• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.367-370
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• 2005

Offer of medical treatment service for recovery or preservation of physical spiritual function of elderly people by sudden population graying developing is essential. Therefore, according to increase of elderly's medical treatment demand, medical treatment service request is augmented. Number of medical treatment service utilization wishes to grope medical treatment service support way for elderly residing cloth elevation laying stress on elderly's Aging in Place in increase trend in this research. If decide, is as following : First, national hospital and public health center were concentrated most on Seoul and kyonggi, and there were many hospitals to south of a river nine, Songpagu, Seochogu, and public health center was expose that is one by one to each nine. Second, in the case of Seoul, elderly population ratio was expose that comparatively high Yeongdeungpo, Chongno, Yongsan, west passage nine is few hospital number relatively in elderly's residential area. Third, need that establish elderly full text clinic on part of general hospital or university hospital equipment. Fourth, must do so that can use access as is easy little more in local community to all elderly who need medical treatment service of visit nursing, visit medical examination and treatment etc.. that consist in present public health center.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.20-30
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• 1977

Relationship of soil properties and seasonal variation on microbilogical population to-continuous culture and first-time culture of ginseng was investigated by bimonthly from May 1976 to January 1977. pH and P contents of 2 years continuous culture of soil were higher than other culture plot of soil, and contraty to the above, 2 years first-time culture of ginseng soil was conplot of soil, and contraty to the above, 2 years first-time culture of ginseng soil was contained more potassium contents than other culture plot of soil. In microbiological fluctuation with seasonr in various soil conditions, the population, trends of Fusarium spp., Erwiniaspp., and flourescent Psedudomonas spp. were increased in May and July in general, but decreased in the other month. It was observed that in all type of soil, Fusarium spp. was distributed in abundance in and on rihizosphere, and decreased the propagules numbers as soil depth increase. The numbers of Erwinia spp. and fluorescent Pseudo-monas spp. were distributed greater in numbers on the surface zone of soil depth decreasing the numbers along the soil layer increase, and also in 2years continuous culture of soil especially, a great numbers of Erwinia spp. and fluorescent Pseudomonas were evenly distributed in surface zone and rhizosphere. Ginseng disease with a high incidence of bacterial disease in continuous culture of 2 and 4 years was seemed to be associated with soil bacteria that was high in numbers of Erwinia spp. and fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. in May and July.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.29-57
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• 2001

Since the inauguration of the medical insurance system in 1977, the increasing medical expenses which can be menace to tile finance of the medical insurance system, have become major concern in the medical insurance field In Korea. This study focuses on the determinants of the medical expenses in the health insurance in Korea and analyzes the impact of these factors on the increase in the medical expenses. The empirical work is done using the pooled cross-section and time-series data of the medical insurance for the self-employeds and the industrial workers from the year 1995 to 1997. The result of this study shows that the main determinants of the medical expenses in the health insurance are the ratio of the population of the aged to the total population, the frequency of the utilization, number of doctors per capita and the regime changes. Although the increasing trend in the medical expenses seems to be unavoidable, we probably need to add some efficiency to the medical expenses by suppressing the supply and the utilization of the unnecessary medical services. The fee-for-service reimbursement system of today can't suppress the supply of the unnecessary medical services effectively. So we need to convert the present fee-for-service system into DRG's which is known to reduce the medical costs. The increase in the medical expenses comes from a lot of factors. Therefore, we should develop more systematic and comprehensive measures to control the soaring medical expenses in consideration of the various factors such as demand, supply, and the organizational side of the medical system.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제7권1_2호
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• pp.35-38
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• 1980

Korean family planning program has been adopted as a part of the Economic Development Plan with strong national government backup. After initiation of family planning program, the increase rate of total population declined from 2.6 percent during 1955-1960, to 2.1 percent in 1960-1975, and 1.6 percent in 1979. Of course, we do not ascribe this population increase rate decline to the national family planning program alone. Other contributing factors have been changes such as growing numbers of induced absortions, a rising marriage age and economic development. Currently, 2,600 family planning workers are assigned in all myun of the country. 21 percent of the works are registered nurse, 9 percent are midwife and aid nurses occupy 70 percent (Table 1). Authorized clinics are 2,329 which composed 1,765 IUD clinics, 1,070 vasectomy clinics and 1,150 Fimale sterilization clinics (Table 2). Cumulative contraceptive services provided by government program, 1962-1974 is illustrated in Table 3. After government program in family planning has been initiated (1962-1978), estimated number of births averted by each methods was measured (Table 4). From 1962 to 1978, tendency of contraceptive acceptors is illustrated in Table 5 showed that IUD, oral pill and condom program is decreasing and in other hand, sterilization program is increasing very much. Attitude change toward family size (1965-1978), contraceptive practice and son preference are showed in Table 7, 8, respectively. Auther concluded that future program in family planning should target to the point, that smaller family size norm for maternal health should be emphasized rather than smaller size family for national development.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2022

This research has the purposes of analyzing and proving empirically, such as: To investigate the effect of good corporate governance (GCG) on financial performance at banks in Indonesia through the mediating role of corporate asset growth. Theoretically, the study's results were expected to enrich and complete the repertoire of understanding in the financial management area, specifically with those phenomena related to banking financial performance and factors which influenced it. The population of this research was a bank that had a Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI) rating from 2011 to 2020. The type of sampling used was saturated sampling; thus, the whole population is sample members. Current data analysis used SEM. GCG has a direct or indirect impact on banking financial performance, according to the findings of this study. Improved GCG results in increased public confidence, which is reflected in an increase in total assets, as well as improved banks' financial performance. As a result, it can be stated that corporate asset increase largely mitigated the impact of GCG on bank financial performance in Indonesia. Through this rapid growth from corporate assets, Bank can maximize the market expansion which is ultimately able to improve banking financial performance.

• 생태와환경
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.242-249
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• 2023

The aquarium pet trade is a source of potentially invasive crayfish species, which can be subsequently intentionally or unintentionally introduced into new environments. There were 34 species of freshwater crayfish imported into Korea for ornamental purposes. Starting with 1 species in 2008, it shows a trend of continuous increase every year with the maximum of 25 species in 2020. The number of freshwater crayfish imported into Korea for ornamental purposes was 1,172,159, with an annual average of 78,144 being imported. The population also recorded a record high in 2017 with a 38% increase in population imports compared to the previous year. Among the 34 pet crayfish imported into Korea, four species classified as high-risk and managed in the US and Europe were American crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), Cherax quadricarinatus, Cherax cainii, and Cherax destructor. In addition to American crayfish (P. clarkii), 3 types of high-risk invasive crayfish are designated as legally managed species by conducting an ecological risk assessment, raising awareness among importers, retailers and consumers through awareness-raising education on freshwater crayfish, and measures for route management such as species identification and improvement of labeling methods are needed.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.747-760
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• 2014

본 연구는 통계청의 인구주택총조사 1985, 1995, 2005년 원자료를 이용하여 지역간 인적자본의 불평등 정도와 그 추이, 그리고 고령화가 이에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 보여준다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시군구의 인적자본의 절대수준은 증가하여 왔으나, 이들 지역의 상대적 위치는 크게 변하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 도시규모가 클수록 대졸비중은 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 셋째, Berry and Glaeser(2005)의 모형에 따라 대졸비중의 격차를 초기 대졸비중으로 회귀 분석한 결과, 지역간 인적자본의 격차가 점점 확대되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 시군구의 고령화 비중과 대졸비중은 매우 강한 음의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 지역간 고령화의 차이가 인적자본 격차를 얼마나 설명하는지를 가상의 시나리오를 이용하여 추정한 결과, 만약 지역간 고령화의 차이가 없었다면 지역간 인적자본의 격차는 상당히 줄었을 것으로 추정되었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권7호
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• pp.18.1-18.12
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• 2018

Background: Xanthosine treatment has been previously reported to increase mammary stem cell population and milk production in cattle and goats. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the increase in stem cell population and milk production remain unclear. Methods: Primiparous Beetal goats were assigned to the study. Five days post-partum, one mammary gland of each goat was infused with xanthosine (TRT) twice daily ($2{\times}$) for 3 days consecutively, and the other gland served as a control (CON). Milk samples from the TRT and CON glands were collected on the 10th day after the last xanthosine infusion and the total RNA was isolated from milk fat globules (MEGs). Total RNA in MFGs was mainly derived from the milk epithelial cells (MECs) as evidenced by expression of milk synthesis genes. Significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) terms using PANTHER and gene networks were generated using STRING db. Results: Preliminary analysis indicated that each individual goat responded to xanthosine treatment differently, with this trend being correlated with specific DEGs within the same animal's mammary gland. Several pathways are impacted by these DEGs, including cell communication, cell proliferation and anti-microbials. Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into transcriptomic changes in milk producing epithelial cells in response to xanthosine treatment. Further characterization of DEGs identified in this study is likely to delineate the molecular mechanisms of increased milk production and stem or progenitor cell population by the xanthosine treatment.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.105-128
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• 2008

City of Gyeongju's referendum finally offered the long-waited low-level radioactive waste disposal site in November 2005. Gyeongju's positive decision was due to the various economic rewards and incentives the national government promised to the city. 300 billion won for an accepting bonus, the location of the headquarter building of the Korean Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., and the accelerator research center and 3.25 trillion won for supporting regional development program implementation. All of the above will affect the city's infrastructure and the citizens' economic and social lives. Population, land use, economic structure, SOC and quality of life will be affected. Some will be very positive, and some will be negative. This research project will see the future of the city and forecast the demographic, economic, physical and environmental changes of the city via computer simulation's system dynamics technique. This kind of simulation will help City of Gyeongju's what to prepare for the future. The population forecasting of the year 2046 will be 662,424 with the waste disposal site, and 327,274 without the waste disposal site in Gyeongju. The waste disposal site and regional supporting program will increase 184,246 Jobs more with 1,605 agriculture and fishery, 5,369 manufacturing shops and 27,577 shops. The population increase will bring 96,726 more houses constructed in the city. Land use will also be affected. More land will be developed. And road, water plant and waste water plant will be expanded as much. The city's financial structure will be expanded, due to the increased revenues from the waste disposal site, and property tax revenues from the middle-class employees of the company, and the high-powered scientists and technologists from the accelerator research center. All in all, the future of the city will be brighter after operating the nuclear waste disposal site inside the city.

• 한국인구학
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.77-99
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• 2012

본 연구는 사회 환경과 정책 등의 변화에 따라 출산율을 예측할 수 있는 모형을 개발하고자 하였다. 기존의 인구 추계 시 적용하는 출산율은 최근의 추세가 유지되거나 일률적으로 감소 또는 증가할 것이라는 가정 하에서 제시되므로 저출산 고령사회정책 등에 반영하는데 한계가 있기 때문이다. 본 연구의 출산율 예측모형은 OECD 10개 국가들의 종단면적 및 횡단면적 경험치를 동시에 적용한 패널분석(panel analysis)을 통하여 구축하였다. 모형에는 인구학적 요인으로 조혼인율, 초산연령, 영아사망률, 혼외출산비율, 경제적 요인으로 여성경제활동참가율, 일인당 국민소득, 사회문화적 요인으로 남성대비 여성대학진학 비율, 양성평등지수, 그리고 정책적 요인으로 GDP대비 보건정책 지출비율, GDP대비 가족정책 지출비율의 독립변수들이 포함되었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 모형을 적용하여 한국의 최근 년도 출산율을 예측한 결과 실제 출산율과 아주 미세한 차이만 존재하여 상당히 적합한 것으로 평가되었다. 이러한 출산율 예측모형을 이용하여 인구학적 요인, 경제적 정책적 요인 및 사회문화적 요인 중 일부의 변화를 가정할 경우 한국의 출산율이 어떻게 변화할 것인가에 대한 시뮬레이션을 실시하였다. 일례로 GDP 대비 가족지출비율을 현 프랑스 수준까지 높였을 경우 합계출산율은 1.6 수준으로 높아질 것으로 추정되었다. 이와 같은 출산율 예측모형은 정책의 강화 시기 및 정도를 결정하는데 유용할 것으로 판단된다.