• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2017

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to establish the traffic volume-based warrants of right-turn lanes at unsignalized intersections and to introduce a risk probability methodology based on the warrants. METHODS : In this study, a risk probability of a potential rear-end collision is applied between a right-turn vehicle and the immediately following through vehicle. Using the shifted negative exponential model and the compound probability theorem, the risk probability can be expressed as the function of directional volumes and the percentage of right-turns for a two-lane and four-lane highway, respectively. RESULTS : Based on the risk probablity, guidelines for installing right-turn lanes on two-lane and four-lane highways were developed. The risk probability also showed rationality by comparing with right-turn same-direction conflicts observed in-situ. CONCLUSIONS : The results of our study define the total approaching volumes to encourage a right-turn lane as a function of operating speed, percentage of right-turn, and number of lanes.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2007

This research examined how pilots perceive risks when faced with emergency flight situations. We had 116 commercial airline pilots evaluate riskiness of 39 non-routine flight situations. The pilots' risk perception was analyzed as a function of their position (captain vs. first officer), expertise (expert vs. novice), and military flight experience (with vs. without military experience). Results showed that captains evaluated potential-risk situations and low-risk situations more dangerous than first officers. However, there were no differences between experts and novices, and between pilots having military flight experience and pilots not having military flight experience in risk perception. The analysis of multi-dimensional scaling revealed that the pilots used controllability as a key dimension for evaluating riskiness, though the other dimensions they used varied with their position, expertise, and military flight experience.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2012년 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Risk Assessment, a basis of health and safety management system, is an calamity prevention activity which regularly measure the level of a risk to passively improve potential hazard. A problem, the assessment not being improved to be applied to the construction work site where requires diversity and complexity, causes the assessment to be inefficient to bring quality results. A study on the investigates and compares the surveyed degree of recognitions of workers who works in companies executing the risk assessment By the investigation and comparison, it is expected to bring the better solution for early and efficient application for those companies which are not taking the risk assessment.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2007

Present time there are many risk analysis method in the world. A hazard is an exposure that has the potential to induce and adverse event. Risk is the probability of an adverse event given exposure to hazard. The evaluation of scientific information on the hazardous properties of environmental agents and the extent of exposure to these agents. But operation risk analysis method is not enough for manufacturing industry even if it is existence, it will be separated to improve Safety. In this paper, I will develop the AHP Weighted operation risk analysis method to improve Safety.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

As preventive measures have received tremendous attention to prevent any possible accident in advance, many work places have introduced safety and health management systems. However despite of this government's effort, the industrial accident rate of small-scale businesses with less than 50 employees does not decline, which is mainly because the projects are not differentiated according to the risk level of individual business. To evaluate the risk level of small-scale businesses with less than 50 employees and then establish effective safety and health management systems according to the risk level, this study has conducted the following processes. The small-scale businesses with less than 50 employees were evaluated through accident type, and potential accident risk factor was evaluated through location, business type, and business size. The results of this analysis are expected to make contribution to improving the effectiveness of the safety and health management supports to small-scale businesses with less than 50 employees.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.459-475
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• 2020

This study analyzes weather derivatives as an alternative risk management tool to stabilize farm revenue to complement the existing crop insurance program which suffers from asymmetric information problems such as adverse selection, moral hazard, and verifiability. We estimated apple yield functions to observe the relationship between yields and weather indices such as temperature and precipitation. Based on the estimated yield functions we designed weather futures and options products underlying temperature and precipitation, and calculated the prices of futures and options by two different approaches, historical distribution and Monte Carlo simulation. We found that weather futures and options stabilize farm revenue based on the estimated four risk indicators: Coefficient of Variation, Value at Risk, Certainty Equivalence, and Risk Premium. As a result, weather derivatives could be considered as a potential farm risk management tool through studying more in legal and institutional strategies and developing various derivatives products.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.138-144
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• 2015

Objective: It is to evaluate the drug interaction monitoring program as a pilot project to develop a pharmaceutical care model in a medical intensive care unit and to analyze the influencing factors of drug interactions. Method: Electronic medical records were retrospectively investigated for 116 patients who had been hospitalized in a medical intensive care unit from October to December in 2014. The prevalence of adverse reaction with risk rating higher than 'D' was investigated by Lexi-$Comp^{(R)}$ Online database. The factors related with potential drug interaction and with treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results: The number of patients with a potential interaction of drug combination was 92 (79.3%). Average ages, the length of stay in the intensive care unit and the numbers of prescription drugs showed significant differences between drug interaction group and non-drug interaction group. Opioids (14.4%), antibiotics (7.2%), and diuretics (7.2%) were most responsible drug classes for drug interactions and the individual medications included furosemide (6.4%), tramadol (4.9%), and remifentanil (4.5%). There were 950 cases with a risk rating of 'C' (84.6%), 142 cases with a risk rating of 'D' (12.6%), and 31 cases with a risk rating of 'X' (avoid combination) (2.8%). The factors affecting drug interactions were the number of drugs prescribed (p < 0.0001) and the length of stay at intensive care unit (p < 0.01). The patients in intensive care unit showed a high incidence of adverse reactions related to potential drug interaction. Therefore, drug interaction monitoring program as a one of pharmaceutical care services was successfully piloted and it showed to prevent adverse reaction and to improve therapeutic outcomes. Conclusion: Active participation of a pharmacist in the drug management at the intensive care unit should be considered.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.918-922
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• 2015

선박으로부터 배출되는 오염원과 온실가스에 대한 국제적 규제가 점점 더 강화되어 감에 따라, 액화 천연 가스를 선박의 연료로 사용하는데 대한 관심이 높아져 가고 있다. 본 연구는 액화 천연 가스 연료 선박에서 사용되는 두 가지 방식의 연료 가스 공급 장치에 대하여 폭발 잠재 위험 분석을 수행하였다. 8500 TEU 급 컨테이너 선박을 목표 선박으로 선정하여, 액화 천연 가스 저장 탱크를 설계하였고 각 연료 공급 방식의 운전을 위한 압력 조건을 가정하였다. 누출공의 크기를 세 개의 범주로 분류하여, 각 누출공 크기 범주에 대한 누출 빈도를 산출하였고, 대표 누출공의 크기와 누출량을 추산하였다. 방출률의 증가와 누출 빈도는 역비례 관계를 보였으며, 펌프 방식 연료 공급 장치에서는 누출 빈도가 높게 나타났고, 가압 방식 연료 공급 장치에서는 방출률이 높게 나타났다. 전산 유체 역학 시뮬레이션을 통하여 폭발 잠재 위험 분석을 수행하고 각 연료 공급 장치에 대한 결과를 비교하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2016

In the current study, we investigated the longitudinal association between dietary acid load and the risk of insulin resistance (IR) in the Tehranian adult population. This longitudinal study was conducted on 925 participants, aged 22~80 years old, in the framework of the third (2006~2008) and fourth (2009~2011) phases of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. At baseline, the dietary intake of subjects was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores were calculated at baseline. Fasting serum insulin and glucose were measured at baseline and again after a 3-year of follow-up; IR was defined according to optimal cut-off values. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the risk of IR according to the PRAL and NEAP quartile categories. Mean age and body mass index of the participants were 40.3 years old of $26.4kg/m^2$, respectively. Mean PRAL and NEAP scores were -11.2 and 35.6 mEq/d, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared to the lowest quartile of PRAL and NEAP, the highest quartile was accompanied with increased risk of IR [odds ratio (OR)=2.81, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.32~5.97 and OR=2.18, 95% CI=1.03~4.61, respectively]. Our findings suggest that higher acidic dietary acid-base load, defined by higher PRAL and NEAP scores, may be a risk factor for the development of IR and related metabolic disorders.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2018

본 연구는 광안대교 인근의 해저퇴적토에 포함된 중금속을 분석하여 퇴적토의 오염도를 평가하고자 하였다. 오염도 평가를 위해 Enrichment Factor(EF), Geoaccumulation index, Potential ecological risk factor(PERF), mean PEL quotient와 같은 평가방법을 사용하였다. 각 평가방법에 따라 대상 지역의 중금속 오염 정도를 확인하였고 이를 종합적으로 고려하여 어떤 지역에서 어떤 중금속이 문제가 되는지를 확인하였다. Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn의 경우 전 지역에서 비오염 혹은 영향없음으로 판별되었으나(EF<1) Cd의 경우에는 모든 지역에서 외부영향으로 인한 농도증가 양상을 보여주었다(1$I_{geo}$에 의한 평가에서는 Cd의 경우 G4에서 다소 오염으로 분류되었으나 다른 지역에서는 모두 비오염으로 평가되었다. 각 평가방법에 의한 결과를 요약하면 Cd의 경우 전 지역에서 높게 검출되었고 지역별로는 G4와 G5 지역에서 Cd를 비롯하여 Pb와 Zn의 농도가 다른 지역보다 다소 높은 것으로 확인되었다.