• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.435-442
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• 2011

In this study, to investigate the effects of herb aroma components, the BDI test was performed with the 124 students of the Youngdong University and the subjects whose score was 16 or higher were selected and allocated to the herb-extracted aroma-treated group and the non-treated group, 27 and 10 students for each group. The BDI and SDS tests were carried out at each stage (before and after the treatment, 10 days later and 30 days later). The result showed that the pre-treatment BDI test result was significantly different from all those of the post-treatment test, and the tests after 10 days and 30 days in the aroma-treated group. In the SDS test, the pre-treatment test result was significantly different from the results of the post-treatment test and the test after 10 days, while it was not significantly different from the result of the test after 30 days. Additionally, to verify whether the change within the group is larger than that by natural recovery or not, ANCOVA was performed with respect to the difference in the pre-treatment test score between the groups depending on whether the treatment was given or not, having the SDS pre-treatment score as the covariate, and the result showed that the post-treatment test scores were significantly different. Thus, it was verified that, if the SDS test score is considered as the depression indicator, the effect of aromatherapy was greater than the change by natural recovery. The difference in the post-treatment test score was analyzed depending on whether the treatment was given or not, having the BDI pre-treatment test score as the control variable, and the result showed that the post-treatment test scores were not significantly different. Based on such a theoretical verification, it is assumed that the nature-friendly treatment method using herb aroma components can be a great help in suppressing depression. Therefore, it is expected that herb aroma components can provide systematic therapeutic effect on the suppression of depression.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.551-560
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• 2012

The Wolsong-1 (W-1) Phase-B pre-simulations were carried out in preparation for tests to be conducted for the restart of the reactor after a major refurbishment project that included replacement of the pressure tube. These pre-simulations for Wolsong-1 Phase-B differ from those in the past that were performed for the Wolsong-1,2,3,4 tests in that these tests use the WIMS/DRAGON/RFSP-IST code suite for verification of the tests and gadolinium instead of the traditional PPV/MULTICELL/RFSP code system and boron as poison in the moderator system. The use of gadolinium is deemed not to have domestically accumulated experience gained from the previous Phase-B tests. Thus, it is appropriate to conduct a study in order to gain a correct understanding and interpretation of potential differences in test results stemming from using gadolinium rather than boron. Although the calibration of the reactivity device will not be noticeably different using boron and gadolinium at a constant moderator temperature, the temperature dependency of the neutronic behavior due to the presence of gadolinium in the moderator system might be pronounced. The results of the pre-simulations using gadolinium revealed that the moderator temperature reactivity coefficients indeed showed significant differences in comparison with those with boron. In order to secure the validity of the analysis results, the newly acquired WIMS/DRAGON/RFSP-IST code suite was verified against the W-2,3,4 Phase-B test results. The results of the new code suite verifications revealed some overall improvements in accuracy; justification of the use of the code can be claimed for the validation of the W-1 Phase-B test results.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1537-1544
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• 2022

When designing chip, it considers design specification, timing problem, and clock synchronization on place & route (P&R) process. P&R process is complicated because of considering various factors. Chip uses clock tree synthesis (CTS) to reduce clock path delay. The purpose of this study is to examine shallow-CTS algorithm for checking clock tree synthesizable. Using open source Parser-Verilog, register transfer level (RTL) synthesizable Verilog file is parsed and it uses Pre-CTS and Post-CTS process that is included shallow-CTS. Based on longest clock path in the Pre-CTS and Post-CTS stages, the standard deviation before and after buffer insertion is compared and analyzed for the accuracy of CTS. In this paper, It is expected that the cost and time problem could be reduced by providing a pre-clock tree synthesis verification method at the RTL level without confirming the CTS result using the time-consuming licensed EDA tool.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.349-360
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• 2023

This study aimed to develop, and evaluate the effectiveness of, a home economics dietary education program that could be used to improve high school students' sustainable dietary competencies. To achieve this goal, learning objectives and elements were selected for the education program to improve the students' sustainable dietary competency. The content validity of this program was verified with numerous experts. After implementing the new educational program, its effect on high school students' sustainable dietary competencies was assessed through pre- and post-tests. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, through the textbook analysis, the necessity of developing an educational program that can cultivate the three areas that constitute a sustainable diet (environment, health, and consideration) was confirmed. Second, a total of nine teaching and learning plans for sustainable dietary education programs were developed. From there, content validity verification was conducted by experts, indicating that the developed educational program was highly applicable in the field. Third, after the implementation, a survey was conducted based on a questionnaire consisting of 20 items related to three areas of sustainable diet, while the pre- and post-test assessment indicated statistically significant differences in all three areas: environment (pre: 3.40, post: 4.46, p<.001), health (pre: 3.15, post: 4.32, p<.001), and consideration (pre: 3.46, post: 4.48, p<.001). It is expected that the educational program developed in this study will be used as a basis for dietary education that fosters food citizenship in high school home economics courses.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.95-109
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• 2023

In the 4th industrial revolution, changes in the technological paradigm have had a direct impact on the maintenance system of ships. The 2-stroke low speed engine system integrates with the core equipment required for propulsive power. The Condition Based Management (CBM) is defined as a technology that predictive maintenance methods in existing calender-based or running time based maintenance systems by monitoring the condition of machinery and diagnosis/prognosis failures. In this study, we have established a framework for CBM technology development on our own, and are engaged in engineering-based failure analysis, data development and management, data feature analysis and pre-processing, and verified the reliability of failure mode DB using LSTM algorithms. We developed various simulated failure mode scenarios for 2-stroke low speed engine and researched to produce data on onshore basis test_beds. The analysis and pre-processing of normal and abnormal status data acquired through failure mode simulation experiment used various Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) techniques to feature extract not only data on the performance and efficiency of 2-stroke low speed engine but also key feature data using multivariate statistical analysis. In addition, by developing an LSTM classification algorithm, we tried to verify the reliability of various failure mode data with time-series characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.19-20
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• 2023

The pre-qualification system related to floor impact noise is considered ineffective, and thus, the introduction of a post-verification system is being prepared. This is because the performance, which was notarized in the qualification test due to various reasons, was not uniformly confirmed on building construction fields. Industry practitioners perceive that this is due to the influence of factors such as the flatness, levelness and/or thickness of the floor. However, it is very difficult to confirm such facts in a short period of time on the fields, and since the practical application of technology to measure and evaluate quantitatively and the establishment of a system are insufficient, it cannot be said to be a problem that can be brought to the surface. In fact, even when considering the conventional measurement of the dynamic modulus of elasticity, measurements are performed under controlled variables, such as placing a 200mm×200mm buffer material on a flat test-floor. However, in the fields, it is common to lay down larger productions(for example, 900mm×600mm) on the bare floor where significant variables are not controlled, and to construct finishing layers corresponding to the pre-qualified floor system without separately confirming the realization of the dynamic modulus of elasticity in the field conditions. In this study, spatial information of the bare floor on the field was measured and evaluated through a laser scanner. Technical methods for assessing the smoothness, flatness, and thickness of construction surfaces were reviewed, providing key insights for grading the quality of construction based on these criteria. Through further detailed and thorough investigations, it is expected that results suitable for practical application and systematization will be derived.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: This paper describes the successful discrimination of GM crops from the respective wild type (WT) controls using spectroscopy and chemometric analysis. Despite the many benefits that GM crops, their development has raised concerns, particularly about their potential negative effects on food production and the environment. From this point of view, the introduction of GM crops into the market requires the development of rapid and accurate identification technologies to ensure consumer safety. METHODS AND RESULTS: The development of a GM crop discrimination model using spectroscopy involved the pre-processing of the collected spectral information, the selection of a discriminant model, and the verification of errors. Examples of GM versus WT discrimination using spectroscopy are available for soybeans, tomatoes, corn, sugarcane, soybean oil, canola oil, rice, and wheat. Here, we found that not only discrimination but also cultivar grouping was possible. CONCLUSION: Since for the determination of GM crop there is no pre-defined pre-processing method or calibration model, it is extremely important to select the appropriate ones to increase the accuracy in a case-by-case basis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.484-490
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• 2012

In this paper, we design a digitally pre-distorted RF power amplifier operating in 900 MHz band. The linearity of RF power amplifier is improved by employing the digital pre-distortion(DPD) based on affine projection(AP) algorithm, where the look-up table(LUT) method is used with non-linear indexing. The proposed DPD with AP algorithm is compared with that with normalized least mean square(NLMS) algorithm, applied to the RF power amplifier. A commercial power amplifier module is used for verification of the proposed algorithm which shows improvement of adjacent channel leakage ratio(ACLR) by about 21 dB.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2024

The objective of Value Engineering (VE) is to derive the optimal value at the most efficient life cycle cost, comprising three stages: Pre-Study, Study, and Post-Study. In this study, we propose a method for information collection and analysis during planned site visit surveys in the preparation stage of VE. The 3D spatial model, created using a drone, facilitated observation and analysis of the study area from various angles, both from the center and the outside. Additionally, through the utilization of drones, we conducted on-site investigations of the research area's 3D spatial model, enabling a macroscopic perspective previously only feasible through a microscopic viewpoint during planned site visits in the pre-study phase. Furthermore, the utilization of actual spatial data obtained from observations allowed for real-time information verification during Design VE workshops, enhancing the efficiency and reliability of the VE project.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.79-87
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• 2024

Recently, the importance of pre-trained language models (PLM) has been emphasized for natural language processing (NLP) such as text classification, sentiment analysis, and question answering. Korean PLM shows high performance in NLP in general-purpose domains, but is weak in domains such as finance, medicine, and law. The main goal of this study is to propose a language model learning process and method to build a financial-specific language model that shows good performance not only in the financial domain but also in general-purpose domains. The five steps of the financial-specific language model are (1) financial data collection and preprocessing, (2) selection of model architecture such as PLM or foundation model, (3) domain data learning and instruction tuning, (4) model verification and evaluation, and (5) model deployment and utilization. Through this, a method for constructing pre-learning data that takes advantage of the characteristics of the financial domain and an efficient LLM training method, adaptive learning and instruction tuning techniques, were presented.