• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.309-326
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• 2021

In near-ring theory several different types of primitivity exist. These all imply several different types of primeness. In case of near-rings with DCCN most of the types of primeness are known to imply primitivity of a certain kind. We are able to show that also so called 1-prime near-rings imply 1-primitivity. This enables us to classify maximal ideals in near-rings with chain condition with the concept of 1-primeness which leads to further results in the structure theory of near-rings.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1970

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

In [5], Johnson introduced the primitivity of subgroups and proved that a finite group G is supersolvable if every primitive subgroup of G has a prime power index in G. In that paper, he also posed an interesting problem: what a group looks like if all of its primitive subgroups are maximal. In this note, we give the detail structure of such groups in solvable case. Finally, we use the primitivity of some subgroups to characterize T-group and the solvable $PST_0$-groups.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.515-520
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• 2002

Automatic Transfer Crane is needed for automation of container terminal. It requires the control capability of exact position for loading/unloading job in yard. But it has the limitation of improvement because it has the operational environmental and its structural problems. It has the positioning errors caused by the deformation of rail, yawing motion of crane, wear of wheel, sliding motion between wheel and rail and so on. This study shows the calibration method of crane position by using the primitivity sensor and calibrating plate fixed on the ground.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.49-63
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• 2007

In this study, we inquire into the general concepts of eroticism as it appears in literature and the arts, and use this as a foundation to meditate on the eroticism of attire throughout history. We also ascertained external forms based on the range of "The way we look" by Delong. In this way we inclusively studied both the content and form of modes of eroticism in the perspective of Brodsky's "linked solution." The original concept of eroticism is a technique by which one attains physical passion, referring to a nature which is deeply rooted in the cultural traditions, myths, habits. religion and arts of mankind, inducing expressions of sensual love. We integrated this eroticism in 4 categories: sensuality, which induces beauty; naturality, denoting idealization or rational beauty; primitivity, characterized by grotesque expressions or direct and natural sexual depictions; and symbolism by which sex is symbolically or mechanically projected. The concept of eroticism contains both positive and negative aspects, but rather than dealing with sex in a mechanical or perverted manner to express eroticism, it is more appropriate to guide the direction of modes of eroticism by stimulating the "desire to show" and the "desire to see" with the dialectic of obstruction and exposure as a figurative expression of true passion, and narcistic phenomena in which beauty is expressed through exaggeration or magnification and adhesion.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.337-347
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• 2020

Let R be a ring with unity, and let I be an ideal of R. Then R is called I-semiregular if for every a ∈ R there exists b ∈ R such that ab is an idempotent of R and a - aba ∈ I. In this paper, basic properties of I-semiregularity are investigated, and some equivalent conditions to the primitivity of e are observed for an idempotent e of an I-semiregular ring R such that I∩eR = (0). For an abelian regular ring R with the ascending chain condition on annihilators of idempotents of R, it is shown that R is isomorphic to a direct product of a finite number of division rings, as a consequence of the observations.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2020

A ring R is called generalized regular if for every nonzero x in R there exists y in R such that xy is a nonzero idempotent. In this paper, we observe some equivalent conditions for the generalized regular rings that are abelian in terms of idempotents, and we also investigate the primitivity of an idempotent for such a ring. By using the investigation, we characterize such a kind of rings that are noetherian by showing that an abelian generalized regular ring R is noetherian if and only if R is isomorphic to a direct product of finitely many division rings. We also observe some interesting consequences of our results.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.453-467
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• 2000

For any S-flat module RM(which will be called endoflat) with a commutaitve ring R with identity, where S is the endomorphism ring RM, the fact that every epimorphism is an automorphism has been proved and the Jacobson Radical Rad(S) of S is described as follow; Rad(S) = { f$\in$S｜Imf=Mf is small in M} = {f$\in$S｜Imf $\leq$Rad(M)}. Additionally for any quasi-injective endo-flat module RM, the fact that every monomorphism is an automorphism has been proved and the Jacobson Radical Rad(S) for any quasi-injective endo-flat module has been studied too. Also some equivalent conditions for the semi-primitivity of any faithful endo-flat module RM with the open Jacobson Radical Rad(M) and those for the semi-simplicity of any faithful endo-flat quasi-injective module RM with the closed Socle Soc(M) have been studied.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.173-184
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• 2000

The purposes of this study is for consideration of the flapper image through the culture and novels in Jazz Age(1919∼1929) of America. The back ground of flapper fashion was Jazz. Jazz was one of the cultural languages which expressed liveness, noise, salacity, harmony of primitivity, modernity, innocence and freedom. In processing American had gotten economic power, the Jazz Age had new mood which was combined materialism and realitism. Environmental changes of life styles and development of mass culture of modern big cities could aid the birth of modern girls, flappers. They became the main group of new consumer and mass culture in new consciousness and freedom with independence. Their characteristics are confirmed from Fitzgerald's novels, This Side of Paradise and The Great Gatsby. As the results of above, the consciousness of flapper were rebellious attitude, liberalism and actualism. The designs of flapper fashion were expressed by simplicity, functionality, nudity and rhythm. The flapper images are as follows: First, they expressed modern image as a rebellious attitude. Second, flapper had a sensual image of freedom through rhythmical and speedy expression. Third, premature image for pursuing youth could be found. Therefore the changes of culture and women's life styles are very important points for fashion studies and the connecting fashion and other fields like novels is needed also for it.