• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.265-285
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• 2018

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on the design, research and education aspects of fire safety engineering (FSE) with a particular concern on high-rise buildings. FSE finds its root after Great Fire of Rome in 64 AD, followed by Great London Fire in 1666. The development of modern FSE is continuously driven by industry revolution, insurance community and government regulations. Now FSE has become a unique engineering discipline and is moving towards performance-based design since 1990s. The performance-based fire safety design (PBFSD) involves identification of fire safety goals, design objectives, establishment of performance criteria, and selection of proper solutions for fire safety. The determination of fire scenarios and design fires have now become major contents for PBFSD. To experience a rapid and positive evolution in design and research consistent with other engineering disciplines, it is important for fire safety engineering as a profession to set up a special educational system to deliver the next-generation fire safety engineers. High-rise buildings have their unique fire safety issues such as rapid fire and smoke spread, extended evacuation time, longer fire duration, mixed occupancies, etc., bringing more difficulties in ensuring life safety and protection of property and environment. A list of recommendations is proposed to improve the fire safety of high-rise buildings. In addition, some source information for specific knowledge and information on FSE is provided in Appendix.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.64-75
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• 2018

A status of air traffic controller is a government officer and air traffic controllers who work at airport are divided by duty rating and work experience. Abiding by law, rules and regulation, air traffic controllers are working together based on mutual trust. This paper's theoretical background is based on cultural bias theory. The theory divide people group into four groups according to cultural bias such as fatalism, hierarchy, individualism and egalitarianism. A research model was designed how such four cultural bias could affect air traffic controller's risk response in case of emergency or abnormal situation during their work. Depend on empirical research, it was found that air traffic controllers perceived they had been more biased to fatalism than hierarchy. The characteristics of fatalism group are as follows: first of all, they follow rigid rules and regulation. However, they have less self-efficacy compared to other government officers. According to structural equation model, air traffic controller's fatalism had a significant negative effect on organizational royalty. Their royalty, however, had a very significant positive effect on planning response and immediate response.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.329-337
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• 2019

Prevention is very important in terms of the fact that the percentage of people in their 10s and 20s experience noise-prone hearing is so serious that it can lead to serious hearing later on. This study examines the effect of the hearing loss prevention public advertisement message on the hearing loss prevention intent of the acceptor according to the type of framing(positive/negative) and self-efficacy information provision (provide information/do not provide information). The perceived risk and future time orientation as individual characteristics of individual participants were set as variables that could influence the message effect. In this paper, we propose a message expression method and effective message delivery method in the aspect of message strategy and effect of execution when promoting understanding and interest in hearing loss prevention.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.19-33
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide basic data to aid in the effective adoption of the preceptor system for new paramedics by assessing the preceptor role awareness among senior 119 paramedics in the field. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 182 senior paramedics who each had more than 3 years field experience. The questionnaire measuring preceptor role awareness was composed of 64 items with responses based on a 5 point Likert scale. Data were collected from July 31, 2018 to August 29, 2018, and were analyzed with IBM SPSS version 24.0. Results: The average score for preceptor role awareness was 3.87 (supervisor = 3.95, resource person = 3.88, role model = 3.85, and instruction designer = 3.81). There were significant differences in preceptor role awareness among the participants based on competence (p =.002) and clinical skill (p =.000). Also, there were high positive correlations between preceptor role awareness and its subdivision (p <.01). Conclusion: For effective operation of the preceptor system in the future, the preceptors' role as designers of instruction and role models should be enhanced, Also, future preceptors are very important in the improvement of competence and clinical skill in the preceptor system. Therefore, it is necessary to provide training that enables new preceptors to effectively adopt and operate the preceptor system.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.295-305
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• 2019

This study examined the effects of social comparison orientation and stress coping styles on job-seeking stress experienced by university students. The participants of this study were 324 junior and senior students (151 males and 173 females) from six universities located in Seoul who were preparing for employment. They were asked to respond to a written questionnaire to measure research variables for the Job-Seeking Stress Scale, the Social Comparison Orientation Scale, and the Ways of Coping Checklist. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and a hierarchical multiple regression. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, social comparison orientation had a positive effect on job-seeking stress of university students, revealing that students with a high level of social comparison orientation were more likely to experience job-seeking stress. Second, both emotion-alleviation coping style and wishful thinking coping style increased level of job-seeking stress. In addition, problem-focused coping style had a negative influence on job-seeking stress, whereas social support seeking coping style had no significant effect on it. The results suggested that it would be possible to reduce job-seeking stress of university students by changing either social comparison or stress coping style.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of nurses' empathy and self-efficacy on nursing care of older adults in an integrated nursing care services (INCS) unit. Methods: The participants were 210 nurses caring for elderly patients in the INCS unit in Korea. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from February 9 to February 23, 2017. The questionnaires are composed of empathy construct rating scale, self-efficacy scale and nursing care of older adults scale. Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.9 years old. There were significant positive relationships between age and clinical career (r=.78; p<.001), self-efficacy and empathy (r=.33; p<.001) and empathy and nursing care of older adults (r=.25; p<.001). The quality of nursing care of older adults were significantly different according to working experience in psychiatric unit (p=.021). Influencing factor of nursing care of older adults was empathy (${\ss}=.29$; p<.001), which explained 30% of the variance. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that attention should be given to empathy of nursing care of older adults and numerous efforts should be made to improve nurses' empathy for quality elderly care.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.163-170
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of discrimination abuser experiences and discrimination victim experiences on the human rights consciousness of children in community children, In order to understand the role of self-esteem as a mediating role between these two variables, And to find practical and policy implications. For this purpose, we selected 662 elementary school sixth graders who participated in the second panel of the community children's center, the third year (2016), as the sample and used the structural equation model validation method. As a result of this study: First, the experience of discrimination abuser against children in the community children's center has negative effects on self - esteem. Second, the self-esteem of children in the community children's center showed a statistically significant effect on human rights consciousness. Third, the experiences of child discrimination abuse and discrimination of local children's centers showed significant influence on children's consciousness of human rights through self - esteem. In conclusion, we proposed practical use measures to promote positive emotional development and human rights consciousness of children in community children's centers.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.182-193
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify effects of anxiety, social support, and Taegyo practice toward maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women having an abortion. Method: Participants included 99 pregnant women having an abortion, who participated in this study. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression with the SPSS WIN 23.0 program. Results: Maternal-fetal attachment was significantly negatively correlated with anxiety, and significantly positively correlated with social support and Taegyo practice. Spousal support and Taegyo practice, explained 43.8% of participants' maternal-fetal attachment. Conclusion: Results indicate that less anxiety and more social support, and Taegyo practice in pregnant women having an abortion, were associated with stronger maternal-fetal attachment. To strengthen the maternal-fetal attachment of pregnant women having an abortion experience, it would be necessary to develop and implement the Taegyo program, focusing on practicing Taegyo-related encouragement. Additionally, it is recommended that nursing intervention is provided, to encourage families to participate in the Taegyo practice together throughout the gestational period, and to maintain a positive relationship among partners.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2021

Objectives: As COVID-19 drags on, university students experience more stress and feel more anxious about their studies and career plans. Against the backdrop, this study aims to analyze the moderating effect of family health on the relationship between the spread of COVID-19 and the quality of life in university students. Methods: In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the results of an online survey performed with 216 university students in cities K and D were analyzed using frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and moderating effect analysis. Results: It was found that COVID-19 stress had a significant negative effect on the quality of life in university students, while family health showed a significant positive effect. In addition, the moderating effect of family health was statistically significant on the relationship between COVID-19 stress and the quality of life in university students. Conclusions: This study found that family health plays an essential role as a safety net in reducing stress and improve the quality of life in university students amid the social crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this regard, it is required to develop various programs for communication with parents, including parent-child communication techniques.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.861-872
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• 2021

This study examines the relationship between board characteristics and capital structure. Data was collected from the annual reports of listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand, from 2015 to 2017, which totaled 1,264 firm-year observations. The study uses multiple regression analysis to analyses the data by using independent variables, including board size, outside directors, managerial ownership, CEO duality, frequency of board meetings, board experience, and gender to measure board characteristics and the total debt ratio for capital structure. Research findings show that the more independent the directors are, the lower the cost of debt financing is, as they control the management team more strictly about debt financing than directors with less independence do. Additionally, the results reveal that the higher the percentage of managerial ownership, the higher the level of leverage and debt financing, whereas board size and board meetings have a negative relationship to capital structure. Further research showed that firm size, growth opportunities and corporate governance rating all had a positive significant impact on capital structure. The findings of this study suggest that the presence of proper corporate governance leads to better funding mechanisms as it ensures that the company is in a better position to obtain external funding.