• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1996.11a
• /
• pp.47-48
• /
• 1996

No Abstract (See Full-text)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.93-93
• /
• 2018

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.6-10
• /
• 2020

[Purpose] Milk is a commonly ingested post-exercise recovery protein source. Casein protein, found in milk, is characterized by its slow digestion and absorption. Recently, several studies have been conducted with a focus on how pre-sleep casein protein intake could affect post-exercise recovery but our knowledge of the subject remains limited. This review aimed at presenting and discussing how pre-sleep casein protein ingestion affects post-exercise recovery and the details of its potential effector mechanisms. [Methods] We systematically reviewed the topics of 1) casein nutritional characteristics, 2) pre-sleep casein protein effects on post-exercise recovery, and 3) potential effector mechanisms of pre-sleep casein protein on post-exercise recovery, based on the currently available published studies on pre-sleep casein protein ingestion. [Results] Studies have shown that pre-sleep casein protein ingestion (timing: 30 minutes before sleep, amount of casein protein ingested: 40-48 g) could help post-exercise recovery and positively affect acute protein metabolism and exercise performance. In addition, studies have suggested that repeated pre-sleep casein protein ingestion for post-exercise recovery over a long period might also result in chronic effects that optimize intramuscular physiological adaptation (muscle strength and muscle hypertrophy). The potential mechanisms of pre-sleep casein protein ingestion that contribute to these effects include the following: 1) significantly increasing plasma amino acid availability during sleep, thereby increasing protein synthesis, inhibiting protein breakdown, and achieving a positive protein balance; and 2) weakening exercise-induced muscle damage or inflammatory responses, causing reduced muscle soreness. Future studies should focus on completely elucidating these potential mechanisms. [Conclusion] In conclusion, post-exercise ingestion of at least 40 g of casein protein, approximately 30 minutes before sleep and after a bout of resistance exercise in the evening, might be an effective nutritional intervention to facilitate muscle recovery.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.208-211
• /
• 2009

This study investigated the effect of vitamin $B_6$ deficiency on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid profile in rats with exercise-induced oxidative stress. Forty eight rats were fed either a vitamin $B_6$ deficient diet (B6-) or a control diet (control) for 4 weeks and then subdivided into 3 groups: pre-exercise (PreE); post-exercise (PostE); recess after exercise (recessE). Compared to those of control group, plasma catalase and hepatic cytosol superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) activities of B6- group were lower regardless of exercise. The ratio of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) of B6 - group was lower in PreE and there was no difference between PostE and recessE. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) of B6- was significantly higher in PreE and PostE. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level of B6- group was lower regardless of exercise. Atherosclerotic index of $B_6$- group was higher in PreE and there was no difference between PostE and recessE. It is suggested that a reduction in antioxidative status caused by vitamin $B_6$ deficiency may be aggravated under exercise-induced oxidative stress.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2016.02a
• /
• pp.341-341
• /
• 2016

The discovery of light emission in nanostructured silicon has opened up new avenues of research in nano-silicon based devices. One such pathway is the application of silicon quantum dots in advanced photovoltaic and light emitting devices. Recently, there is increasing interest on the silicon quantum dots (c-Si QDs) films embedded in amorphous hydrogenated silicon-nitride dielectric matrix (a-SiNx: H), which are familiar as c-Si/a-SiNx:H QDs thin films. However, due to the limitation of the requirement of a very high deposition temperature along with post annealing and a low growth rate, extensive research are being undertaken to elevate these issues, for the point of view of applications, using plasma assisted deposition methods by using different plasma concepts. This work addresses about rapid growth and single step development of c-Si/a-SiNx:H QDs thin films deposited by RF (13.56 MHz) and ultra-high frequency (UHF ~ 320 MHz) low-pressure plasma processing of a mixture of silane (SiH4) and ammonia (NH3) gases diluted in hydrogen (H2) at a low growth temperature ($230^{\circ}C$). In the films the c-Si QDs of varying size, with an overall crystallinity of 60-80 %, are embedded in an a-SiNx: H matrix. The important result includes the formation of the tunable QD size of ~ 5-20 nm, having a thermodynamically favorable <220> crystallographic orientation, along with distinct signatures of the growth of ${\alpha}$-Si3N4 and ${\beta}$-Si3N4 components. Also, the roles of different plasma characteristics on the film properties are investigated using various plasma diagnostics and film analysis tools.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.76-82
• /
• 2005

In this paper, a method for analyzing the thermal recovery characteristics of the nozzle of gas circuit breaker was described. In order to obtain thermal recovery characteristics, the transient simulation of SF6 arc plasma within the nozzle was carried out. In particular, the nozzle ablation was taken into account by simultaneously solving the PTFE concentration equation with the governing equations such as continuity, momentum and energy equation. After that, post arc current calculation was performed with the rate of rise of recovery voltage changed. From the calculated post arc current, it was possible to suggest the thermal recovery characteristics of the nozzle of gas circuit breaker.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.98-105
• /
• 2010

A total of 16 crossbred post-weaning pigs (10.64${\pm}$0.27 kg BW) were individually penned and assigned to one of two treatments to investigate the influences of diquat-induced oxidative stress on performance and arginine metabolism. Pigs in the oxidative stress group were injected intra-peritoneally with 10 mg/kg BW of diquat, while the control group were injected with isotonic saline. All pigs were fed ad libitum. The experiment lasted for 7 days. The results indicated that compared with control treatment, oxidative stress induced by diquat significantly decreased average daily gain, intake and feed conversion. The treatment decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes, increased concentration of malondialdehyde in plasma, increased cationic amino acid transporter-1 mRNA level and activity of ornithine aminotransferase and concentrations of arginine and citrulline in the jejunum, decreased the concentrations of arginine in plasma and kidney, and decreased induced nitric oxide synthase mRNA level. It is concluded that oxidative stress induced by diquat can influence absorption and metabolism of arginine and consequently modify the requirement of arginine for post-weaning pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.24 no.9
• /
• pp.1192-1198
• /
• 2011

Peri-partum metabolic profile was evaluated in winter and summer calving, with 15 Murrah buffaloes in each seasonal group. In summer calvers, significantly lower values were observed for blood plasma urea nitrogen (BUN) at day 30 pre-partum (p<0.05), on calving day (p<0.05) and at all other stages (p<0.01); plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) values were significantly lower on day 30 pre-partum (p<0.01) and on day 60 post-partum (p<0.05). This was associated with significant reduction in days to first service (DFS) and service per conception (SPC) and an overall better reproductive performance in terms of service period, risk to first service on days 60, 90 and >90, and pregnancy risk to first service up to days 60 and 90. This may be attributed to better pre-partum nutritional status. Cervical and uterine involution were completed in fewer days, involutional changes took place at a faster pace and there were a lower number of abnormal involutional changes in winter compared to summer season. This may be attributed to better post-partum nutrition and less environmental stress. However, validation requires further targeted cohort investigation with a large sample size.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.77-81
• /
• 1985

In order to investigate the effect of ginseng saponins on the activity of lipoprotein lipase, it was attempted to conform the enzymatic hydrolysis of chylomicron with post-heparin induced plasma lipoprotein lipase of normal rabbit in vitro. And the activity of lipoprotein llipase was determined by the quantitative determination of liberated free fatty acids on the hydrolysis of chylomicron. As the result, it was observed that the ginseng saponins accelerated the hydrolysis of chylomicron by post-heparin plasma in vitro. And the optimum concentration of ginseng saponins for the activity of the lipoprotein lipase in the 2% bovine serum albumin was $10^{-4}%$. But ginseng saponins on the hydrolysis of chylomicron was influenced by the presence and the absence of albumin. And the optimum concentration of albumin and Na-cholate on the activity of lipoprotein lipase was each of the $10^{-6}%$ albumin and 5mM Na-cholate. From these results, it seems that ginseng saponins might stimulate the intravascular hydrolysis of chylomicron.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.479-483
• /
• 2018

Our group reported the thermal decomposition of R-22 ($CHClF_2$) refrigerants by nitrogen thermal plasma in previous studies. However, it was proposed that the wastewater generated from the end part of the process contains high concentration of fluoride ion which is a component of R-22. The additional post-treatment process to neutralize the $F^-$ ions in the wastewater was investigated in this study. The wastewater generated through the decomposition of R-22 with the same procedure in the previous work was treated using the neutralizer, $Ca(OH)_2$, and the atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) independently as a post-treatment process. Wastewater samples were collected directly after the treatment for ion-chromatography analysis to trace the change of the concentration of $F^-$ ion in the wastewater. The fluoride concentration in the wastewater showed the highest value when the single water was used as a neutralizer, and the concentration of fluoride in the wastewater was dramatically reduced when the post-treatments were performed.