• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.900-909
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of predictive factors related to family strength and develop a structural equation model that explains family strength among married working women. Methods: A hypothesized model was developed based on literature reviews and predictors of family strength by Yoo. This constructed model was built of an eight pathway form. Two exogenous variables included in this model were ego-resilience and family support. Three endogenous variables included in this model were functional couple communication, family stress and family strength. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire from 319 married working women who were 30~40 of age and lived in cities of Chungnam province in Korea. Data were analyzed with PASW/WIN 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 programs. Results: Family support had a positive direct, indirect and total effect on family strength. Family stress had a negative direct, indirect and total effect on family strength. Functional couple communication had a positive direct and total effect on family strength. These predictive variables of family strength explained 61.8% of model. Conclusion: The results of the study show a structural equation model for family strength of married working women and that predicting factors for family strength are family support, family stress, and functional couple communication. To improve family strength of married working women, the results of this study suggest nursing access and mediative programs to improve family support and functional couple communication, and reduce family stress.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.57-68
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine working mothers'parenting behavior as related to job characteristics, day care quality and psychological well-being. The subjects of this study were 202 working mothers of 3-to-6 year old children enrolled in day care centers. Data were gathered via questionnaires responded by mothers. As results, both mother's psychological well-being and parenting behaviors were positively related to job characteristics such as husband's support and work place policy and day care Quality Most significantly, the relations between husband's support as well as day care Quality and mother's behaviors were completely mediated via mother's psychological well-being. This study demonstrated that working mothers'psychological well -being is an important mediating variable in predicting positive child-rearing behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 1997

In this study we tried to give a decision on propriety of working conditions, to present ideas on reducing work loads. and to grope for efficiency of agricultural works. For this we examined the actual conditions of working environment, farmer's clothes, working posture, working methods, working time, resting state, fatigue recovery methods during cultivating lettuce in the winter greenhouse. And Ive improved harmful factors that affect farmer's health by considering results of previous study and farmer's subjective sensation. And we measured, compared, and analyzed the farmer's work loads before and after improvement. The results of this study are as follows ; 1. According to examine the actual conditions of cultivating lettuce in the winter greenhouse, farmers have experienced physical and mental chronic fatigue on the basis of the hot and humid crops-centered working environment, the rough ground condition, inconsistent arrangement of working stand and sorter, heavy-weared habits. and unsuitable working posture. 2. When we improved harmful factors that affect farmer's health, conformed the positive effects on important work efficiency index such as heart rate, electromyovolume, body temperature, and microclimate inside clothing and work loads were decreased by improving the hot and humid working environment, eliminating the hillock and obstacles of working path. deliver way, arranging the working stand and sorter consistantly, decreasing the clothing weight, improving the working postures and methods as using assistant appliances, alloting the working time and sequence effectively and presenting the light gymnastic exercises and rest for fatigue restoration.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

Purpose - The current study analyzes effects of hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction and customer orientation. Research design and methodology - In order to achieve the current study's goal, sample was extracted targeting cooks working in 5-stars hotels located in Seoul considering spatial and time limitation. Method of research was direct research method with survey. Survey was conducted from April 1st, 2018 to April 20, 2018 (approximately 20 days). Total of 300 surveys were distributed to cooks working in 5-stars hotels located in Seoul, and among those 250 surveys were returned. Among returned 250 surveys, 246 surveys. Results - First, in order to test H1, effect of hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction (satisfaction on superior and coworker) was analyzed. Second, in order to test H2, effect on hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction (satisfaction on compensation and promotion) was analyzed. Third, satisfaction on superior and coworker had statistically significantly positive effect on customer orientation, while satisfaction on compensation and promotion did not have statistically significant effect. Conclusions - First, deep acting had statistically significantly positive effect on job satisfaction (satisfaction on superior and coworker), while surface acting did not have statistically significant effect. Second, both deep and surface acting had statistically significantly positive effect on job satisfaction (satisfaction on compensation and promotion). Third, satisfaction on superior and coworker had statistically significantly positive effect on customer orientation, while satisfaction on compensation and promotion did not have statistically significant effect.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.743-750
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• 2023

This research aims at drawing implications by positive and negative variables affecting burnout of young working adults. The authors derived social support and empathy from sorting out the positive variables, and job boredom and job stress from the negative variables. Many studies have shown that these selected variables are believed to influence considerably on burnout. This research is achieved by the method of hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that four positive and negative variables influence on burnout, and the negative variables(job stress, job boredom) have the greater effect than the positive variables(empathy, social support) do. Thus, there is an urgent need for care and concern for the social beginners.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.605-616
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• 2011

The present study examined memory accuracy for faces with positive, negative and neutral emotional expressions to test whether their emotional content can affect visual working memory (VWM) performance. Participants remembered a set of face pictures in which facial expressions of the faces were randomly assigned from pleasant, unpleasant and neutral emotional categories. Participants' task was to report presence or absence of an emotion change in the faces by comparing the remembered set against another set of test faces displayed after a short delay. The change detection accuracies of the pleasant, unpleasant and neutral face conditions were compared under two memory exposure duration of 500ms vs. 1000ms. Under the duration of 500ms, the accuracy in the pleasant condition was higher than both unpleasant and neutral conditions. However the difference disappeared when the duration was extended to 1000ms. The results indicate that a positive facial expression can improve VWM accuracy relative to the negative or positive expressions especially when there is not enough time for forming durable VWM representations.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.271-282
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• 2023

Purpose: This study is a descriptive research study attempted to identify the job stress and positive psychological capital of clinical nurses and to identify the factors that impact job embeddedness. Methods: Data were collected from 115 nurses with over one year of clinical experience working at a 500-bed B General Hospital. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 27.0 program using frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression. Results: As a result of multiple regression analysis, hope among the sub-factors of positive psychological capital (β=0.48, p<.001), matters related to the work schedule (β=-0.23, p=.005) among the sub-factors of job stress, and conflict with doctor (β=0.20, p=.013) was found to have an impact on job embeddedness, and the explanatory power of this regression model was 52.0% (F=13.12, p<.001). Conclusion: It was found that the positive psychological capital of clinical nurses has a positive impact on job embeddedness. In order to increase the job embeddedness of clinical nurses, it is necessary to develop, educate, and utilize specific intervention programs that can strengthen positive psychological capital. Efforts should be needed to prepare specific strategies for nurses to recognize the importance of hope and actively utilize positive psychological capital. In addition, it is necessary to create an organization-level working environment and continuous management to reduce the job stress of clinical nurses.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.505-519
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between organizational commitment, organizational loyalty, and working satisfaction of 162 teachers in daycare centers in Gyung-gi province. Three questionnaires about the organizational commitment which Allen and Mayer(1990) developed and Son Sobin(2002) revised, organizational loyalty behavior which Jo Bumsang(2004) revised, and working satisfaction which Kim Sunja(2005) developed, and the researcher revised were used for this study. For this study, the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation. The results were as follows: first, the early childhood teacher's organizational commitment was average, and there was a significant difference according to the teacher's academic background. Second, the early childhood teacher's organizational loyalty was also average, and there were significant differences according to the teacher's age and academic background. Third, the early childhood teacher's working satisfaction was below average level, and there was a significant difference according to the teacher's working hours. Last, the early childhood teacher's organizational commitment, organizational loyalty behavior, and working satisfaction showed the positive relationship. In conclusion, the government and the director of daycare centers should support for the teacher's psychological satisfaction because the early childhood teacher's psychological state is highly related to successful organization of daycare centers.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.115-158
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• 2017

This paper explores the relationship between working hours and the residual gender wage gap in Korea. Because the labor practice of working long hours in Korea favors men, who tend to spend little time on domestic labor, long working hours can influence the residual gender wage gap by discriminating against women. We analyze this discrimination empirically, and find the following results. First, the returns from working long hours are not high in most occupations in Korea. Second, working hours have a positive effect on the residual gender wage gap in male-dominated occupations, but not in female-dominated ones.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.165-177
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of different working days of married working men and women on their time use on the weekend. The data collected by The National Statistical Office in 1999 was used. Among the total sample of 17,000 families, 7580 samples who are married, employed, and more than 20 yews old are selected for the analysis. This study has resulted in two major findings. (1)the working days affect on the time use on the weekend. The pattern is somewhat different by sex. The women spend more time in leisure and houseworks on the weekend as the working days decrease. However, the men do not spend more time on doing houseworks as the working days decrease. The time spent on leisure and physiologic time is increased both men and women as the change of workweek from the biweekly five-day to the weekly five-day: (2)if the five-day workweek and more flexible hours are introduced, they will contribute to Improve the quality of life of workers. This fact shows positive view at the last stage of legislation of the five-day workweek .