• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.90-96
• /
• 2011

It requires to make the safety education not a merely formal education but as a practical one for the factor of safety on the industrial environment. We surveyed the workers who are working for a power plant-related small and medium sized businesses around Incheon about the necessity of safety education to improve the safety awareness for themselves. The answered workers for the survey are numbered 198, and we can analyzed those questionnaires by using SEM(Structural Equation Modeling). We ran the analysis by the tool of statistics, AMOS19.0. We examined the basic hypothesis that self-efficacy, safety education, and perceived safety influenced on the will for the safety on the job through the attitude of safety on the work as a parametric cause. We can derive a result that self-efficacy and education about safety makes an effect not only on the will for the safety directly, but also through the attitude and perceived safety. Perceived safety does not influenced on the attitude of safety on the work. Education, attitude, and perceived safety show positive influential factors, but self-efficacy represents negative effect directly on the will for the safety. Safety eduction makes more positive effect on the attitude and perception of the safety, and it shows the necessity for the reinforcement.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.225-232
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among emotional labour, emotional expression and burnout of clinical nurse. Method: Data was collected from convenient sample of 178 nurses in 4 cities. The questionnaire measured the level of emotional labour, emotional expression and burnout of clinical nurse. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score of emotional labour was 3.34(${\pm}.41$), emotional expression was 3.49(${\pm}.51$), burnout was 2.94(${\pm}.58$). There were significant differences on burnout according to age, marital status, religion, clinical career, working unit, level of job satisfaction, satisfaction of work load, satisfaction of interpersonal relations. There was a significant positive correlation between emotional labour and emotional expression. The emotional expression was a significant negative correlation with burnout. Conclusions: From the studies reviewed, it can expect the positive effect to decrease the burnout of clinical nurses when the nurse administrators who have concern about nurses' emotional expression. These findings would be significant resource to promote understanding about emotional labour for nurses.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward the aged and geriatric nursing education needs in geriatric hospitals. Method: The research design was a descriptive study. Data was collected from 101 nurses working in five geriatric hospitals in D city using structured questionnaires. Result: The mean score of geriatric hospital nurses' knowledge toward the aged was 13.28. The mean score of geriatric hospital nurses' attitudes toward the aged was 79.14. The mean score of geriatric hospital nurses' nursing education needs was 4.00. The correlation between geriatric hospital nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward the aged showed a significant positive value(r=.396, p<.01). According to the above results, the nurses' knowledge toward the aged was high, the attitude was neutral, and the nursing education needs was high. Conclusion: There is a need to develop continuing education programs to increase knowledge and positive attitudes and to apply these programs routinely to maintain and reinforce the nurses' knowledge and attitudes.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.407-417
• /
• 2000

Photosensitive polyimides having cyclobutane or phenyl and aromatic sulfonyloxyimide units in the main chain have been synthesized and the photodegradation behavior was investigated in relation with the polymer structure. The polyimides were prepared by condensation polymerization of N-hydroxyl and sulfonyl chloride. The prepared polyimides were stable up to 25$0^{\circ}C$ without thermal degradation. It has been found that the photodegradation of polyimides upon irradiation of 254 nm UV light results from scission of N-O bonds or ring opening of imides moiety by spectroscopic measurements. The polyimides were useful as positive working photodegradable polymers. Especially, the positive tone image of polyimide containing a pyromellitic diimide moiety exhibited high sensitivity and resolution.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 2008

Consuming regular meals has been studied in relation to better health, while higher regularity of eating-out has been linked to obesity. This study examined whether acculturation was associated with regularity of meals, eating-out, and overweight in Korean Americans. Pre-tested questionnaires were mailed to a U.S. national sample with Korean American surnames, and 55% of the deliverable sample responded, producing 356 usable questionnaires. Acculturation was measured using a two-culture matrix model and Gordon's theoretical work, and showed there were three distinct groups (acculturated, bicultural, and traditional). Only 36% reported that they regularly ate three meals a day. Breakfast was the least frequent meal of the day with 43% reporting eating breakfast everyday. More than half (58%) reported that they usually eat out or get take-out food at least once a week. After controlling for age, sex, income, education, and working status, higher acculturation was related to greater regularity of eating-out, but not meal regularity. A total of 28% of men and 6% of women were overweight (BMI>25), and there were significant and positive relationships between body weight status and acculturation in men but not women. However, no significant relationships between frequency of meals and eating-out and overweight status were present. This study did not find significant relationships of meal regularity and eating-out with body weight, however, given the positive relationship between acculturation and eating-out among the subjects and the well-established relationship between eating-out and obesity, nutrition education about skipping meals and eating-for Korean Americans may be useful to prevent such relationships from developing.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.154-164
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a death preparation education program for nurses working in convalescent hospitals on death anxiety, death attitudes, and attitudes toward end-of-life care. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group, pre-test and post-test design. Among 53 participants, 26 were assigned to the non-equivalent experimental group and 27 to the control group. The program was performed in the formats of lectures, video-watching, group discussions, and sharing, and consisted of 10 sessions held twice a week, for 5 weeks (90 minutes per session). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, and the chisquare test in SPSS version 21.0. Results: Significant differences between the experimental and control groups were observed in death anxiety (t=7.62, P<0.001), death attitudes (t=-7.58, P<0.001), and attitudes to end-of-life care (t=-10.30, P<0.001). Conclusion: It was confirmed that the death preparation education program reduced death anxiety and had a positive effect on death attitudes and attitudes toward end-of-life care. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that specialized and systematic education that can increase the implementation and stability of death preparation education in various fields, including nursing, will have a positive effect on both hospice patients and members of society more broadly.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2021

Purpose : This study aims to provide basic data for effective nursing interventions and improvement of nurses' work by exploring their work experiences in single-room-structured intensive care units (ICU) through focus group interviews. Methods : Data were collected through two focus group discussions conducted from March to November 2020 with 13 ICU nurses. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed thematically by investigators. Results : Through content analysis, 15 sub-categories and 6 categories were formed. Two themes, "positive experiences patients care in an independent space" and "difficulties in nursing work according to space separation of patients" emerged. There are positive aspects of single-room-structured ICUs, but it was found that practicing nurses had difficulties and required specialized nursing competencies. Therefore, efforts to reduce the burden of nurses in single-room-structured ICUs are necessary. Conclusion : The limitation of this study is that it was conducted in a single hospital because single-room-structured intensive care units are uncommon in Korea. However, this study is of great significance as a basis for establishing guidelines on the efforts required from nurses, hospitals, and governments single-room-structured ICUs in the future.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.125-137
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the literature on depression among South Korean nurses in order to identify overall trends regarding depression. Methods: Forty-five papers published between 1998 and 2017 in three Korean databases-RISS4U, DBPIA, and KISS-were analyzed. Results: Depression showed significant positive associations with job stress, burnout, intent to leave, and somatic symptoms such as fatigue and trouble sleeping. Poor work environments such as staff shortage, work overload, and shift work were also positively associated with depression. Higher job satisfaction, resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and social support were negatively correlated with and acted as significant buffers against depression. Conclusion: These results indicate that healthcare policymakers must pay more attention to the management and prevention of nurses' depression. In order to effectively do so, poor work conditions, which involve long working hours, high patient-to-nurse ratios, and extreme workloads, should be improved. Simultaneously, nursing managers should implement initiatives such as counseling and competency improvement programs, and stress management to reduce and prevent depression among nurses and strengthen their positive competency. Also, further research is required to clarify the prevalence of depression in South Korean nurses, with more meta-analyses also required to identify variations in depression rates owing to various factors.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.206-215
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of an intervention program for human tissue donation with nurses, modified from the Korea Foundation for Human Tissue Donation, to promote human tissue donation via nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward human tissue donation, and self-efficacy for teaching tissue donation. Methods: A non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design was adopted, and data were collected from 82 nurses (41 of each group: experimental and comparison) working at a general hospital in Inchon, South Korea. Results: In a multivariate analysis (MANOVA), the integrative effect on outcome variables from the intervention program was statistically significant (p<.001). Accordingly, an ANOVA was performed to determine which individual outcome variable showed a significant effect with intervention, and it was found that the effects of intervention on all the outcome variables (knowledge and attitude, and self-efficacy for teaching human tissue donation) were significant (p<.001). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the intervention had positive effects on knowledge and attitudes toward tissue donation, and self-efficacy for teaching tissue donation among nurses. These outcome variables derived from the intervention might be essential for eliciting positive behavior toward human tissue donation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.635-641
• /
• 2021

This article analyzes the factors affecting income inequality in Vietnam, with data from 63 provinces and cities collected from the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey of the General Statistics Office of Vietnam from 2010 to 2018. The article will firstly build a research model to identify factors affecting income inequality. Then, it uses the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method to evaluate the effect of factors on income inequality in Vietnam. The empirical estimate result shows that, in the period from 2010 to 2018, the factors such as the proportion of the working employees, income per capita, and inflation have positive effects on the Gini coefficient. That is, when these factors increase, there will be negative effects on improving income inequality in Vietnam. Conversely, when the factors such as the proportion of the literate adults, the proportion of the urban population, and population density increase they will have a positive impact on improving income inequality in Vietnam during this period. The estimated coefficients satisfied the sign expectation except the proportion of the literate adults. It means that, in Vietnam, the increase and more equilibrium in educational attainment balance the distribution of income and bring an improvement in income inequality.