• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 1999

We have performed a series of tests on 3rd, and 4th graders to estimate their understandings of some mathematical concepts. We found some noticeable differences between 3rd and 4th graders on fractional concepts, logical classifications. But for spatial, sense age didn't help much. Lower graders need to work with concrete shapes to improve their spatial concepts. For the fractional concepts, they also need to deal with various problems before they move on to fractional operations. In general feed-back is important and the curriculum needs to be reconstructed to help this matter. We haven't found any significant age deceleration fur children to arrive at the abstract operating stage compared to Piagetian research.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2016

언플러그드 컴퓨터과학 활동은 카드, 실, 크래용 등 주변의 물건들을 사용하는 놀이와 퍼즐을 통하여 컴퓨터과학에 대하여 학습하는 활동의 모음이다. 기존의 언플러그드 활동은 알고리즘을 소개하고 실생활에 적용하는 것에 편중되어 문제 해결을 위하여 알고리즘을 적용하기 전에 이루어져야 할 자료의 표현 방법에 대한 활동은 상대적으로 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 초등학생들에게 그래프 이론의 기본 개념과 실생활에 적용할 수 있는 그래프 알고리즘을 소개하는 언플러그드 수업을 설계하고 수업을 실시한 후에 설문조사를 통하여 수준의 적절성과 수업 효과에 대하여 평가하였다. 설문 응답을 분석한 결과 모든 응답자가 본 연구에서 제시한 수업 내용이 초등학생에게 적합하다고 응답하였고 수업의 효과와 적절성에 대하여 긍정적인 응답을 보였다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.236-247
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• 2021

본 연구는 초등예비교사들의 성별, 고교재학 중 지구과학 이수여부가 계절변화 원인에 대한 개념영역, 개념이해 수준 및 오개념에 어떤 영향을 미치는 지를 알아본 연구로서 2021년 5월부터 11월까지 P교육대학교 초등예비교사 71명을 대상으로 수행되었다. 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초등예비교사들이 계절변화를 설명하는데 사용되는 개념영역은 성별에 따른 차이보다는 고교 재학 중 지구과학 이수여부에 따라서 더 큰 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 초등예비교사들의 계절변화에 대한 개념이해 수준은 성별에 따른 차이는 유의미하지 않았지만, 고교 재학 중 지구과학을 이수한 집단이 이수하지 않은 집단에 비해 개념이해 수준점수가 통계적으로 유의미하게 높게 나왔다. 셋째, 초등예비교사들의 계절변화와 관련한 오개념 소지 비율은 성별에 따른 차이는 유의미하지 않았지만, 고교 재학 중 지구과학을 이수하지 않은 집단이 이수한 집단에 비해 오개념 소지 비율이 통계적으로 유의미하게 높게 나왔다. 이상에서 살펴 본 결과 초등예비교사들의 계절변화에 대한 개념영역, 개념이해 수준, 오개념은 성별에 따른 차이보다는 고교 재학 중 지구과학 교과의 이수 여부에 따라 더 큰 영향을 받는다고 판단된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.72-83
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• 2000

This study purports to review traditional health concepts of Korea by age, and to compare them to health concepts defined in western societies. Furthermore the study offers these results as the basis of construction for Korean nursing theory. Literature for the review were traditional health books published in Korea. These books are Euibangyoochui, Hyangyakjibsungbang, Dongeuibogam, Eiyangpyun, Dongeuisoosebowon, & Hwangjaenaekyung. In addition, articles that studied traditional literature or Korean medical history were reviewed when no publication of a primary source was available. In ancient Korean society, health was viewed as a 'good relationship or harmony with a supernatural subject', 'harmony of earth, water, fire, and air', and a 'long life with no illness'. The treatment aspect of medicine was emphasized in the middle-aged society. The health concepts in the pre-modern society included such concepts as 'jeongkhibojeon', 'adjustment to the nature', 'harmony between yang and yin', 'strengthening of jeongkhishin', 'circulation of owoonyookchi', 'kyungjok mind-body state' and 'jeongshimjeonghang'. Major health concepts in western literature were 'adaptation', 'role performance', 'actualization of human potential', 'adaptation and actualization of potential', and 'comfort'. Traditional health concepts of Korea focus on principles. They deliver abstract meanings, which make their measures uneasy. They believe in holism and unity with nature and especially emphasize the mental aspect. On the other hand, health concepts of western societies focus on phenomena. Their meanings are somewhat concrete, which make their measurements relatively easy. They see a person adapts positively to the environment as an independent being from the environment. These concepts have biopsychosocial aspects with no partial emphasis in the mental aspects. These traditional concepts of health were classified into two main perspectives. One is the unity of heaven & man, and the other is the unity of mind and body. The former perspective is based on the main concept of Chi. The latter has the main concept of ruling of the mind. The two main concepts discussed above need further examination for development of a nursing theory for Korean society. The application of circulation of Chi needs balance and harmony, and the application of ruling of mind needs temperance.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2003

To reduce the construction cost and enhance the safety of sodium cooled liquid metal reactors, various kinds of new design concepts were evaluated using the KALIMER operation condition. The required equipment sizes were set for plant electricity output to be similar to that of KALIMER. The evaluations were made focusing on the plant performance and implementation practicality. Each design concept was evaluated for the concept itself and design impacts to interfacing systems. Through the evaluation of the concepts, it was found that the most favorable design concept is the integrated steam generator with forced convection using lead bismuth as the intermediate heat transfer fluid between the primary sodium tube and feed water/steam tube in the steam generator.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.223-234
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• 2003

Children interest themselves in all different toys they see, before beginning to speak. The psychological reasons for children′s interest in toys have been investigated for a long time. Thus many scientists have studied on the question "what is game？", but they have not reached a consensus yet. Such contradiction may be dependent upon different points of view of the researchers about game. Besides, the view of game of a child and an adult is different too. According to an adult game is a rebirth and escape from monotony. For child it is a work. The aim of this study is to make mathematics regarding a mass of abstract concepts for the students of grade 1-3 of primary school in the concrete operations period, more attractive with the help of educational and instructional games, and to contribute to student′s developing. The capability of thinking and producing by changing abstract concepts into concrete ones.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2001

Over the years, the benefits of instructional manipulatives in mathematics education have been verified by classroom practice and educational research. The purpose of this paper is to introduce how the instructional material, specifically, geoboard could be used and integrated in elementary mathematics classroom in order to develop student's mathematical concepts and process in terms of the following areas: (1) Number '||'&'||' Operation : counting, fraction '||'&'||' additio $n_traction/multiplication (2) Geometry : geometric concepts (3) Geometry : symmetry '||'&'||' motion (4) Measurement : area '||'&'||' perimeter (5) Probability '||'&'||' Statistics : table '||'&'||' graph (6) Pattern : finding patterns Further, future study will continue to foster how manipulatives will enhance children's mathematics knowledge and influence on their mathematics performance.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.333-351
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• 2009

We introduce the concepts of strongly prime fuzzy ideals, powerful fuzzy ideals, strongly primary fuzzy ideals, and pseudo-strongly prime fuzzy ideals of an integral domain R and we provide characterizations of pseudo-valuation domains, almost pseudo-valuation domains, and pseudo-almost valuation domains in terms of these fuzzy ideals.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.749-753
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• 2003

In this paper we introduce the concepts on retrievability, separability and connectedness of fuzzy submachines, which generalize those of crisp submachines. And also we generalize crisp primary submachines to those with fuzziness, from which we obtain the decomposition theorem of fuzzy submachines.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.75-90
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• 2009

There are concepts in calculus which are difficult to teach and learn. One of these concepts is integration. However, problem posing has not yet received the attention it deserves from the mathematics education community. There is no systematic study that deals with teaching of calculus concepts by problem posing oriented teaching strategy. In this respect this study investigated the effect of problem posing on students' (prospective teachers') academic success when problem posing oriented approach is used to teach the integral concept in Calculus-II (Mathematics-II) course to first grade prospective teachers who are enrolled to the Primary Science Teaching Program of Education Faculty. The study used intervention-posttest experimental design. Quantitative research techniques were employed to gather, analyze and interpret the data. The sample comprised 79 elementary prospective science teachers. The results indicate that problem posing approach effects academic success in a positive way and at significant level.