• 환경영향평가
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-31
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• 1997

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is an assessment process integrated with policy and planning processes considering environmental impacts, not at the level of individual project, but at higher level of policy and plan. Presently, two systems for the SEA are being implemented in Korea. One is "the consultation of environmental investigation into a change in national land utilization", which is to be pre-discussed with the head of the related central administrative organizations, based on the respective individual code. The other is "the consultation of environmental investigation into an administrative plan and project", which is to be pre-discussed with the minister of the environments for the administrative plan. However, these two systems are not integrated procedures with the planning process. In other words, there is a separate post-environmental assessment after planning. Also concrete proposal is not yet prepared for the method and procedure of environmental investigation about details of the planning. Therefore, they do not playa role in taking precautions for environmentally sustainable development. In this study, for the effective environmental investigation at the level of planning, environmental assessment model to be integrated with urban comprehensive plans was developed. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, based on the analysis of systematic problems in environmental investigation of this country, the study compared and analysed the SEA method of foreign countries. derived the potential limitations in its applications to this country. Also, the new method in this study, is integrated into planning process by improving the limitations. Thus, we developed the SEA model for this country, which consists of seven steps ; Phase 1; establishing a work program, Phase 2; defining the scop. of the SEA, Phase 3; analyzing an existing environmental situation, Phase 4; examining the consistency with environmental policy, Phase 5; appraising and synthesizing the plan content, Phase 6; proposing recommendations, Phase 7; monitoring and feedback. Second, the two types of application program of the developed assessment model were proposed. One is to integrate this model into planning process, and the other is for the institute and ministry of environments to implement SEA after planning. An aim of this study was developing an environmental assessment model at the planning level which was not yet established in this country and was to apply the model to urban comprehensive plan for inspection. This research will make the effective operation of environmental investigation system possible at the planning level in this country and contribute to the environmental protection at the global level.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2023

The relationship between near misses and major accidents can be confirmed using the ratios proposed by Heinrich and Bird. Systematic reviews of previous national and international studies did not reveal the assessment process used in near-miss management systems. In this study, a model was developed for assessing near misses and major factors were derived through case application. By reviewing national and international literature, 14 factors were selected for each dimension of the P2T (people, procedure, technology) model. To identify the causal relationship between accidents and these factors, a near-miss assessment model was developed using a Bayesian network. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to derive the major factors. To verify the validity of the model, near-miss data obtained from the ethylene production process were applied. As a result, "PE2 (education)," "PR1 (procedure)," and "TE1 (equipment and facility not installed)" were derived as the major factors causing near misses in this process. If actual workplace data are applied to the near-miss assessment model developed in this study, results that are unique to the workplace can be confirmed. In addition, scientific safety management is possible only when priority is given through sensitivity analysis.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2010

Ecological risk assessment (ERA) has been used to establish environmental quality standards or evaluate ecological risk in site-specific areas. The scope of ERA was expanded based on regions, and the concept of regional-scale ecological risk assessment was recently introduced in developed countries. In the present study, regional ERA approaches of relative risk model (RRM), contaminants in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems (CATS) model, and procedure for ecological tired assessment of risks (PETAR) in advanced countries were extensively investigated. Regional ERA was compared with traditional ERA process. Stressors, receptor and response in traditional ERA were replaced with sources of stressors, habitats, and ecological impacts, respectively in regional ERA. This study introduces the concept and assessment process of regional ERA, and provides a wide perspective how the relative ERA could be applied in Korean ecosystem.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.545-557
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• 2012

Dental caries is biofilm induced disease throughout life and is recognized significant oral health problem. This article reviewed new trends in dental caries management by risk assessment, including history, protocol/guideline, and collaborated model. Dental caries prevention and treatment according to caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) model is patient-centered, risk-based, evidence-based practice. Team approach is necessary and clinician need to integrate science, practice and product. Dental hygienist take a important role in implementing CAMBRA. CAMBRA model could be incorporated into clinical dental hygiene education based on dental hygiene process of care as standard of dental hygiene practice and education. Dentist and dental hygienist able to provide scientific and ethical care managing dental caries by risk assessment.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2005

The dental hygiene process of care is a model for providing integrated dental hygiene care. It was developed by Mueller-Joseph and Petersen in 1995. The purpose of the dental hygiene process is to provide a framework within which the individualized needs of the client can be met. This model enables the dental hygienist to focus on patient need. The process is composed of five components: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. The process of dental hygiene has to move from simple clinical procedure to comprehensive and systemic dental hygiene care. The dental hygiene diagnostic model broadens the biomedical dental model to the behavioral model to include health behavior and health function of individuals. The dental hygiene process will provide a mechanism to develop dental hygienist's role and scope of practice in Korea.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.361-378
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• 2021

While the pavement rating system is being utilized for periodic road condition assessment in the Eastern Region municipality of Saudi Arabia, the condition assessment is costly, time-consuming, and not comprehensive as only few parts of the road are randomly selected for the assessment. Thus, this study is aimed at developing a condition assessment model for a specific sample of a residential road network in Dammam City based on an individual road and a road network. The model was developed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) according to the defect types and their levels of severity. The defects were arranged according to four categories: structure, construction, environmental, and miscellaneous, which was adopted from sewer condition coding systems. The developed model was validated by municipality experts and was adjudged to be acceptable and more economical compared to results from the Eastern region municipality (Saudi Arabia) model. The outcome of this paper can assist with the allocation of the government's budget for maintenance and capital programs across all Saudi municipalities through maintaining road infrastructure assets at the required level of services.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2009

본 논문은 무기체계 임베디드 소프트웨어 프로세스 평가모델(이하 'MND-EAPAM')의 국방사업 특성화 방안을 제시한다. 2008년, 무기체계 임베디드 소프트웨어 프로세스 평가의 기준이 되는 무기체계 임베디드 소프트웨어 프로세스 평가모델을 개발하였지만, 국방분야에 대한 특성 반영이 미흡하였다. 이에 따라 국내 방위산업체의 소프트웨어 프로세스 관리 실태를 조사 분석하고, CMMI 인증을 획득한 방위산업체에 MND-ESPAM을 시범적용하여, MND-ESPAM의 문제점을 도출 및 분석하였다. 도출된 문제점을 개선하기 위하여, MND-EAPAM과 방위사업청 소프트웨어 개발프로세스 지침 간 연계가 가능하고, 국방시험성숙도모델(MND-TMM)의 체계적 반영으로 시험활동을 강화하며, 유사 프로세스 영역을 식별, 통합하는 MND-ESPAM의 개선안을 제시한다. 개선안은 CMMI와의 커버리지 검증, ISO/IEC 14598-3의 요구사항에 의한 시험활동 평가, 방위산업체 시범적용을 통하여 검증을 실시하였다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.163-182
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• 1998

Performance assessment is one of the authentic assessment method that are consistent with new curriculum goal, concentrated on the process rather than the results of problem solving. But the key to good assessment is matching the assessment task to intended objectives. Based on the review of literatures, the current performance assessment task was critically analysed. As a result, this study developed appropriate model and criteria of performance assessment task to elementary mathematics.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.725-735
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to propose an Integrated Safety Evaluation Process (ISEP) that can enhances the safety aspect of the safety-critical system. This process utilizes the advantages of the iterative Systems Engineering process combined with the safety assessment process that is commonly and well defined in many standards and/or guidelines for railway, aerospace, and other safety-critical systems. Methods: The proposed process model is based on the predefined system lifecycle, in each phase of which the appropriate safety assessment activities and the safety data are identified. The interfaces between Systems Engineering process and the safety assessment process are identified before the two processes are integrated. For the integration, the elements at lower level of Systems Engineering process are combined with the relevant elements of safety assessment process. This combined process model is represented as Enhanced Functional Flow Block Diagram (EFFBD) by using CORE(R) that is commercial modelling tool. Results: The proposed model is applied to the lifecycle and management process of the United States aircraft system. The US aircraft systems engineering process are composed of twelve key elements, among which the requirements management, functional analysis, and Synthesis processes are considered for examplenary application of the proposed process. To synchronize the Systems Engineering process and the safety assessment process, the Systems Engineering milestones are utilized, where the US aircraft system has thirteen milestones. Taking into account of the nine steps in the maturity level, the integrated process models are proposed in some phases of lifecycle. The flows of processes are simulated using CORE(R), confirming the flows are timelined without any conflict between the Systems Engineering process and the safety assessment process. Conclusion: ISEP allows the timeline analysis for identifying activity and data flows. Also, the use of CORE(R) is shown to be effective in the management and change of process data, which helps for the ISEP to apply for the development of safety critical system. In this study, only the first few phases of lifecyle are considered, however, the implementation through operation phases can be revised by combining the elements of safety activities regarding those phases.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제10D권4호
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• pp.719-726
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• 2003

대표적인 소프트웨어 프로세스 심사 모델로서 ISO/IEC 15504(일명 SPICE)와 CMM은 숙련된 전문 심사원을 통하여 소프트웨어 프로세스의 능력수준을 결정한다. 그러나 이들 모델들은 프로세스 측정을 위한 체계적인 메트릭스를 제공하지 않으므로 심사원은 심사대상 프로세스의 정량적인 수준 측정을 위하여 주관적인 판단을 통해 프로세스를 평가해 오고 있다. 본 논문에서는 프로세스의 정량적이고 객관적인 측정을 위하여 기초 품질 메트릭스를 정의하고 CMM과 ISO/IEC 15504에서 정의한 프로세스 분야에 대한 표준 메트릭스를 제안한다. 또한 표준 메트릭스를 조직에 적용하기 위한 프로세스 측정 절차와 가이드라인을 제시한다. 이를 통해서 조직 내의 프로세스에 대한 객관적 평가와 수준을 결정할 수 있으며 향후 개선을 위한 관리가 용이하다.