analyze the diazepam residues in fishery products in further studies on this subject.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2015

Purpose - The ICT market in the EU is lagging behind that of the US; however, algorithm and software development within the EU have grown steadily, and they involve focusing on the creative cultural convergence conceptualized as part of Horizon 2020 and connecting neighboring markets in the EE and the Mediterranean region. It is essential to study the requirements to market the EU's creative ICT development in emerging industrial countries after examining its applicability in these countries. Research design, data, and methodology - This study deals with data pertaining to the EU's creative industry and competitive edge. The global cultural expansion of the EU facilitates a new concept involving not only low-cost IT products to enhance local cultural artifacts through R&D and the construction of efficient infrastructure services, but also information exchange with a realistic commercialization of the technology that can be applied for creative cultural localization. In the European industry, research on algorithms has been applied for the benefit of consumers. We investigated how the process is conducted in the EU. Results - Europe needs to adjust its economic structure to the local culture as part of IT distribution convergence. The convergence has been converted into a production algorithm with IT in the form of low-cost production. This is because there is an attempt to improve the quality of transport infrastructure, workforce availability, and the distribution of the distance to the local industries and consumers, using IT algorithms. Integrated into the manufacturing industry, based on the ICT infrastructure and solutions, smart localized regional clusters are formed with the help of grafting. Europe has own strategy to increase the number of hub-and-spoke cities. Europe is now becoming integrated, with an EPC system for regional cooperation rather than national competition in ICT technology. Europe has also been recognized in this study as changing the step-by-step paradigm for global competitiveness through new creative culture industries. Conclusions - As a result, there are several ways of converging with others through EU R&D intensity; therefore, the EU can be seen as successfully increasing marginal value, which is useful in developing a special industrial cluster or local cultural cities that create converged development by connecting people and objects with IT. In fact, when compared to the US, Europe has a strong culture and the car industries have a tendency to overshadow the IT industries with integration of services in IT distribution. Considering the rapid environmental changes, the convergence of IT services is likely to take place in Europe, similar to the pharmaceutical industry and the automotive industry. This requires a focus on human resources and automated systems management. The trend is to move away from low-wage industries, switched to key personnel centers of the local university-industry. EU emphasizes the creation of IT market demand in Europe involving local cultural convergence for marketing as the second step to strengthen the economic hub-and-spoke areas.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.31-40
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• 2009

What are important in wireless sensor networks are reliable data transmission, energy efficiency of each node, and the maximization of network life through the distribution of load among the nodes. The present study proposed DSPR, a dynamic unique path routing machanism that considered these requirements in wireless sensor networks. In DSPR, data is transmitted through a dynamic unique path, which has the least cost calculated with the number of hops from each node to the sink, and the average remaining energy. At that time, each node monitors its transmission process and if a node detects route damage it changes the route dynamically, referring to the cost table, and by doing so, it enhances the reliability of the network and distributes energy consumption evenly among the nodes. In addition, when the network topology is changed, only the part related to the change is restructured dynamically instead of restructuring the entire network, and the life of the network is extended by inhibiting unnecessary energy consumption in each node as much as possible. In the results of our experiment, the proposed DSPR increased network life by minimizing energy consumption of the nodes and improved the reliability and energy efficiency of the network.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.10
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• pp.383-392
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• 2014

The research for coatings is one of the most popular and active research in the polymer industry. For the coatings, electronics industry, medical and optical fields are growing more important. In particular, the trend is the increasing of the technical requirements for the performance and accuracy of the coatings by the development of automotive and electronic parts. In addition, the industry has a need of more intelligent and automated system in the industry is increasing by introduction of the IoT and big data analysis based on the environmental information and the context information. In this paper, we propose an optimization model for the design of experiments based coating formulation data objects using the Internet technologies and big data analytics. In this paper, the coating formulation was calculated based on the best data analysis is based on the experimental design, modify the operator with respect to the error caused based on the coating formulation used in the actual production site data and the corrected result data. Further optimization model to correct the reference value by leveraging big data analysis and Internet of things technology only existing coating formulation is applied as the reference data using a manufacturing environment and context information retrieval in color and quality, the most important factor in maintaining and was derived. Based on data obtained from an experiment and analysis is improving the accuracy of the combination data and making it possible to give a LOT shorter working hours per data. Also the data shortens the production time due to the reduction in the delivery time per treatment and It can contribute to cost reduction or the like defect rate reduced. Further, it is possible to obtain a standard data in the manufacturing process for the various models.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-158
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• 1999

Remote sensing technique has offered better understanding of our environment for the decades by providing useful level of information on the landcover. In many applications using the remotely sensed data, digital image processing methodology has been usefully employed to characterize the features in the data and develop the models. Random field models, especially Markov Random Field (MRF) models exploiting spatial relationships, are successfully utilized in many problems such as texture modeling, region labeling and so on. Usually, remotely sensed imagery are very large in nature and the data increase greatly in the problem requiring temporal data over time period. The time required to process increasing larger images is not linear. In this study, the methodology to reduce the computational cost is investigated in the utilization of the Markov Random Field. For this, multiresolution framework is explored which provides convenient and efficient structures for the transition between the local and global features. The computational requirements for parameter estimation of the MRF model also become excessive as image size increases. A Bayesian approach is investigated as an alternative estimation method to reduce the computational burden in estimation of the parameters of large images.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.350-355
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• 2019

For the success of complete denture, three essential requirements such as retention, stability and support are needed. Moreover, due to the absorption of residual ridge and scarring due to the surgery, when making a complete denture, which is difficult to form the mandibular lingual margins, various considerations such as the arrangement of the Non-anatomical dl non-anatomical teeth, the polished surface impression, the internally weighted metal framework and the use of the denture adhesive cream are necessary. In this case report, the patient has a severely resorbed edentulous ridge from severe periodontitis and has some soft tissue problems after the glossectomy due to tongue cancer. To obtain additional retention and stability, some trials such as polished surface impression taking, internally weighted metal insertion and minimal pressure impression were done for the better result. Moreover To make a metal framework that precisely shapes the desired three-dimensional shape and reduces the complicated process, minimal pressure impression method and direct metal laser sintering technique were used.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.93-116
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• 2009

As the popularity of logistics service outsourcing has been continuously growing, one of the most frequently addressed issues is how to estimate the effect of cost reduction for users and profit gains from outsourcing contract for providers. Many manufacturing companies agree that logistics outsourcing helps to reduce their operating costs, but some other companies still do not achieve the cost saving or do not trust logistics service providers, so they keep up in-house logistics operations. On the other hand, logistics service providers have low profitability from domestic business activities since they should meet the requirements for highly customized and diverse services from customers and unstable market situation. This study provided the status report dealing with logistics service contracts in Korea. From the focused group interview with logistics professionals, we found out that service scope, scale and cost structure are the most influential factors affecting logistics service contracts. Also, logistics service providers are more sensitive than users regarding value-added logistics service, contract duration and process. Moreover, this study also proposed the standard clauses for logistics service contract and types of logistics contract applied in current logistics fields. As a result, it is expected that these achievements from this study can be utilized to improve the satisfaction of logistics outsourcing in upgrading service quality and customer service level.